辐射诱变及其在大豆育种中的应用
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摘要
辐射诱变是创制大豆种质资源和选育新品种的有效途径。本文简要阐述了辐射诱变育种的基本原理和常用的诱变源,从表型水平、生理水平和分子水平3个方面总结了大豆辐射诱变的主要生物学效应,概述了国内外大豆诱变育种中诱变后代的筛选方法和主要突变类型的研究进展,讨论分析了大豆诱变育种工作中的难点,提出了辐射育种及其技术今后需要加强的几个方面,以期明确辐射诱变的作用机理,推进辐射诱变在大豆品种选育中的广泛应用。
Mutation induced by irradiation is an effective method for both creating germplasm resources and developing new varieties in soybean. In this paper,we briefly elaborated basic principle of irradiation-induced mutation breeding and the commonly used mutagenic agents. We summarized the main biological effects of soybean radiation mutation breeding at phenotypic level,physiological level and molecular level. Technical methods in identifying and screening target mutants in mutated offsprings and research progress of main type mutants in soybean by irradiation-induced mutation were overviewed. Problems to be solved in soybean mutation breeding were also discussed. We highlighted several issues that require further investigation with aims in understanding the mechanisms of irradiation-induced mutation and promoting its extensive application in soybean breeding.
Mutation induced by irradiation is an effective method for both creating germplasm resources and developing new varieties in soybean. In this paper,we briefly elaborated basic principle of irradiation-induced mutation breeding and the commonly used mutagenic agents. We summarized the main biological effects of soybean radiation mutation breeding at phenotypic level,physiological level and molecular level. Technical methods in identifying and screening target mutants in mutated offsprings and research progress of main type mutants in soybean by irradiation-induced mutation were overviewed. Problems to be solved in soybean mutation breeding were also discussed. We highlighted several issues that require further investigation with aims in understanding the mechanisms of irradiation-induced mutation and promoting its extensive application in soybean breeding.
引文
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