木纤维/碳纳米管复合无胶纤维板的制备及其性能
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摘要
为降低室内电磁波污染现象,在人们广泛应用的纤维板上复合具有吸波性能的碳纳米管,通过胶磨和热压的方法制备木纤维/碳纳米管复合无胶纤维板。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和傅里叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)对复合材料的形貌结构进行表征。结果表明:木纤维经过胶磨分层,复合材料经过热压出现层状结构;碳纳米管已成功附着于木纤维表面;在26.6°出现碳纳米管(006)的特征峰;木纤维和碳纳米管之间以酯键和氢键的方式进行连接。复合材料与无胶纤维板相比,静曲强度和弹性模量分别提高了约100%和20%。复合材料在厚度5 mm、频率9.8 GHz,到厚度3.5 mm、频率16.7 GHz范围内,反射损耗出现最低峰-7.3 d B。碳纳米管赋予了复合材料良好的导电性,其电导率为0.715 S/m。
Fiberboard is widely used in all aspects of interior decoration,and the research of binderless fiberboard is a hot-spot. With the rapid development of wireless communications indoors and outdoors,the electromagnetic interference( EMI) pollution has become much more serious. In order to reduce the electromagnetic interference pollution in the room,we integrated carbon nanotubes with microwave absorption properties on fiber boards. Thus,the wood fiber/carbon nanotube composite binderless fiberboard was fabricated successfully through grinding and hot-pressing methods. The morphology and structure of the composite were characterized by the scanning electron microscope( SEM),transmission electron microscope( TEM),X-ray diffraction( XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy( FT-IR). The results of SEM images showed that the wood fiber was laminated by the grinding and the composite material appeared layered structure by hot-pressing. The results of TEM images illustrated that the carbon nanotubes were successfully attached on the lignocelluloses surface. The XRD patterns presented that the characteristic peak of carbon nanotubes( 006) appeared at 26.6°. The FT-IR spectra displayed that the wood fiber and carbon nanotubes were connected by ester bonds and hydrogen bonds. The results of mechanical property tests showed that the modulus of rupture( MOR) and modulus of elasticity( MOE) of the composite material increased by about 100% and 20%comparing with the binderless fiberboard. The results of electromagnetic absorption property showed that the composite material had the lowest reflection loss peak at-7.3 dB in the range of 3.5-5.0 mm in thickness and 9.8-16.7 GHz in frequency. The results of the electrical conductivity test revealed that the carbon nanotubes imparted good conductivity to the composite material and the conductivity was 0.715 S/m. Therefore,the results of this study will provide a functional material with high strength,good conductive and electromagnetic shielding properties in the field of interior decoration.
Fiberboard is widely used in all aspects of interior decoration,and the research of binderless fiberboard is a hot-spot. With the rapid development of wireless communications indoors and outdoors,the electromagnetic interference( EMI) pollution has become much more serious. In order to reduce the electromagnetic interference pollution in the room,we integrated carbon nanotubes with microwave absorption properties on fiber boards. Thus,the wood fiber/carbon nanotube composite binderless fiberboard was fabricated successfully through grinding and hot-pressing methods. The morphology and structure of the composite were characterized by the scanning electron microscope( SEM),transmission electron microscope( TEM),X-ray diffraction( XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy( FT-IR). The results of SEM images showed that the wood fiber was laminated by the grinding and the composite material appeared layered structure by hot-pressing. The results of TEM images illustrated that the carbon nanotubes were successfully attached on the lignocelluloses surface. The XRD patterns presented that the characteristic peak of carbon nanotubes( 006) appeared at 26.6°. The FT-IR spectra displayed that the wood fiber and carbon nanotubes were connected by ester bonds and hydrogen bonds. The results of mechanical property tests showed that the modulus of rupture( MOR) and modulus of elasticity( MOE) of the composite material increased by about 100% and 20%comparing with the binderless fiberboard. The results of electromagnetic absorption property showed that the composite material had the lowest reflection loss peak at-7.3 dB in the range of 3.5-5.0 mm in thickness and 9.8-16.7 GHz in frequency. The results of the electrical conductivity test revealed that the carbon nanotubes imparted good conductivity to the composite material and the conductivity was 0.715 S/m. Therefore,the results of this study will provide a functional material with high strength,good conductive and electromagnetic shielding properties in the field of interior decoration.
引文
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[12]WANG H W,YAO Q F,WANG C,et al.Hydrothermal synthesis of nanooctahedra Mn Fe2O4onto the wood surface with soft magnetism,fire resistance and electromagnetic wave absorption[J].Nanomaterials,2017,7(6):1-11.
[13]陈光华,黄少文,易小顺.电磁屏蔽材料与吸波材料的性能测试方法及进展[J].兵器材料科学与工程,2010,33(2):103-107.CHEN G H,HUANG S W,YI X S.Progress in performance testing method of electromagnetic shielding and absorbing materials[J].Ordnance Material Science and Engineering,2010,33(2):103-107.
[14]赵东林,沈曾民,迟伟东.炭纤维及其复合材料的吸波性能和吸波机理[J].新型炭材料,2001,16(2):66-72.ZHAO D L,SHEN Z M,CHI W D.Radar absorption property and mechanism of carbon fiber and carbon fiber composites[J].New Carbon Materials,2001,16(2):66-72.
[15]姚晓林,徐高祥,刘盛全.金属镍木材复合材料的制备及其性能研究[J].功能材料,2013,44(13):1964-1968.YAO X L,XU G X,LIU S Q.The research of preparation and properties of nickel wood composites[J].Journal of Functional Materials,2013,44(13):1964-1968.
[2]王欣,周定国.我国人造板原材料的创新与可持续发展[J].林业科技开发,2009,23(1):5-9.WANG X,ZHOU D G.Development and innovation of woodbased panel materials in China[J].China Forestry Science and Technology,2009,23(1):5-9.
[3]刘杨,杨洁,赵方.人造板生产中的无胶胶合技术的研究与发展前景[J].木材加工机械,2011,22(2):35-39.LIU Y,YANG J,ZHAO F.Study and development on self-bonding technology in wood based panel production[J].Wood Processing Machinery,2011,22(2):35-39.
[4]杜安磊,谢力生,唐忠荣.无胶人造板的研究进展与展望[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2012,32(1):130-133.DU A L,XIE L S,TANG Z R.Research status and prospect of binderless board[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology,2012,32(1):130-133.
[5]SHIM B S,ZHU J,JAN E,et al.Multiparameter structural optimization of single-walled carbon nanotube composites:toward record strength,stiffness,and toughness[J].ACS Nano,2009,3(7):1711-1722.
[6]AJAYAN P M,SCHADLER L S,GIANNARIS C,et al.Singlewalled carbon nanotube-polymer composites:strength and weakness[J].Advanced Materials,2000,12(10):750-753.
[7]WANG B M,GUO Z Q,HAN Y,et al.Electromagnetic wave absorbing properties of multi-walled carbon nanotube/cement composites[J].Construction and Building Materials,2013,46:98-103.
[8]WANG Q Q,ZHU J Y,GLEISNER R,et al.Morphological development of cellulose fibrils of a bleached eucalyptus pulp by mechanical fibrillation[J].Cellulose,2012,19(5):1631-1643.
[9]金春德,李景鹏,杨巍,等.制造无胶纤维板过程中木纤维形态特征及化学特性——以酸性蒸气蒸煮热磨制造方法为例[J].东北林业大学学报,2014,42(2):104-107.JIN C D,LI J P,YANG W,et al.Morphological characteristics and chemical properties of wood fiber in the binderless fiberboard during the manufacture process with the acidic steam steaming hot mill method[J].Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2014,42(2):104-107.
[10]CHENG Q,LI M,JIANG L,et al.Bioinspired layered composites based on flattened double-walled carbon nanotubes[J].Advanced Materials,2012,24(14):1838-1843.
[11]曹忠荣,郭文莉,闫昊鹏.干法无胶纤维板粘合机理的研究Ⅲ.木材主要化学成分的影响[J].木材工业,1996,10(6):3-5.CAO Z R,GUO W L,YAN H P.Studies on bonding mechanism of dry-process binderless fiberboard PartⅢ.Effect of main chemical composition of wood[J].China Wood Industry,1996,10(6):3-5.
[12]WANG H W,YAO Q F,WANG C,et al.Hydrothermal synthesis of nanooctahedra Mn Fe2O4onto the wood surface with soft magnetism,fire resistance and electromagnetic wave absorption[J].Nanomaterials,2017,7(6):1-11.
[13]陈光华,黄少文,易小顺.电磁屏蔽材料与吸波材料的性能测试方法及进展[J].兵器材料科学与工程,2010,33(2):103-107.CHEN G H,HUANG S W,YI X S.Progress in performance testing method of electromagnetic shielding and absorbing materials[J].Ordnance Material Science and Engineering,2010,33(2):103-107.
[14]赵东林,沈曾民,迟伟东.炭纤维及其复合材料的吸波性能和吸波机理[J].新型炭材料,2001,16(2):66-72.ZHAO D L,SHEN Z M,CHI W D.Radar absorption property and mechanism of carbon fiber and carbon fiber composites[J].New Carbon Materials,2001,16(2):66-72.
[15]姚晓林,徐高祥,刘盛全.金属镍木材复合材料的制备及其性能研究[J].功能材料,2013,44(13):1964-1968.YAO X L,XU G X,LIU S Q.The research of preparation and properties of nickel wood composites[J].Journal of Functional Materials,2013,44(13):1964-1968.