车辆撞击下圆柱桥墩动态响应影响因素分析
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摘要
随着交通量的高速增长,车辆撞击桥墩事件发生概率大幅提高,造成的危害也日趋严重。目前,我国车辆-桥墩设计撞击力为1000KN,远低于美国现行标准2670KN。采用有限元模拟的方法,研究了软冲击下圆柱桥墩的变形失效模式和侧向撞击力影响因素。结果表明,动态冲击下桥墩将发生双剪切失效模式。墩顶边界条件、墩顶压力和车辆质量三个因素对侧向撞击力影响较小,但随着车辆撞击速度的增大,侧向撞击力将大幅提高。从桥墩防撞安全角度来说,设计合理的桥墩结构以提高吸能性能是关键。另外,动态撞击下产生的实际撞击力峰值达到13000KN,远超美国现行标准。因此,设计撞击力有必要大幅提高。
With traffic rapidly increasing, the probability of vehicle collision with bridge piers rises greatly which induces more serious hazard. Nowadays, Chinese design standard of vehicle-pier collision force is 1000 KN, much smaller than the USA 2670 KN. Using finite element simulation, deformation and failure modes of cylindrical bridge piers and influential factors of lateral impact force of those under soft impact were investigated. It was revealed that double-shear failure mode would occur in the piers under lateral impact load. In addition, such parameters as the top boundary conditions, the axial load level and the vehicle's mass have little influence on transverse impact force. Otherwise, transverse impact force would increase rapidly with vehicle's velocity increasing. As far as anti-collision protection of bridge piers was concerned, it is the key to design optimal pier structures to improve its capacity of energy absorption. In addition, the peak dynamic impact force would achieve 13000 KN, much larger than the USA standard. So, it is very necessary to suggest a sharp rise for collision force standard.
With traffic rapidly increasing, the probability of vehicle collision with bridge piers rises greatly which induces more serious hazard. Nowadays, Chinese design standard of vehicle-pier collision force is 1000 KN, much smaller than the USA 2670 KN. Using finite element simulation, deformation and failure modes of cylindrical bridge piers and influential factors of lateral impact force of those under soft impact were investigated. It was revealed that double-shear failure mode would occur in the piers under lateral impact load. In addition, such parameters as the top boundary conditions, the axial load level and the vehicle's mass have little influence on transverse impact force. Otherwise, transverse impact force would increase rapidly with vehicle's velocity increasing. As far as anti-collision protection of bridge piers was concerned, it is the key to design optimal pier structures to improve its capacity of energy absorption. In addition, the peak dynamic impact force would achieve 13000 KN, much larger than the USA standard. So, it is very necessary to suggest a sharp rise for collision force standard.
引文
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[2]OI ABDELKARIM,MA ELGAWADY.Performance of hollowcore FRP-concrete-steel bridge columns subjected to vehicle collision[J].Engineering Structures,2016,123:517-531.
[3]AASHTO-LRFD.Bridge design specifications-customary USunits[S].Sixth ed.Washington,DC:American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials;2012.
[4]中华人民共和国行业标准.公路桥涵设计通用规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2015.
[5]HMI Thilakarathna,DP Thambiratnam,S Dhanasekar,NJ Perera.Numerical simulation of axially loaded concrete columns under transverse impact and vulnerability assessment[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2010,37(11):1100-1112.
[6]O ABDELKARIM,MA ELGAWADY.Performance of bridge piers under vehicle collision[J].Engineering Structures,2017(140):337-352.
[7]TIN V DO,THONG M PHAM,HONG HAO.Dynamic responses and failure modes of bridge columns under vehicle collision[J].Engineering Structures,2018(156):243-259.
[8]刘明慧,颜全胜.汽车撞击桥墩作用力的比较分析[J].中外公路,2010,30(6):146-149.
[9]朱亚迪,卢文良.小车墩柱撞击力模型试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(21):182-185.
[10]崔堃鹏,夏禾,夏超逸,等.汽车撞击桥墩瞬态撞击力的等效静力计算[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(4):48-53.
[11]PJIRICEK,MFOGLAR.NUMERICAL analysis of a bridge pier subjected to truck impact[J].18thInternational Conference Engineering Mechanics,Svratka,Czech Republic,2012,317:557-568.
[12]AS JOSHI,LM GUPTA.A Simulation Study on Quantifying Da mage in Bridge piers subjected to vehicle collisions[J].Inte rnational Journal of Advanced Structural Engineering,2012,4(8):1-13.
[13]ZHOU D,LI R,WANGJ,GUOC.Study on Impact Behavior and Impact Force of Bridge Pier Subjected to Vehicle Collision[J].Shock and Vibration,2017(18):1-12.
[14]CHEN L,TAWI EI-S,XIAO Y.Reduced Models for Simulating Collisions between Trucks and Bridge Piers[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2016,21(6):4-20.
[15]CHEN L,XIAO Y.Finite Element Analysis of Vehicle Collisions with Bridge Piers[C].National Seismic Conference on Bridges&Highways,2013.
[16]O ABDELKARIM,MA ELGAWADY.Vehicle Collision with Reinforced Concrete Bridge Columns[C].International Workshop on Performance,2015.
[17]EUROCODE 1:Actions on structures-Part 1-1:General actionsDensities,self-weight,imposed loads for buildings,Final Draft prEN[S].1991-01-01,October 2002.