间歇曝气模式下曝气量对短程硝化恢复的影响
|
摘要
采用SBR反应器在间歇曝气模式下对搁置2个月的短程硝化污泥进行恢复,控制曝气量分别为120、100、80和60L·h-1,在温度为25℃、交替好氧/缺氧时间比为30 min/30 min条件下处理实际生活污水,进水氨氮浓度为50~80 mg·L~(-1),出水氨氮浓度分别在第12、18、21和21周期之后稳定在5 mg·L~(-1)以下,氨氮去除率均高达95.00%左右;第30、35、38和42周期时,亚硝氮积累浓度分别达到20.83、22.81、21.50和20.73 mg·L~(-1),硝氮出水浓度均低于0.5 mg·L~(-1),亚硝积累率均高于99%,氨氧化菌(AOB)活性最终均稳定在100.00%左右,而亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)活性逐渐被抑制,4种曝气量下均成功实现了短程硝化的恢复.
Shortcut nitrification sludge,which was set aside for two months,was recovered using Reactors Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ. The aeration rates of Reactors Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ were 120,100,80,and 60 L·h-1,respectively,while treating real domestic sewage,and the ratio of aerobic/anoxic was 30 min/30 min at the temperature of 25℃. The influent of ammonia was 50-80 mg·L~(-1),and the concentration of effluent ammonia was stable,at below 5 mg·L~(-1),after the 12 th,18 th,21 st,and 21 stcycles. The removal ratio of ammonia nitrogen was about 95%. The highest concentrations of nitrite for Reactors Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ were 20. 83,22. 81,21. 50,and 20. 73 mg·L~(-1),respectively,which occurred in the 30 th,35 th,38 th,and 42 ndcycles,respectively. The concentrations of effluent nitrate were lower than 0. 5 mg·L~(-1),and the nitrite accumulation rates were higher than 99%. The activity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria( AOB) increased gradually and finally stabilized at 100. 00%; however,the activity of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria( NOB) was gradually inhibited. The recovery of shortcut nitrification was achieved successfully in the different aeration modes.
Shortcut nitrification sludge,which was set aside for two months,was recovered using Reactors Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ. The aeration rates of Reactors Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ were 120,100,80,and 60 L·h-1,respectively,while treating real domestic sewage,and the ratio of aerobic/anoxic was 30 min/30 min at the temperature of 25℃. The influent of ammonia was 50-80 mg·L~(-1),and the concentration of effluent ammonia was stable,at below 5 mg·L~(-1),after the 12 th,18 th,21 st,and 21 stcycles. The removal ratio of ammonia nitrogen was about 95%. The highest concentrations of nitrite for Reactors Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ were 20. 83,22. 81,21. 50,and 20. 73 mg·L~(-1),respectively,which occurred in the 30 th,35 th,38 th,and 42 ndcycles,respectively. The concentrations of effluent nitrate were lower than 0. 5 mg·L~(-1),and the nitrite accumulation rates were higher than 99%. The activity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria( AOB) increased gradually and finally stabilized at 100. 00%; however,the activity of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria( NOB) was gradually inhibited. The recovery of shortcut nitrification was achieved successfully in the different aeration modes.
引文
[1]张国威.硝化细菌的分离及其硝化特性的研究[D].天津:南开大学,2011.Zhang G W.Isolation of nitrifying bacteria and research on nitrification characteristics[D].Tianjin:Nankai University,2011.
[2]张伟.硝化细菌的富集培养及氨单加氧酶基因片段的PCR扩增[D].杭州:浙江大学,2002.Zhang W.The enrichment of nitrifying bacteria and amplification of ammonia-monooxygenase(amo A)gene[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2002.
[3]刘瑞兰.硝化细菌富集、保存及其在养殖水体中处理效果的研究[D].重庆:西南师范大学,2005.Liu R L.Richment and conservation of nitrifying bacteria and research on its'application in quaculture[D].Chongqing:Southwestern Normal University,2005.
[4]Liu Y,Yang S F,Tay J H.Improved stability of aerobic granules by selecting slow-growing nitrifying bacteria[J].Journal of Biotechnology,2004,108(2):161-169.
[5]Wang X H,Zhang H M,Yang F L,et al.Improved stability and performance of aerobic granules under stepwise increased selection pressure[J].Enzyme and Microbial Technology,2007,41(3):205-211.
[6]尹子华.高活性硝化污泥的高效富集和生物强化效果研究[D].上海:上海师范大学,2016.
[7]于莉芳,王圣伟,郭天赐,等.污泥水富集硝化菌和强化城市污水低污泥龄硝化[J].环境科学,2008,29(2):332-337.Yu L F,Wang S W,Guo T C,et al.Nitrifiers accumulation with reject water and bio-augmentation for nitrification of sewage at short SRT[J].Environmental Science,2008,29(2):332-337.
[8]曾胡龙,蔡生力,戴习林,等.一种从环境中分离和富集硝化细菌的方法[J].水产学报,2007,31(6):737-742.Zeng H L,Cai S L,Dai X L,et al.A method for isolation and culture of nitrobacteria from environment[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2007,31(6):737-742.
[9]孙金凤.硝化菌的筛选与扩增培养技术研究[D].上海:上海师范大学,2012.Sun J F.Study on selection and amplification of nitrifying bacteria culture technology[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Normal University,2012.
[10]王新华,张捍民,夏丽萍,等.好氧硝化颗粒污泥搁置后活性恢复研究[J].环境科学,2008,29(11):3119-3123.Wang X H,Zhang H M,Xia L P,et al.Reactivation characteristics of stored aerobic nitrifying granules[J].Environmental Science,2008,29(11):3119-3123.
[11]APHA.Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater(21st ed.)[M].Washington,DC:American Public Health Association,2005.
[12]孙洪伟,吕心涛,魏雪芬,等.游离氨(FA)耦合曝气时间对硝化菌活性的抑制影响[J].环境科学,2016,37(3):1075-1081.Sun H W,LüX T,Wei X F,et al.Synergetic inhibitory effect of free ammonia and aeration phase length control on the activity of nitrifying bacteria[J].Environmental Science,2016,37(3):1075-1081.
[13]郭英.SBR生物脱氮过程进水C/N及FA对微生物硝化特性影响试验研究[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2013.Guo Y.Study on the effect of influent C/N and FA on the nitrification characteristic of microbial populations in the biological nitrogen removal of sequencing batch reactor[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou Jiaotong University,2013.
[14]张建华,彭永臻,张淼,等.同步硝化反硝化SBBR处理低C/N比生活污水的启动与稳定运行[J].化工学报,2016,67(11):4817-4824.Zhang J H,Peng Y Z,Zhang M,et al.Start-up and steady operation of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in SBBR treating low C/N ratio domestic wastewater[J].CIESC Journal,2016,67(11):4817-4824.
[15]郭秀丽,高大文,卢健聪.不同恢复方式对硝化颗粒污泥活性的影响[J].环境科学,2013,34(10):3981-3985.Guo X L,Gao D W,Lu J C.Influence of different recovery methods on the activity of nitrification granular sludge[J].Environmental Science,2013,34(10):3981-3985.
[16]贺亮.城市污水处理厂污泥水处理与硝化菌富集中试试验研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2011.He L.The study on the pilotscale experiment of sludge treatment and Nitrifying Bacteria enrichment in Wastewater Treatment Plant[D].Xi'an:Xi'an University of Architecture&Technology,2011.
[17]王正富.污泥水富集硝化菌强化城市污水处理系统生物硝化研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2013.Wang Z F.Enhancing nitrification in wastewater treatment plant through bioaugmentation with nitrifiers enriched by reject water[D].Xi'an:Xi'an University of Architecture&Technology,2013.
[18]刘宏,彭永臻,牛立飞,等.交替缺氧/好氧法短程硝化及AOB和NOB活性特征[J].中国给水排水,2017,33(7):23-27.Liu H,Peng Y Z,Niu L F,et al.Shortcut nitrification and characteristic of AOB and NOB under alternating anoxic/aerobic mode[J].China Water&Wastewater,2017,33(7):23-27.
[19]高春娣,李浩,焦二龙,等.交替好氧缺氧短程硝化及其特性[J].北京工业大学学报,2015,41(1):116-122.Gao C D,Li H,Jiao E L,et al.Alternate oxic-anoxic mode realizing nitritation and its characterization[J].Journal of Beijing University of Technology,2015,41(1):116-122.
[20]刘洪涛.部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化组合工艺脱氮性能研究[D].沈阳:沈阳建筑大学,2013.Liu H T.Study on nitrogen removal performance of the partial nitrification-anammox combined process[D].Shenyang:Shenyang Jianzhu University,2013.
[21]刘宏,彭永臻,卢炯元,等.温度对间歇曝气SBR短程硝化及硝化活性的影响[J].环境科学,2017,38(11),doi:10.13227/j.hjkx.201704277.(in Press)Liu H,Peng Y Z,Lu J Y,et al.Effects of temperature on shortcut nitrification and activity of nitrification in intermittent aeration SBR[J].Environmental Science,2017,38(11),doi:10.13227/j.hjkx.201704277.
[22]曾薇,张悦,李磊,等.生活污水常温处理系统中AOB与NOB竞争优势的调控[J].环境科学,2009,30(5):1430-1436.Zeng W,Zhang Y,Li L,et al.Competition and optimization of AOB and NOB for domestic wastewater treatment at normal temperatures[J].Environmental Science,2009,30(5):1430-1436.
[23]高春娣,王惟肖,李浩,等.SBR法交替缺氧好氧模式下短程硝化效率的优化[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(2):403-409.Gao C D,Wang W X,Li H,et al.Optimization of efficiency on partial nitrification under the mode of alternating anoxic/oxic in sequencing batch reactor[J].China Environmental Science,2015,35(2):403-409.
[24]Kornaros M,Dokianakis S N,Lyberatos G.Partial nitrification/denitrification can be attributed to the slow response of nitrite oxidizing bacteria to periodic anoxic disturbances[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2010,44(19):7245-7253.
[25]张为堂,薛同来,彭永臻,等.AAO-BAF反硝化除磷系统的二次启动特性[J].化工学报,2014,65(2):658-663.Zhang W T,Xue T L,Peng Y Z,et al.Performance of denitrifying-phosphorus-removal system(AAO-BAF)during secondary start-up[J].CIESC Journal,2014,65(2):658-663.
[2]张伟.硝化细菌的富集培养及氨单加氧酶基因片段的PCR扩增[D].杭州:浙江大学,2002.Zhang W.The enrichment of nitrifying bacteria and amplification of ammonia-monooxygenase(amo A)gene[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2002.
[3]刘瑞兰.硝化细菌富集、保存及其在养殖水体中处理效果的研究[D].重庆:西南师范大学,2005.Liu R L.Richment and conservation of nitrifying bacteria and research on its'application in quaculture[D].Chongqing:Southwestern Normal University,2005.
[4]Liu Y,Yang S F,Tay J H.Improved stability of aerobic granules by selecting slow-growing nitrifying bacteria[J].Journal of Biotechnology,2004,108(2):161-169.
[5]Wang X H,Zhang H M,Yang F L,et al.Improved stability and performance of aerobic granules under stepwise increased selection pressure[J].Enzyme and Microbial Technology,2007,41(3):205-211.
[6]尹子华.高活性硝化污泥的高效富集和生物强化效果研究[D].上海:上海师范大学,2016.
[7]于莉芳,王圣伟,郭天赐,等.污泥水富集硝化菌和强化城市污水低污泥龄硝化[J].环境科学,2008,29(2):332-337.Yu L F,Wang S W,Guo T C,et al.Nitrifiers accumulation with reject water and bio-augmentation for nitrification of sewage at short SRT[J].Environmental Science,2008,29(2):332-337.
[8]曾胡龙,蔡生力,戴习林,等.一种从环境中分离和富集硝化细菌的方法[J].水产学报,2007,31(6):737-742.Zeng H L,Cai S L,Dai X L,et al.A method for isolation and culture of nitrobacteria from environment[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2007,31(6):737-742.
[9]孙金凤.硝化菌的筛选与扩增培养技术研究[D].上海:上海师范大学,2012.Sun J F.Study on selection and amplification of nitrifying bacteria culture technology[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Normal University,2012.
[10]王新华,张捍民,夏丽萍,等.好氧硝化颗粒污泥搁置后活性恢复研究[J].环境科学,2008,29(11):3119-3123.Wang X H,Zhang H M,Xia L P,et al.Reactivation characteristics of stored aerobic nitrifying granules[J].Environmental Science,2008,29(11):3119-3123.
[11]APHA.Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater(21st ed.)[M].Washington,DC:American Public Health Association,2005.
[12]孙洪伟,吕心涛,魏雪芬,等.游离氨(FA)耦合曝气时间对硝化菌活性的抑制影响[J].环境科学,2016,37(3):1075-1081.Sun H W,LüX T,Wei X F,et al.Synergetic inhibitory effect of free ammonia and aeration phase length control on the activity of nitrifying bacteria[J].Environmental Science,2016,37(3):1075-1081.
[13]郭英.SBR生物脱氮过程进水C/N及FA对微生物硝化特性影响试验研究[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2013.Guo Y.Study on the effect of influent C/N and FA on the nitrification characteristic of microbial populations in the biological nitrogen removal of sequencing batch reactor[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou Jiaotong University,2013.
[14]张建华,彭永臻,张淼,等.同步硝化反硝化SBBR处理低C/N比生活污水的启动与稳定运行[J].化工学报,2016,67(11):4817-4824.Zhang J H,Peng Y Z,Zhang M,et al.Start-up and steady operation of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in SBBR treating low C/N ratio domestic wastewater[J].CIESC Journal,2016,67(11):4817-4824.
[15]郭秀丽,高大文,卢健聪.不同恢复方式对硝化颗粒污泥活性的影响[J].环境科学,2013,34(10):3981-3985.Guo X L,Gao D W,Lu J C.Influence of different recovery methods on the activity of nitrification granular sludge[J].Environmental Science,2013,34(10):3981-3985.
[16]贺亮.城市污水处理厂污泥水处理与硝化菌富集中试试验研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2011.He L.The study on the pilotscale experiment of sludge treatment and Nitrifying Bacteria enrichment in Wastewater Treatment Plant[D].Xi'an:Xi'an University of Architecture&Technology,2011.
[17]王正富.污泥水富集硝化菌强化城市污水处理系统生物硝化研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2013.Wang Z F.Enhancing nitrification in wastewater treatment plant through bioaugmentation with nitrifiers enriched by reject water[D].Xi'an:Xi'an University of Architecture&Technology,2013.
[18]刘宏,彭永臻,牛立飞,等.交替缺氧/好氧法短程硝化及AOB和NOB活性特征[J].中国给水排水,2017,33(7):23-27.Liu H,Peng Y Z,Niu L F,et al.Shortcut nitrification and characteristic of AOB and NOB under alternating anoxic/aerobic mode[J].China Water&Wastewater,2017,33(7):23-27.
[19]高春娣,李浩,焦二龙,等.交替好氧缺氧短程硝化及其特性[J].北京工业大学学报,2015,41(1):116-122.Gao C D,Li H,Jiao E L,et al.Alternate oxic-anoxic mode realizing nitritation and its characterization[J].Journal of Beijing University of Technology,2015,41(1):116-122.
[20]刘洪涛.部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化组合工艺脱氮性能研究[D].沈阳:沈阳建筑大学,2013.Liu H T.Study on nitrogen removal performance of the partial nitrification-anammox combined process[D].Shenyang:Shenyang Jianzhu University,2013.
[21]刘宏,彭永臻,卢炯元,等.温度对间歇曝气SBR短程硝化及硝化活性的影响[J].环境科学,2017,38(11),doi:10.13227/j.hjkx.201704277.(in Press)Liu H,Peng Y Z,Lu J Y,et al.Effects of temperature on shortcut nitrification and activity of nitrification in intermittent aeration SBR[J].Environmental Science,2017,38(11),doi:10.13227/j.hjkx.201704277.
[22]曾薇,张悦,李磊,等.生活污水常温处理系统中AOB与NOB竞争优势的调控[J].环境科学,2009,30(5):1430-1436.Zeng W,Zhang Y,Li L,et al.Competition and optimization of AOB and NOB for domestic wastewater treatment at normal temperatures[J].Environmental Science,2009,30(5):1430-1436.
[23]高春娣,王惟肖,李浩,等.SBR法交替缺氧好氧模式下短程硝化效率的优化[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(2):403-409.Gao C D,Wang W X,Li H,et al.Optimization of efficiency on partial nitrification under the mode of alternating anoxic/oxic in sequencing batch reactor[J].China Environmental Science,2015,35(2):403-409.
[24]Kornaros M,Dokianakis S N,Lyberatos G.Partial nitrification/denitrification can be attributed to the slow response of nitrite oxidizing bacteria to periodic anoxic disturbances[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2010,44(19):7245-7253.
[25]张为堂,薛同来,彭永臻,等.AAO-BAF反硝化除磷系统的二次启动特性[J].化工学报,2014,65(2):658-663.Zhang W T,Xue T L,Peng Y Z,et al.Performance of denitrifying-phosphorus-removal system(AAO-BAF)during secondary start-up[J].CIESC Journal,2014,65(2):658-663.