国外道德创伤研究的三重视角
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摘要
近年来,国外研究表明,战争中所出现的道德创伤已经逐渐成为诱发老兵精神创伤的一个新的创伤范式。道德创伤作为一个复合概念,涉及多学科领域。梳理国外学者对道德创伤的认识,可以概述为三重视角:即文化社会学视角,临床精神病学和心理学视角,精神信仰视角。
In recent years, foreign military studies have shown that the moral injury in war has gradually become a new traumatic paradigm to induce the mental trauma of veterans. As a complex concept, moral injury involves multiple disciplines. The study of moral injury from foreign scholars can be summarized as three perspectives: cultural sociology, clinical psychiatry and psychology, and spiritual belief.
In recent years, foreign military studies have shown that the moral injury in war has gradually become a new traumatic paradigm to induce the mental trauma of veterans. As a complex concept, moral injury involves multiple disciplines. The study of moral injury from foreign scholars can be summarized as three perspectives: cultural sociology, clinical psychiatry and psychology, and spiritual belief.
引文
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[8] Koenig H G, Ames D, Youssef N A, et al. The Moral Injury Symptom Scale-Military Version[J]. Journal of Religion & Health, 2018, 57(1):249-265.
[9] Nash W P, Marino Carper T L, Mills M A, et al. Psychometric Evaluation of the Moral Injury Events Scale[J].Military Medicine,2013,178(6):646.
[10] Currier J M, Holland J M, Drescher K, et al. Initial Psychometric Evaluation of the Moral Injury Questionnaire-Military Version[J]. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 2015, 22(1):54-63.
[11] Brock R N, Lettini G. Soul repair: Recovering from moral injury after war[M]. Baston: Beacon Press, 2012.
[12] Kenneson P D. Trauma and Grace: Theology in a Ruptured World-By Serene Jones[J]. Reviews in Religion & Theology, 2015, 18(2):344-346.
[13] Powers B S. Moral injury and original sin: The applicability of Augustinian moral psychology in light of combat trauma[J]. Theology Today, 2017, 73(4):325-337.
[2] Shay J. Moral injury[J]. Intertexts, 2012, 16(2):182-191.
[3] Shay J. Achilles in Vietnam: Combat trauma and the undoing of character[M]. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2010.
[4] Mcmahan J. Asymmetries in the Morality of Causing People to Exist[M]// Harming Future Persons. Springer Netherlands, 2009:49-68.
[5] Brown W B, Stanulis R, McElroy G. Moral Injury as a Collateral Damage Artifact of War in American Society: Serving in War to Serving Time in Jail and Prison[J]. Justice Policy Journal, 2016, 13(1): 1-41.
[6] Fiala A. The just war myth: The moral illusions of war[M]. Washington DC: Rowman & Littlefield, 2008.
[7] Litz B T, Stein N, Delaney E, et al. Moral injury and moral repair in war veterans: A preliminary model and intervention strategy[J]. Clinical psychology review, 2009, 29(8): 695-706.
[8] Koenig H G, Ames D, Youssef N A, et al. The Moral Injury Symptom Scale-Military Version[J]. Journal of Religion & Health, 2018, 57(1):249-265.
[9] Nash W P, Marino Carper T L, Mills M A, et al. Psychometric Evaluation of the Moral Injury Events Scale[J].Military Medicine,2013,178(6):646.
[10] Currier J M, Holland J M, Drescher K, et al. Initial Psychometric Evaluation of the Moral Injury Questionnaire-Military Version[J]. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 2015, 22(1):54-63.
[11] Brock R N, Lettini G. Soul repair: Recovering from moral injury after war[M]. Baston: Beacon Press, 2012.
[12] Kenneson P D. Trauma and Grace: Theology in a Ruptured World-By Serene Jones[J]. Reviews in Religion & Theology, 2015, 18(2):344-346.
[13] Powers B S. Moral injury and original sin: The applicability of Augustinian moral psychology in light of combat trauma[J]. Theology Today, 2017, 73(4):325-337.