森林旅游解说规划中的空间、信息与媒体关系模型构建——以天际岭国家森林公园为例
|
摘要
生态文明建设是中华民族永续发展的千年大计,要促进生态、文化和旅游的相互融合。森林旅游解说作为森林旅游过程中必不可少的传播手段,在我国生态文明建设中发挥着重要的作用。以往的文献中,多从游客角度来研究旅游解说规划,空间视角的相关文献甚少,且研究单一。旅游移动性作为旅游的本质属性,从空间视角认识旅游解说规划中的信息与媒体关系将有助于编制科学的旅游解说规划。以湖南天际岭国家森林公园为例,基于实地访谈法与内容分析法,通过对点-线-功能区-公园-区域等5个空间尺度下的80名游客解说需求与媒体偏好进行研究,构建了森林公园解说规划空间尺度、信息需求与媒体偏好概念模型,具有一定的创新性。研究发现,处于不同空间尺度下的游客对解说信息与媒体偏好存在较大的差异性,并指出游客解说信息需求呈现一定的尺度上升趋势,反之则表现不明显。
The construction of ecological civilization is the millennium plan for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation.Therefore, it is necessary to promote the integration of ecology, culture and tourism. Forest tourism commentary, as an essential means of communication in the process of forest tourism, plays an important role in the construction of ecological civilization in China. In the past literature, the tourism commentary planning was studied from the perspective of tourists, there were few related literatures in the spatial perspective. And in the past literature, the tourism commentary plan was studied from the perspective of tourists, and there were few related literatures in the spatial perspective, and the research was in a single mode. Tourism mobility is the essential attribute of tourism. Understanding the relationship between information and media in the tourism interpretation plan from a spatial perspective will help to formulate a scientific tourism interpretation plan. Taking Tianjiling National Forest Park in Changsha city of Hunan province as an example, based on field interviews and content analysis methods, the needs of 80 visitors for forest tourism commentary and some media preferences in this, taking into account five spatial scales(point, line, function area, park, region), were studied. And a conceptual model of spatial scales, information needs and media preferences for Forest Park interpretation planning were constructed, and it has some innovation. It was found that under different spatial scales, tourists' preferences for commentary information had great differences with media' preferences, and visitors' demand for commentary information has shown a certain upward trend, while media preferences were reversed, it was not obvious.
The construction of ecological civilization is the millennium plan for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation.Therefore, it is necessary to promote the integration of ecology, culture and tourism. Forest tourism commentary, as an essential means of communication in the process of forest tourism, plays an important role in the construction of ecological civilization in China. In the past literature, the tourism commentary planning was studied from the perspective of tourists, there were few related literatures in the spatial perspective. And in the past literature, the tourism commentary plan was studied from the perspective of tourists, and there were few related literatures in the spatial perspective, and the research was in a single mode. Tourism mobility is the essential attribute of tourism. Understanding the relationship between information and media in the tourism interpretation plan from a spatial perspective will help to formulate a scientific tourism interpretation plan. Taking Tianjiling National Forest Park in Changsha city of Hunan province as an example, based on field interviews and content analysis methods, the needs of 80 visitors for forest tourism commentary and some media preferences in this, taking into account five spatial scales(point, line, function area, park, region), were studied. And a conceptual model of spatial scales, information needs and media preferences for Forest Park interpretation planning were constructed, and it has some innovation. It was found that under different spatial scales, tourists' preferences for commentary information had great differences with media' preferences, and visitors' demand for commentary information has shown a certain upward trend, while media preferences were reversed, it was not obvious.
引文
[1]习近平.决胜全面建成小康社会夺取新时代中国特色社会主义伟大胜利[EB/OL].http://paper.people.com.cn/rmrbhwb/html/2017-10/28/content_1813142.htm,2017-10-18.
[2]国家林业局宣传办公室.加强生态文明宣传教育--深入学习贯彻习近平总书记关于生态文明建设重大战略思想[EB/OL].http://www.forestry.gov.cn/main/89/content-721114.html,2014-11-26.
[3]张建龙.推进森林城市建设增进居民生态福祉[N].光明日报,2016-09-13(5).
[4]钟永德.用中国林线串起森林氧吧[J].森林与人类,2016(10):16.
[5]吴忠宏.解说在自然保育上的应用[J].自然保育,2001(36):6-13.
[6]罗芬,张安妮,曲佩宇,等.欧洲儿童森林环境教育模式研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报(社会科学版),2016,10(6):56-61.
[7]洪艳,陶伟.游客对解说媒体的需求研究--以西汉南越王博物馆为例[J].旅游学刊,2006,21(11):43-48.
[8]罗芬,钟永德,吴忠宏,等.世界自然遗产地游客旅游解说需求之研究--以湖南武陵源风景名胜区为例[J].旅游学刊,2008,23(08):69-73.
[9]王屏,袁梅,欧阳雪莲,等.森林公园旅游解说媒介分类与评价研究--基于中西方游憩者比较分析[J].林业经济,2016(5):84-90.
[10]罗芬,罗伟亮.户外参与式旅游解说媒体效果评估研究--以广西姑婆山国家森林公园酒桶解说小品为例[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2011,31(7):41-45.
[11]罗芬,王子慧.毛泽东遗物馆游客旅游解说媒体满意度研究[J].热带地理,2010,30(06):687-690.
[12]苏建军,李剑锋.管涔山国家森林公园解说系统质量感知评价研究[J].林业经济问题,2015(5):441-446.
[13]ELIZABETH M P,MADIN D,FENTON M.Environmental Interpretation in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park:An Assessment of Programme Effectiveness[J].Journal of Sustainable Tourism,2004,12(02),121-137.
[14]蔚东英.环境解说评估研究综述[J].旅游科学,2010,24(5):84-94.
[15]王屏,欧阳雪莲,栗丽,等.森林旅游解说生态效果影响研究--以中西方游憩者为例[J].林业经济,2017(10):108-112.
[16]HUGHES M,MORRISON-SAUNDERS A.Influence of Onsite Interpretation Intensity on Visitors to Natural Areas[J].Journal of Ecotourism,2005,4(3),161-177.
[17]MUNRO J K,MORRISON-SAUNDERS A,HUGHES M.Environmental Interpretation Evaluation in Natural Areas[J].Journal of Ecotourism,2008,7(1),1-14.
[18]YOUNG M.The relationship between tourist motivations and the interpretation of place meanings[J].Tourism Geographies,1999,1(4):387-405.
[19]唐黎.基于生态位评价模型的区域旅游空间格局研究--以福建省蓝色海丝生态旅游带为例[J].中南林业科技大学学报(社会科学版),2017,11(6):80-84.
[20]杨静.森林公园游憩空间规划设计初探[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2007.
[21]姜辽,毛长义,张述林,等.乡村旅游空间规划设计的基础理论及实证分析--以重庆市为例[J].水土保持通报,2009(3):211-215.
[22]罗芬.森林公园旅游解说规划技术研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2005.
[23]罗芬,王怀採.生态可视化:生态文化解说发展的必由之路[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2010,30(12):102-106.
[2]国家林业局宣传办公室.加强生态文明宣传教育--深入学习贯彻习近平总书记关于生态文明建设重大战略思想[EB/OL].http://www.forestry.gov.cn/main/89/content-721114.html,2014-11-26.
[3]张建龙.推进森林城市建设增进居民生态福祉[N].光明日报,2016-09-13(5).
[4]钟永德.用中国林线串起森林氧吧[J].森林与人类,2016(10):16.
[5]吴忠宏.解说在自然保育上的应用[J].自然保育,2001(36):6-13.
[6]罗芬,张安妮,曲佩宇,等.欧洲儿童森林环境教育模式研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报(社会科学版),2016,10(6):56-61.
[7]洪艳,陶伟.游客对解说媒体的需求研究--以西汉南越王博物馆为例[J].旅游学刊,2006,21(11):43-48.
[8]罗芬,钟永德,吴忠宏,等.世界自然遗产地游客旅游解说需求之研究--以湖南武陵源风景名胜区为例[J].旅游学刊,2008,23(08):69-73.
[9]王屏,袁梅,欧阳雪莲,等.森林公园旅游解说媒介分类与评价研究--基于中西方游憩者比较分析[J].林业经济,2016(5):84-90.
[10]罗芬,罗伟亮.户外参与式旅游解说媒体效果评估研究--以广西姑婆山国家森林公园酒桶解说小品为例[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2011,31(7):41-45.
[11]罗芬,王子慧.毛泽东遗物馆游客旅游解说媒体满意度研究[J].热带地理,2010,30(06):687-690.
[12]苏建军,李剑锋.管涔山国家森林公园解说系统质量感知评价研究[J].林业经济问题,2015(5):441-446.
[13]ELIZABETH M P,MADIN D,FENTON M.Environmental Interpretation in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park:An Assessment of Programme Effectiveness[J].Journal of Sustainable Tourism,2004,12(02),121-137.
[14]蔚东英.环境解说评估研究综述[J].旅游科学,2010,24(5):84-94.
[15]王屏,欧阳雪莲,栗丽,等.森林旅游解说生态效果影响研究--以中西方游憩者为例[J].林业经济,2017(10):108-112.
[16]HUGHES M,MORRISON-SAUNDERS A.Influence of Onsite Interpretation Intensity on Visitors to Natural Areas[J].Journal of Ecotourism,2005,4(3),161-177.
[17]MUNRO J K,MORRISON-SAUNDERS A,HUGHES M.Environmental Interpretation Evaluation in Natural Areas[J].Journal of Ecotourism,2008,7(1),1-14.
[18]YOUNG M.The relationship between tourist motivations and the interpretation of place meanings[J].Tourism Geographies,1999,1(4):387-405.
[19]唐黎.基于生态位评价模型的区域旅游空间格局研究--以福建省蓝色海丝生态旅游带为例[J].中南林业科技大学学报(社会科学版),2017,11(6):80-84.
[20]杨静.森林公园游憩空间规划设计初探[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2007.
[21]姜辽,毛长义,张述林,等.乡村旅游空间规划设计的基础理论及实证分析--以重庆市为例[J].水土保持通报,2009(3):211-215.
[22]罗芬.森林公园旅游解说规划技术研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2005.
[23]罗芬,王怀採.生态可视化:生态文化解说发展的必由之路[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2010,30(12):102-106.