智能化曝气控制A/O工艺处理低C/N生活污水有效性及其脱氮机制
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摘要
将新型智能化曝气控制系统(automatic oxygen supply device,AOSD)应用于A/O工艺中,研究AOSD系统曝气模式控制下的A/O工艺(I-A/O)与持续曝气模式的A/O工艺(C-A/O)对低C/N生活污水处理能力的有效性,并从系统活性污泥特性的角度探究I-A/O系统反硝化菌在脱氮过程中对碳素的摄取、利用途径。结果表明:低进水碳源负荷下,I-A/O与C-A/O系统对COD、NH_4~+-N的平均去除率稳定且均达80%以上;I-A/O系统对TN去除率高出C-A/O系统25.97%,其对TN具有明显的去除优势;2套系统对TP均无去除效果。I-A/O系统活性污泥好氧异养菌产率系数Y_H为0.142 mg·mg~(-1),活性污泥衰减系数K_d为0.018 d~(-1),均低于C-A/O系统;在进水低C/N水平下,I-A/O系统活性污泥可通过更强的吸附贮存碳源能力、较低的好氧异养菌竞争压力、溶胞作用为反硝化菌提供更多的碳源以便脱氮反应。C/N是I-A/O系统曝气总量节省率重要影响因素之一,相比于C-A/O系统,其处理低C/N生活污水可节约曝气系统约52%的曝气量。
In order to evaluate the treatment effectiveness for low C/N ratio domestic wastewater with automatic oxygen supply device (AOSD),AOSD was applied to A/O process.The operation characteristics in treating sewage and carbon uptake way of denitrification process in A/O system was investigated under the intelligent aeration controlled A/O process (I-A/O) and continuous aeration A/O process (C-A/O) in the field of sludge properties.The results demonstrated that with scanty exogenous carbon source supplied,there were more than 80% removal efficiency in COD and NH_4~+-N could be reached in both I-A/O and C-A/O system steadily.The removal efficiency in TN of I-A/O was 25.97% higher than C-A/O,it had obvious removal advantage in TN and there were no removal efficiency of TP for two sets of system.The sludge yield index of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria and sludge decay coefficient of I-A/O were 0.142 mg·mg~(-1) and 0.018 d~(-1),respectively.There were both lower than the level of C-A/O.In low C/N ratio condition,activated sludge in I-A/O system could uptake more carbon for denitrification reaction than C-A/O system by stronger adsorption and storage ability of carbon source,lower competition pressure from aerobic heterotrophic bacteria and using released carbon result from cell rupture.C/N ratio was one of the important influenced factors for energy conservation in I-A/O aeration system.Com-pared with C-A/O,I-A/O saved about 52% power consumption in aeration system.
In order to evaluate the treatment effectiveness for low C/N ratio domestic wastewater with automatic oxygen supply device (AOSD),AOSD was applied to A/O process.The operation characteristics in treating sewage and carbon uptake way of denitrification process in A/O system was investigated under the intelligent aeration controlled A/O process (I-A/O) and continuous aeration A/O process (C-A/O) in the field of sludge properties.The results demonstrated that with scanty exogenous carbon source supplied,there were more than 80% removal efficiency in COD and NH_4~+-N could be reached in both I-A/O and C-A/O system steadily.The removal efficiency in TN of I-A/O was 25.97% higher than C-A/O,it had obvious removal advantage in TN and there were no removal efficiency of TP for two sets of system.The sludge yield index of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria and sludge decay coefficient of I-A/O were 0.142 mg·mg~(-1) and 0.018 d~(-1),respectively.There were both lower than the level of C-A/O.In low C/N ratio condition,activated sludge in I-A/O system could uptake more carbon for denitrification reaction than C-A/O system by stronger adsorption and storage ability of carbon source,lower competition pressure from aerobic heterotrophic bacteria and using released carbon result from cell rupture.C/N ratio was one of the important influenced factors for energy conservation in I-A/O aeration system.Com-pared with C-A/O,I-A/O saved about 52% power consumption in aeration system.
引文
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[2]卢玮,黄伟明,武云志,等.污水处理厂的曝气优化[J].中国给水排水,2012,28(22):27-30
[3]高大文,彭永臻,王淑莹.交替好氧/缺氧短程硝化反硝化生物脱氮I.方法实现与控制[J].环境科学学报,2004,24(5):761-768
[4]HUBAUX N,WELLS G,MORGENROTH E.Impact of coexistence of flocs and biofilm on performance of combined nitritationanammox granular sludge reactors[J].Water Research,2015,68:127-139
[5]QIAO S,YAMAMOTO T,MISAKA M,et al.High-rate nitrogen removal from livestock manure digester liquor by combined partial nitritation-anammox process[J].Biodegradation,2010,21(1):11-20
[6]SPAGIN A,MARSILI-LIBELLI S.Nitrogen removal via nitrite in a sequencing batch reactor treating sanitary landfill leachate[J].Bioresource Technology,2009,100(2):609-614
[7]许春莲,张伟,戴建坤,等.AOSD智能化曝气控制技术在小型污水处理装置中的应用[J].环境科学与技术,2014,37(6):152-156
[8]杨瓯蒙.AOSD智能化曝气控制系统应用于A/O工艺处理生活污水研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2015
[9]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002
[10]KIM J,DIGIANO F A.Fouling models for low pressure membrane system[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2009,68:293-304
[11]左金龙,王淑莹,彭赵旭,等.低溶解氧污泥微膨胀前后污泥硝化活性的对比研究[J].土木建筑与环境工程,2009,31(4):117-122
[12]NI B J,YU H Q,SUN Y J.Modeling simultaneous autotrophic and heterotrophic growth in aerobic granules[J].Water Research,2008,42(6/7):1583-1594
[13]丁霆.p H对乙酸废水剩余污泥产率和特性的影响[D].南京:南京农业大学,2013
[14]王建芳.剩余污泥减量化污水处理工艺及微生物群落特征研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2008
[15]李冰.影响活性污泥产率的环境因素研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2006
[16]何志江,赵媛,张源凯,等.活性污泥表面性质对絮凝沉降性能与出水悬浮物的影响[J].环境科学,2016,37(8):3135-3142
[17]刘宏波,文湘华,赵芳.活性污泥快速吸附污水碳源的动力学研究[J].环境科学,2011,32(9):2593-2597
[18]王晓莲,彭永臻.A2/O法污水生物脱氮除磷处理技术与应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2009
[19]郭建华,王淑莹,彭永臻,等.低溶解氧污泥微膨胀节能方法在A/O中的试验验证[J].环境科学,2008,29(12):3348-3352
[20]端正花,潘留明,陈晓欧,等.低温下活性污泥膨胀的微生物群落结构研究[J].环境科学,2016,37(3):1070-1074
[21]徐宇峰.低氧活性污泥法除污及污泥减量研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2014
[22]国际水协废水生物处理设计与运行数学模型课题组.活性污泥数学模型[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2002
[23]HAO X D,WANG Q L,ZHU J Y,et al.Microbio logical endogenous processes in biological wastewater treatment systems[J].Critical Reviews in Environment Science and Technology,2010,40(3):239-265
[24]王凯军.活性污泥膨胀机理与控制[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1993
[25]SHENG G P,YU H Q,LI X Y.Extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)of microbial aggregates in biological wastewater treatment system:A review[J].Biotechnology Advances,2010,28(6):882-894
[26]夏志红,任勇翔,杨垒,等.自养菌与异养菌胞外聚合物对活性污泥絮凝特性的影响[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(2):468-475
[27]曹艳晓.剩余污泥作为低碳氮比生活污水补充碳源的脱氮试验研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2010
[28]KATARZYNA B,IRENA W B.Carbon source in aerobic denitrification[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,2007,36(2):116-122
[29]胡小兵,叶星,周元凯,等.胞外聚合物对活性污泥吸附生活污水碳源的影响[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(11):4062-4069