龙岩市新罗区水泥行业疑似职业性噪声聋影响因素
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摘要
目的探索水泥行业疑似职业性噪声聋(ONID)的影响因素,为龙岩市新罗区水泥行业的ONID防治提供科学依据。方法回顾性分析龙岩市新罗区疾病预防控制中心(疾控中心)696名水泥行业噪声作业人员在岗期间职业健康检查相关资料,采用单因素分析、多因素非条件logistic二元回归分析探索疑似ONID的影响因素。结果水泥行业噪声作业人员疑似ONID检出率为2.59%,年龄、文化程度、接噪工龄、噪声强度、有无每天上班佩戴降噪耳塞5个因素的疑似ONID检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。疑似ONID检出率随着接噪强度、接噪工龄的增加而增加,呈剂量效应关系(χ~2_(趋势)=10.046、35.930,均P<0.05),OR(95%CI)分别为4.881(1.443～16.512)和5.986(1.770～20.243)。结论龙岩市新罗区水泥行业是ONID发生的高危行业,年龄是疑似ONID的混杂因素,文化程度、有无每天上班佩戴降噪耳塞是影响疑似ONID发生的潜在混杂因素,接噪工龄和噪声强度是水泥行业疑似ONID的独立危险因素。
[Objective]To explore the influencing factors of suspected occupational noise deafness(ONID) in cement industry,and provide scientific basis for preventing and control of ONID in cement industry.[Methods]The occupational health examination data of 696 noise workers in cement industry in Xinluo CDC were analyzed retrospectively.The influencing factors of suspected ONID were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis.[Results]The detection rate of suspected ONID among noise workers in the cement industry was 2.59%.There were significant differences in the detection rate of suspected ONID for age,education,length of service in noise,noise intensity,and whether or not wearing noise-reducing earplugs at work every day(P<0.05).The detection rate of suspected ONID increased with the increasing of noise intensity and the length of service,showing a dose-effect relationship(χ~2_(trend)=10.046,35.930,all P<0.05).The OR(95%CI) were 4.881(1.443-16.512) and 5.986(1.770-20.243) respectively.[Conclusion]The cement industry is a high-risk industry of ONID.Age is a confounding factor of suspected ONID.The degree of education and whether or not to wear noise-reducing earplugs at work every day are potential confounding factors for suspected ONID.Noising length of service and noise intensity are independent risk factors for suspected ONID in cement industry.
[Objective]To explore the influencing factors of suspected occupational noise deafness(ONID) in cement industry,and provide scientific basis for preventing and control of ONID in cement industry.[Methods]The occupational health examination data of 696 noise workers in cement industry in Xinluo CDC were analyzed retrospectively.The influencing factors of suspected ONID were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis.[Results]The detection rate of suspected ONID among noise workers in the cement industry was 2.59%.There were significant differences in the detection rate of suspected ONID for age,education,length of service in noise,noise intensity,and whether or not wearing noise-reducing earplugs at work every day(P<0.05).The detection rate of suspected ONID increased with the increasing of noise intensity and the length of service,showing a dose-effect relationship(χ~2_(trend)=10.046,35.930,all P<0.05).The OR(95%CI) were 4.881(1.443-16.512) and 5.986(1.770-20.243) respectively.[Conclusion]The cement industry is a high-risk industry of ONID.Age is a confounding factor of suspected ONID.The degree of education and whether or not to wear noise-reducing earplugs at work every day are potential confounding factors for suspected ONID.Noising length of service and noise intensity are independent risk factors for suspected ONID in cement industry.
引文
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[3]邬堂春.职业卫生与职业医学[M].8版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2017:217-220.
[4]石磊,张星.噪声对人体健康影响研究进展[J].中国职业医学,2015,42(2):225-228.
[5]邹倜然,任少凡.浙江:职业性噪声聋呈快速增长趋势[N].工人日报,2018-5-15(005).
[6]曹应琼,他卉,何琳,等.2006—2016年四川省职业性噪声聋发病特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(8):1372-1375.
[7]周珊宇,温贤忠,李旭东,等.广东省2011—2015年新发职业性噪声聋流行病学特征[J].中国职业医学,2017,44(6):737-744.
[8]中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会.职业健康监护技术规范:GBZ 188-2014[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014:70-71.
[9]中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会.职业性噪声聋的诊断:GBZ 49-2014[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014:1-3.
[10]李志辉,罗平.SPSS常用统计分析教程[M]. 4版.北京:电子工业出版社,2015:166-168.
[11]邱毅,杨超敏,陈小红,等.广西现代水泥企业职业性噪声接触与听力损伤流行病学研究[J].中国职业医学,2014,41(1):69-72.
[12]邱奕冰,邱星元,边寰锋,等.噪声作业工人疑似职业性噪声聋影响因素分析[J].中国职业医学,2018,45(1):66-70.
[13]王艳玲.噪声与其他职业病危害因素的联合作用[J].职业与健康,2014,30(7):990-992.
[14]岑永庄,邓燕君,刘新霞.噪声作业所致工人职业性听力损失风险回顾性队列研究[J].中国公共卫生,2016,32(5):642-645.
[15]银炯,李敬杰,王婷,等.太原市社区中老年人听力损失及影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生,2009,25(6):708-709.