平面波最小二乘逆时偏移方法的优化
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摘要
基于平面波编码的最小二乘逆时偏移(PLSRTM)具有较高的计算效率,而且能够通过降低超道集之间的相干性压制串扰噪声,但其成像结果中存在偏移假象,影响了最终的成像精度和收敛速度。为此,对平面波最小二乘逆时偏移方法进行了优化,利用局部倾角获取构造信息计算构造导向滤波算子,并将其作为正则化算子引入平面波最小二乘逆时偏移,在不影响构造信息的前提下,压制每次迭代梯度的偏移假象,从而提高观测数据与计算数据的匹配程度,最终达到加快收敛速度和提高成像精度的目的。二维简单模型和HESS模型数据试算结果表明:该方法可以在提高计算效率的同时压制串扰噪声,消除偏移假象,加快收敛速度,提高复杂构造的成像精度。
Plane wave least squares reverse time migration based on shot coding can improve computational efficiency and suppress crosstalk noise.However,some migration artifacts exist that could affect final imaging accuracy.A structure-oriented filter operator can suppress random noise using information about the structural dip.First,structural information is obtained by each iteration gradient from a local dip.Based on this,the structure-oriented filter operator is then established and introduced into the plane wave least squares reverse time migration as a regularization operator.This method can preserve information about structures and suppress migration artifacts in each iteration,thus improving the matching degree between the observation data and calculation data,accelerating the convergence,and improving the imaging accuracy.Tests on both a simple model and HESS model showed that this method can suppress crosstalk noise and migration artifacts,accelerate the convergence,and improve the computational efficiency and imaging accuracy of complex structures.
Plane wave least squares reverse time migration based on shot coding can improve computational efficiency and suppress crosstalk noise.However,some migration artifacts exist that could affect final imaging accuracy.A structure-oriented filter operator can suppress random noise using information about the structural dip.First,structural information is obtained by each iteration gradient from a local dip.Based on this,the structure-oriented filter operator is then established and introduced into the plane wave least squares reverse time migration as a regularization operator.This method can preserve information about structures and suppress migration artifacts in each iteration,thus improving the matching degree between the observation data and calculation data,accelerating the convergence,and improving the imaging accuracy.Tests on both a simple model and HESS model showed that this method can suppress crosstalk noise and migration artifacts,accelerate the convergence,and improve the computational efficiency and imaging accuracy of complex structures.
引文
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[21] LI C,HUANG J P,LI Z C,et al.Preconditioned prestack plane-wave least squares reverse time migration with singular spectrum constraint[J].Applied Geophysics,2017,14(1):73-86
[22] LI C,HUANG J P,LI Z C,et al.Plane-wave least-squares reverse time migration with a preconditioned stochastic conjugate gradient method[J].Geophysics,2018,83(1):1-50
[23] 朱峰,黄建平,李振春,等.基于构造滤波的VTI介质平面波最小二乘FFD叠前深度偏移[J].石油地球物理勘探,2018,53(5):932-944ZHU F,HUANG J P,LI Z C,et al.Structure-constrained plane-wave least-squares FFD prestack depth migration for VTI media[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2018,53(5):932-944
[24] LIU Y,FOMEL S,LIU G.Nonlinear structure-enhancing filtering using plane-wave prediction[J].Geophysical Prospecting,2010,58(3):415-427
[25] FOMEL S.Applications of plane-wave destructor filters[J].Geophysics,2002,67(10):1946-1960
[26] 刘洋,王典,刘财,等.基于非平稳相似性系数的构造导向滤波及断层检测方法[J].地球物理学报,2014,57(4):1177-1187LIU Y,WANG D,LIU C,et al.Structure-oriented filtering and fault detection based on nonstationary similarity[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2014,57(4):1177-1187
[2] 郭书娟,马方正,段心标,等.最小二乘逆时偏移成像方法的实现与应用研究[J].石油物探,2015,54(3):301-308GUO S J,MA F Z,DUAN X B,et al.Research of least-squares reverse-time migration imaging method and its application[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2015,54(3):301-308
[3] 郭念民,冯雪梅,李海山.高阶拉普拉斯算子逆时偏移低频噪声去除方法[J].石油物探,2013,52(6):642-649 GUO N M,FENG X M,LI H S.Research on higher-order Laplacian operator denoising method in reverse-time migration[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2013,52(6):642-649
[4] TARANTOLA A.Inversion of seismic reflection data in the acoustic approximation[J].Geophysics,1984,49(8):1259-1266
[5] NEMETH T,WU C,SCHUSTER G T.Least-squares migration of incomplete reflection data[J].Geophysics,1999,64(1):208-221
[6] KUEHL H,SACCHI M D.Least-squares wave-equation migration for AVP/AVA inversion[J].Geophysics,2003,68(1):262-273
[7] 黄建平,薛志广,步长城,等.基于裂步DSR的最小二乘偏移方法[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2014,44(1):369-374HUANG J P,XUE Z G,BU C C,et al.The study of least-squares migration method based on split-step DSR[J].Journal of Jilin University,2014,44(1):369-374
[8] DAI W,SCHUSTER G T.Plane-wave least-squares reverse time migration[J].Geophysics,2013,78(4):S165-S177
[9] DAI W,WANG X,SCHUSTER G T.Least-squares migration of multisource data with a deblurring filter[J].Geophysics,2011,76(5):R135-R146
[10] DAI W,BOONYASIRIWAT C,SCHUSTER G T.3D multi-source least-squares reverse time migration[J].Expanded Abstracts of 80th Annual Internat SEG Mtg,2010:3120-3124
[11] DAI W,FOWLER P,SCHUSTER G T.Multi-source least-squares reverse time migration[J].Geophysical Prospecting,2012,60(4):681-695
[12] 屠宁.基于压缩感知的快速最小二乘逆时偏移[J].石油物探,2018,57(1):86-93 TU N.Fast least-squares reverse-time migration via compressive sensing[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2018,57(1):86-93
[13] 李振春,李闯,黄建平,等.基于先验模型约束的最小二乘逆时偏移方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2016,51(4):738-744LI Z C,LI C,HUANG J P,et al.Regularized least-squares reverse time migration with prior model[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2016,51(4):738-744
[14] 刘玉金,李振春,吴丹,等.局部倾角约束最小二乘偏移方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2013,56(3):1003-1011LIU Y J,LI Z C,WU D,et al.The research on local slope constrained least-squares migration[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2013,56(3):1003-1011
[15] FAN J W,LI Z C,ZHANG K,et al.Multisource least-squares reverse-time migration with structure-oriented filtering[J].Applied Geophysics,2016,13(3):491-499
[16] FOMEL S.Towards the seislet transform[J].Expanded Abstracts of 76th Annual Internat SEG Mtg,2006:2847-2851
[17] DUTTA G.Sparse least-squares reverse time migration using seislets[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,2017,136:142-155
[18] 李庆洋,黄建平,李振春,等.优化的多震源最小二乘逆时偏移[J].石油地球物理勘探,2016,51(2):334-341LI Q Y,HUANG J P,LI Z C,et al.Optimized multi-source least-squares reverse time migration[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2016,51(2):334-341
[19] 李闯,黄建平,李振春,等.平面波最小二乘逆时偏移编码策略分析[J].石油物探,2015,54(5):592-601LI C,HUANG J P,LI Z C,et al.Analysis on the encoding strategies of plane-wave least-square reverse time migration[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2015,54(5):592-601
[20] 李振春,黄金强,黄建平,等.基于平面波加速的VTI介质最小二乘逆时偏移[J].地球物理学报,2017,60(1):240-257LI Z C,HUANG J Q,HUANG J P,et al.Fast least-squares reverse time migration based on plane-wave encoding for VTI media[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2017,60(1):240-257
[21] LI C,HUANG J P,LI Z C,et al.Preconditioned prestack plane-wave least squares reverse time migration with singular spectrum constraint[J].Applied Geophysics,2017,14(1):73-86
[22] LI C,HUANG J P,LI Z C,et al.Plane-wave least-squares reverse time migration with a preconditioned stochastic conjugate gradient method[J].Geophysics,2018,83(1):1-50
[23] 朱峰,黄建平,李振春,等.基于构造滤波的VTI介质平面波最小二乘FFD叠前深度偏移[J].石油地球物理勘探,2018,53(5):932-944ZHU F,HUANG J P,LI Z C,et al.Structure-constrained plane-wave least-squares FFD prestack depth migration for VTI media[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2018,53(5):932-944
[24] LIU Y,FOMEL S,LIU G.Nonlinear structure-enhancing filtering using plane-wave prediction[J].Geophysical Prospecting,2010,58(3):415-427
[25] FOMEL S.Applications of plane-wave destructor filters[J].Geophysics,2002,67(10):1946-1960
[26] 刘洋,王典,刘财,等.基于非平稳相似性系数的构造导向滤波及断层检测方法[J].地球物理学报,2014,57(4):1177-1187LIU Y,WANG D,LIU C,et al.Structure-oriented filtering and fault detection based on nonstationary similarity[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2014,57(4):1177-1187