TBM刀盘出碴槽结构对出碴效率的影响规律
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摘要
为了研究刀盘出碴槽结构参数对全断面岩石掘进机(TBM)出碴特性的影响规律,本文以某供水隧道工程为背景,考虑掘进过程中岩碴产生、下落以及与滚刀碰撞等因素,建立TBM刀盘(含滚刀)出碴过程数值计算模型,探究出碴槽长宽比、开口角度对刀盘出碴性能的影响规律。仿真结果表明:排碴过程中,岩碴颗粒数量的增长速率先快后慢,最后趋于平稳;TBM刀盘开口面积一定时,随着出碴槽长宽比增大,排碴量加速下降43%;随着出碴槽开口角度的增大,排碴量呈现先增大后减小趋势;当开口角度为35°时,出碴效率最高。设计出碴槽时,在控制开口宽度尽量大的前提下,开口角度优化范围为20°~35°。设计的针对该供水工程的TBM刀盘开口,经过两年多的工程掘进,效果良好。
To investigate the influence of the structure parameters of tunnel boring machine(TBM) mucking slots on the discharge characteristics of ballasts,a numerical calculation model of the TBM mucking process is established using the discrete element method(DEM) based on a water supply tunnel project. The generation and drop process of ballasts as well as collision with the cutters are considered. The simulation aims to study the influence of mucking slots aspect ratio and opening angle on the discharge performance of ballasts. The simulation results show that with the rotation of the cutterhead,the growth rate of discharged ballasts first increases and then decreases,and finally stabilizes in the mucking process. When the opening area of the TBM cutterhead is constant,with an increase of the ballast slots aspect ratio,the amount of discharged ballasts decreases at a growing rate of 43%. With an increase of the opening angle of mucking slots,the amount of discharged ballasts first increases and then decreases. The mucking efficiency was maximum at an opening angle of 35°. Therefore,when designing the mucking slot,it is better to set an opening angle between 20° ~ 35° and the slots opening should be wide as possible. Based on the research results,a TBM cutterhead opening is designed for the abovementioned water supply project,and the TBM performed efficiently for more than two years of tunneling.
To investigate the influence of the structure parameters of tunnel boring machine(TBM) mucking slots on the discharge characteristics of ballasts,a numerical calculation model of the TBM mucking process is established using the discrete element method(DEM) based on a water supply tunnel project. The generation and drop process of ballasts as well as collision with the cutters are considered. The simulation aims to study the influence of mucking slots aspect ratio and opening angle on the discharge performance of ballasts. The simulation results show that with the rotation of the cutterhead,the growth rate of discharged ballasts first increases and then decreases,and finally stabilizes in the mucking process. When the opening area of the TBM cutterhead is constant,with an increase of the ballast slots aspect ratio,the amount of discharged ballasts decreases at a growing rate of 43%. With an increase of the opening angle of mucking slots,the amount of discharged ballasts first increases and then decreases. The mucking efficiency was maximum at an opening angle of 35°. Therefore,when designing the mucking slot,it is better to set an opening angle between 20° ~ 35° and the slots opening should be wide as possible. Based on the research results,a TBM cutterhead opening is designed for the abovementioned water supply project,and the TBM performed efficiently for more than two years of tunneling.
引文
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[13]霍军周,杨静,孙伟,等.TBM刀盘支撑筋结构设计及静动态特性分析[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2014,35(7):883-888.HUO Junzhou,YANG Jing,SUN Wei,et al.Structure design and static/dynamic analysis of TBM cutterhead supporting ribs[J].Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2014,35(7):883-888.
[14]霍军周,孙伟,欧阳湘宇,等.隧道掘进机刀群与盘体支撑筋耦合布置设计[J].机械工程学报,2014,50(21):23-30.HUO Junzhou,SUN Wei,OUYANG Xiangyu,et al.Coupling layout design of disc cutters group and cutterhead supporting structure[J].Journal of mechanical engineering,2014,50(21):23-30.
[15]陈巍,孙伟,霍军周.TBM刀盘开口面积的确定[J].机械设计与制造,2015(5):29-31,35.CHEN Wei,SUN Wei,HUO Junzhou.The open area determination of TBM cutterhead[J].Machinery design and manufacture,2015(5):29-31,35.
[2]XIA Yimin,TANG Lu,JI Zhiyong,et al.Optimal design of structural parameters for shield cutterhead based on fuzzy mathematics and multi-objective genetic algorithm[J].Journal of Central South University,2015,22(3):937-945.
[3]ROSTAMI J,OZDEMIR L.Computer modeling of mechanical excavators cutterhead[C]∥Proceedings of the World Rock Boring Association Conference.Ontario,1996.
[4]ROSTAMI J.[J].Geomechanics and tunnelling,2008,1(1):18-28.
[5]王洪新.土压平衡盾构刀盘开口率对土舱压力的影响[J].地下空间与工程学报,2012,8(1):89-93,104.WANG Hongxin.Influence of aperture ratio of cutterhead of EPB Shield on earth pressure in the chamber[J].Chinese journal of underground space and engineering,2012,8(1):89-93,104.
[6]SHI Hu,YANG Huayong,GONG Guofang,et al.Determination of the cutterhead torque for EPB shield tunneling machine[J].Automation in construction,2011,20(8):1087-1095.
[7]刘建琴,刘蒙蒙,郭伟,等.隧道掘进机刀盘结构性能评价研究关键问题分析[J].现代隧道技术,2014,51(2):5-10.LIU Jianqin,LIU Mengmeng,GUO Wei,et al.Analysis of key problems in the structural performance evaluation for TBM cutter heads[J].Modern tunnelling technology,2014,51(2):5-10.
[8]刘建琴,郭伟,黄丙庆,等.土压平衡盾构刀盘开口率与刀盘前后压差的关系[J].天津大学学报,2011,44(8):659-664.LIU Jianqin,GUO Wei,HUANG Bingqing,et al.Relationship between aperture ratio and fore-and-back pressure of EPB shield cutter head[J].Journal of Tianjin University,2011,44(8):659-664.
[9]郭伟,胡竟,王磊,等.基于CFD的土压平衡盾构刀盘开口分布特征研究[J].机械工程学报,2012,48(17):144-151.GUO Wei,HU Jing,WANG Lei,et al.Study on the opening distribution characteristics of earth pressure balance shield cutter head based on CFD[J].Journal of mechanical engineering,2012,48(17):144-151.
[10]XU Qianwei,ZHU Hehua,DING Wenqi,et al.Laboratory model tests and field investigations of EPB shield machine tunnelling in soft ground in Shanghai[J].Tunnelling and underground space technology,2011,26(1):1-14.
[11]武力,屈福政,孙伟,等.基于离散元的土压平衡盾构密封舱压力分析[J].岩土工程学报,2011,32(1):18-23.WU Li,QU Fuzheng,SUN Wei,et al.Discrete numerical model for analysis of chamber pressure of earth pressure balance shield machine[J].Chinese journal of geotechnical engineering,2011,32(1):18-23.
[12]WU Li,GUAN Tianmin,LEI Lei.Discrete element model for performance analysis of cutterhead excavation system of EPB machine[J].Tunnelling and underground space technology,2013,37:37-44.
[13]霍军周,杨静,孙伟,等.TBM刀盘支撑筋结构设计及静动态特性分析[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2014,35(7):883-888.HUO Junzhou,YANG Jing,SUN Wei,et al.Structure design and static/dynamic analysis of TBM cutterhead supporting ribs[J].Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2014,35(7):883-888.
[14]霍军周,孙伟,欧阳湘宇,等.隧道掘进机刀群与盘体支撑筋耦合布置设计[J].机械工程学报,2014,50(21):23-30.HUO Junzhou,SUN Wei,OUYANG Xiangyu,et al.Coupling layout design of disc cutters group and cutterhead supporting structure[J].Journal of mechanical engineering,2014,50(21):23-30.
[15]陈巍,孙伟,霍军周.TBM刀盘开口面积的确定[J].机械设计与制造,2015(5):29-31,35.CHEN Wei,SUN Wei,HUO Junzhou.The open area determination of TBM cutterhead[J].Machinery design and manufacture,2015(5):29-31,35.