劳动生产率视角下农业供给侧结构性改革路径研究
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摘要
为探索劳动生产率视角下农业供给侧结构性改革的可行路径,在测算和分解农业劳动生产率的基础上,进行跨国比较以借鉴国外经验,结合农业劳动生产率视角的农业供给侧结构性改革的难点,梳理农业供给侧结构性改革的有效路径。结果表明,提高劳动生产率的主要途径包括单位农产品收益、土地生产率和人均土地规模,其中,扩大人均土地规模是农业供给侧改革所不可回避的有效路径,需要通过纵向的专业分工和横向的规模经营"迂回"实现农业劳动生产率的提高以及农业供给侧结构性改革的推进。
In order to explore the feasible paths of agricultural supply side reform from the perspective of labor productivity,agricultural labor productivity is measured,calculated and decomposed.On this basis,the cross-country comparison is in association of foreign experience.In combination with difficulties in agricultural supply side reform from the perspective of agricultural labor productivity,the effective paths for agricultural supply side reform are proposed.The results show that there are three main ways to increase labor productivity:The income of unit agricultural product,land productivity and per capita land scale.Especially,expanding the per capita land scale is an unavoidable effective path for the agricultural supply side reform.It requires a circuitous route of combining vertical division of labor and horizontal scale operation to improve agricultural labor productivity and promote agricultural supply side reform.
In order to explore the feasible paths of agricultural supply side reform from the perspective of labor productivity,agricultural labor productivity is measured,calculated and decomposed.On this basis,the cross-country comparison is in association of foreign experience.In combination with difficulties in agricultural supply side reform from the perspective of agricultural labor productivity,the effective paths for agricultural supply side reform are proposed.The results show that there are three main ways to increase labor productivity:The income of unit agricultural product,land productivity and per capita land scale.Especially,expanding the per capita land scale is an unavoidable effective path for the agricultural supply side reform.It requires a circuitous route of combining vertical division of labor and horizontal scale operation to improve agricultural labor productivity and promote agricultural supply side reform.
引文
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[14]高佳,李世平,宋戈.基于广义多层线性模型的农户土地承包经营权退出意愿[J].中国农业大学学报,2017,22(4):163-170Gao J,Li S P,Song G.Farmers’willingness to quit the rural land contractual management right based on Hierarchical Generalized Linear Model[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2017,22(4):163-170(in Chinese)
[15]杜荪玲,刘黎明,钟源,马聪.我国农村土地经营模式的转型趋势及空间分异特征分析[J].中国农业大学学报,2017,22(1):151-160Du S L,Liu L M,Zhong Y,Ma C.Temporal and spatial trends of farmland management transition in China[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2017,22(1):151-160(in Chinese)
[16]叶兴庆.演进轨迹、困境摆脱与转变我国农业发展方式的政策选择[J].改革,2016(6):22-39Ye X Q.Evolution path,dilemma and policy choice of transformation of agricultural development mode in China[J].Reform,2016(6):22-39(in Chinese)
[17]谢琳,钟文晶,罗必良.“农业共营制”:理论逻辑、实践价值与拓展空间[J].农村经济,2014(11):31-36Xie L,Zhong W J,Luo B L.“Agricultural co-operation system”:Theoretical logic,practical value and space expansion[J].Rural Economy,2014(11):31-36(in Chinese)
[2]蔡昉,王美艳.从穷人经济到规模经济:发展阶段变化对中国农业提出的挑战[J].经济研究,2016,51(5):14-26Cai F,Wang M Y.Challenges facing China's agriculture as it moves towards a new development stage[J].Economic Research Journal,2016,51(5):14-26(in Chinese)
[3]Kuznets S.Economic Growth of Nations:Total Output and Production Structure[M].Cambridge:Belknap Press of Harvard University,1971
[4]Chenery H B.Structural Change and Development Policy[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press,1979
[5]Lewis W A.Economic development with unlimited supply of labor[J].The Manchester School of Economic and Social Studies,1954,22(2):139-191
[6]费景汉,拉尼斯,洪银兴.增长和发展:演进观点[M].北京:商务印书馆,2004Fei J H,Ranis G,Hong Y X.Growth and Development From an Evolutionary Perspective[M].Beijing:Commercial Press,2004(in Chinese)
[7]汪小平.中国农业劳动生产率增长的特点与路径分析[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2007,24(4):14-25Wang X P.An analysis of the characteristics and route of the growth rate of agricultural productivity in China[J].The Journal of Quantitative&Technical Economics,2007,24(4):14-25(in Chinese)
[8]朱满德,程国强.中国农业政策:支持水平、补贴效应与结构特征[J].管理世界,2011(7):52-60Zhu M D,Cheng G Q.Agricultural policy in China:Level of support,subsidy effect and structural characteristics[J].Management World,2011(7):52-60(in Chinese)
[9]Hayami,Y,Ruttan V W.Agriculture Development an International Perspective[M].Baltimore:The John Hopkins University Press,1985
[10]王欧,杨进.农业补贴对中国农户粮食的影响[J].中国农村经济,2014(5):20-28Wang O,Yang J.Effects of agricultural subsidies on the grain of Chinese farmers[J].Chinese Rural Economy,2014(5):20-28(in Chinese)
[11]罗必良.农地流转的市场逻辑:“产权强度-禀赋效应-交易装置”的分析线索及案例研究[J].南方经济,2014(5):1-24Luo B L.Market Logic of farmland circulation:“Strength of property rights-endowment effect-transaction configuration”as a clue and case study[J].South China Journal of Economics,2014(5):1-24(in Chinese)
[12]罗必良.农地确权、交易含义与农业经营方式转型[J].中国农村经济,2016(11):2-16.Luo B L.Agrarian right,transaction meaning and transformation of agricultural management mode[J].Chinese Rural Economy,2016(11):2-16(in Chinese)
[13]孔祥智.农业供给侧结构性改革的基本内涵与政策建议[J].改革,2016(2):104-115Kong X Z.The basic connotation and policy suggestions on the structural reform of agricultural supply side[J].Reform,2016(2):104-115(in Chinese)
[14]高佳,李世平,宋戈.基于广义多层线性模型的农户土地承包经营权退出意愿[J].中国农业大学学报,2017,22(4):163-170Gao J,Li S P,Song G.Farmers’willingness to quit the rural land contractual management right based on Hierarchical Generalized Linear Model[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2017,22(4):163-170(in Chinese)
[15]杜荪玲,刘黎明,钟源,马聪.我国农村土地经营模式的转型趋势及空间分异特征分析[J].中国农业大学学报,2017,22(1):151-160Du S L,Liu L M,Zhong Y,Ma C.Temporal and spatial trends of farmland management transition in China[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2017,22(1):151-160(in Chinese)
[16]叶兴庆.演进轨迹、困境摆脱与转变我国农业发展方式的政策选择[J].改革,2016(6):22-39Ye X Q.Evolution path,dilemma and policy choice of transformation of agricultural development mode in China[J].Reform,2016(6):22-39(in Chinese)
[17]谢琳,钟文晶,罗必良.“农业共营制”:理论逻辑、实践价值与拓展空间[J].农村经济,2014(11):31-36Xie L,Zhong W J,Luo B L.“Agricultural co-operation system”:Theoretical logic,practical value and space expansion[J].Rural Economy,2014(11):31-36(in Chinese)