微藻油的提取与功能研究进展
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摘要
海洋微藻中富含多种功能性特异的脂类物质,其提取方法和功能特性逐渐受到研究者的关注。本文综述物理法、化学法、物理化学法、生物法四种微藻油提取方法及其优缺点;阐述了微藻油中二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和角鲨烯的抗肿瘤、降血脂、增强智力、预防心血管疾病等功能;介绍了微藻油在食品、医药和养殖业的应用;提出了微藻油提取技术及其功能特性的发展趋势,并展望了微藻油的应用前景。
There are abundant of functional lipids in the microalgae oil. The main extraction methods and its functional characteristics were gradually emphasized by researchers. This article reviewed the main extraction methods of microalgae oil (physical method,chemical method,physical-chemical method,and biological method) and both of their advantages and disadvantages.The functions of DHA,EPA and squalene in microalgae oil were described,including anti-tumor,hypolipidemic,intellectual enhancement,prevention of cardiovascular diseases,etc. The application of microalgae oil in food,medicine and aquaculture was introduced. Finally,the development trend of microalgae oil extraction technology and its functional characteristics were outlined,and the application prospect of microalgae oil was also prospected.
There are abundant of functional lipids in the microalgae oil. The main extraction methods and its functional characteristics were gradually emphasized by researchers. This article reviewed the main extraction methods of microalgae oil (physical method,chemical method,physical-chemical method,and biological method) and both of their advantages and disadvantages.The functions of DHA,EPA and squalene in microalgae oil were described,including anti-tumor,hypolipidemic,intellectual enhancement,prevention of cardiovascular diseases,etc. The application of microalgae oil in food,medicine and aquaculture was introduced. Finally,the development trend of microalgae oil extraction technology and its functional characteristics were outlined,and the application prospect of microalgae oil was also prospected.
引文
[1]焦媛媛.海洋微藻快速生长及油脂富集技术的初步研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2010.
[2]秦昌蓉.富油微藻中油脂的提取及DHA富集纯化的研究[D].天津:天津大学,2010.
[3]何东平,陈涛.微生物油脂学[M].化学工业出版社,2006:42-43.
[4]Spolaore P,Joannis-Cassan C,Duran E,et al.Commercia applications of microalgae[J].Journal of Bioscience&Bioengineering,2006,101(2):87-96.
[5]张琳,吴世锴.几种海藻油萃取技术的研究进展[J].海洋科学前沿,2016,3(4):146-152.
[6]翟映雪,梁成伟,张伟,等.微藻油脂的研究进展[J].食品工业科技,2014,35(17):370-375.
[7]Mata T M,Martins,António A,Caetano N S.Microalgae for biodiesel production and other applications:A review[J].Renewable&Sustainable Energy Reviews,2010,14(1):217-232.
[8]荣辉,吴兵兵,杨贤庆,等.水酶法提取生物油脂的研究进展[J].食品工业科技,2017,38(2):374-378.
[9]曲孟.海水小球藻絮凝采收与藻油提取工艺的初步试验研究[D].大连:大连海洋大学,2014.
[10]翟量,沈立荣.富含EPA微藻油超声波辅助溶剂法提取工艺优化及脂肪酸成分分析[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2016,7(2):809-815.
[11]Miao X,Wu Q.Biodiesel production from heterotrophic microalgal oil[J].Bioresource Technology,2006,97(6):841-846.
[12]全文琴.ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸甘油酯富集的研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2008.
[13]王萌,陈章和.藻类生物柴油研究现状与展望[J].生命科学,2011(1):121-126.
[14]Kim D Y,Vijayan D,Praveenkumar R,et al.Cell-wall disruption and lipid/astaxanthin extraction from microalgae:Chlorella and Haematococcus[J].Bioresource Technology,2016,199:300.
[15]Lee S Y,Cho J M,Chang Y K,et al.Cell disruption and lipid extraction for microalgal biorefineries:A review[J].Bioresource Technology,2017:244.
[16]Choi S A,Oh Y K,Jeong M J,et al.Effects of ionic liquid mixtures on lipid extraction from Chlorella vulgaris[J].Renewable Energy,2014,65(5):169-174.
[17]Lee O K,Kim Y H,Na J G,et al.Highly efficient extraction and lipase-catalyzed transesterification of triglycerides from Chlorella sp.KR-1 for production of biodiesel[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,147(7):240-245.
[18]Dos Santos R R,Moreira D M,Kunigami C N,et al.Comparison between several methods of total lipid extraction from Chlorella vulgaris biomass[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2015,22:95-99.
[19]Lee I,Han J I.Simultaneous treatment(cell disruption and lipid extraction)of wet microalgae using hydrodynamic cavitation for enhancing the lipid yield[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,186:246-251.
[20]Park J Y,Oh Y K,Lee J S,et al.Acid-catalyzed hot-water extraction of lipids from Chlorella vulgaris[J].Bioresource Technology,2014,153(2):408-412.
[21]刘颖.产油微藻提取油脂[D].北京:北京化工大学,2012.
[22]Piasecka A,Krzemi1ska I,Tys J.Physical methods of microalgal biomass pretreatment[J].International Agrophysics,2014,28(3):341-348.
[23]Cheng J,Sun J,Huang Y,et al.Dynamic microstructures and fractal characterization of cell wall disruption for microwave irradiation-assisted lipid extraction from wet microalgae[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,150(4):67.
[24]徐椿慧,王冬梅,齐富刚,等.超声波-微波协同萃取法提取海藻中的有效成分[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(7):271-272.
[25]Jahanshahi M,Sun Y,Santos E,et al.Operational intensification by direct product sequestration from cell disruptates:Application of a pellicular adsorbent in a mechanically integrated disruption-fluidised bed adsorption process[J].Biotechnology and Bioengineering,2002,80(2):201-212.
[26]孙珊.富油微藻筛选及油脂组分与影响因素研究[D].青岛:青岛科技大学,2009.
[27]Taleb A.Screening of freshwater and seawater microalgae strains in fully controlled photobioreactors for biodiesel production[J].Bioresour Technol,2016,218:480-490.
[28]Santos R R D,Moreira D M,Kunigami C N,et al.Comparison between several methods of total lipid extraction from Chlorella vulgaris,biomass[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2015,22:95-99.
[29]Neto P,Maria A,Souza S D,et al.Improvement in microalgae lipid extraction using a sonication-assisted method[J].Renewable Energy,2013,55(4):525-531.
[30]Wang G,Wang T.Lipid and biomass distribution and recovery from two microalgae by aqueous and alcohol processing[J].Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society,2012,89(2):335-345.
[31]吴兵兵,荣辉,杨贤庆,等.两步酶法提取裂壶藻油的工艺优化[J].食品工业科技,2017(24):84-88.
[32]张雨倩,张婧嫣,杨淑暖,等.海洋微藻藻油的提取工艺研究[J].食品工程,2016(1):56-58.
[33]荣辉,吴兵兵,杨贤庆,等.响应面优化水酶法提取裂壶藻油的工艺[J].中国油脂,2018,43(2):98-103.
[34]邓春芳,崔岩,章莹颖,等.不同溶藻菌对小球藻破碎及油脂提取效果的影响[J].中国油脂,2017,42(7):106-110.
[35]Chen C Y,Bai M D,Chang J S.Improving microalgal oil collecting efficiency by pretreating the microalgal cell wall with destructive bacteria[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,2013,81(50):170-176.
[36]章莹颖,邓春芳,崔岩,等.不同方法对微藻细胞破碎及油脂提取效果的影响[J].中国油脂,2016,41(3):61-65.
[37]Kim S C,Adesogan A T,Badinga L,et al.Effects of dietary n-6:n-3 fatty acid ratio on feed intake,digestibility,and fatty acid profiles of the ruminal contents,liver,and muscle of growing lambs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2007,85(3):706.
[38]董诗婷,陈弘培,赵慧,等.海洋生物功能性脂类的研究进展[J].农产品加工,2017(13):59-64.
[39]王明清,迟晓元,秦松,等.海洋微藻总脂含量和脂肪酸组成的测定[J].中国油脂,2008,33(11):67-70.
[40]石金娥,翟玉娟,李媛媛,等.GC-MS测定藻油中DHA、DPA及其他微量成分[J].中国食物与营养,2015,21(8):69-71.
[41]胡爱军,丘泰球,梁汉华,等.海藻EPA、DHA含量及分离浓缩方法[J].海洋通报,2002,21(2):84-91.
[42]荣辉.几种海藻活性物质的分离纯化研究[D].厦门:厦门大学,2012.
[43]司华静,黄巍峰,李建平.DHA藻油在花生油中的应用研究[J].现代食品科技,2011,27(9):1134-1136.
[44]黄巍峰,郑晓辉,曾远平,等.DHA藻油对酸奶品质的影响[J].现代食品科技,2013(7):1615-1619.
[45]Stordy B J.Dark adaptation,motor skills,docosahexaenoic acid and dyslexia[J].American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,2000,71(1):323.
[46]Nelson G J,Schmidt P C,Bartolini G L,et al.The effect of dietary docosahexaenoic acid on plasma lipoproteins and tissue fatty acid composition in humans[J].Lipids,1997,32(11):1137-1146.
[47]代荣阳,陈润,周志远.DHA和EPA的抗炎及免疫调节功能[J].西南医科大学学报,2004,27(1):83-84.
[48]刘敬华,林彬,曹景玉,等.二十碳五烯酸对人肝癌Hep G2细胞生长作用的实验研究[J].肝胆外科杂志,2009,17(3):226-228.
[49]代志凯,李祥清,马金萍,等.植物角鲨烯提取研究进展[J].粮食与饲料工业,2017,12(6):27-31.
[50]石金娥,王莹,王庆峰,等.GC-MS测定藻油中角鲨烯含量[J].中国油脂,2015,40(4):90-94.
[51]官波,郑文诚.角鲨烯提取纯化及其应用[J].粮食与油脂,2010(2):44-46.
[52]Liu Y,Xu X,Bi D,et al.Influence of squalene feeding on plasma leptin,testosterone and blood pressure in rats[J].Indian Journal of Medical Research,2009,129(2):150-153.
[53]邱春媚,殷光玲.角鲨烯软胶囊提高缺氧耐受力的研究[J].中国粮油学报,2013,28(2):52-54.
[54]鲍建民.多不饱和脂肪酸的生理功能及安全性[J].中国食物与营养,2006(1):45-46.
[55]张琦,李明春,孙红妍,等.ω-6脂肪酸脱氢酶的分子生物学研究进展[J].生物工程学报,2004,20(3):319-324.
[56]江木兰,黄凤洪.油脂微藻的研究进展[J].中国油料作物学报,2010,32(4):571-576.
[2]秦昌蓉.富油微藻中油脂的提取及DHA富集纯化的研究[D].天津:天津大学,2010.
[3]何东平,陈涛.微生物油脂学[M].化学工业出版社,2006:42-43.
[4]Spolaore P,Joannis-Cassan C,Duran E,et al.Commercia applications of microalgae[J].Journal of Bioscience&Bioengineering,2006,101(2):87-96.
[5]张琳,吴世锴.几种海藻油萃取技术的研究进展[J].海洋科学前沿,2016,3(4):146-152.
[6]翟映雪,梁成伟,张伟,等.微藻油脂的研究进展[J].食品工业科技,2014,35(17):370-375.
[7]Mata T M,Martins,António A,Caetano N S.Microalgae for biodiesel production and other applications:A review[J].Renewable&Sustainable Energy Reviews,2010,14(1):217-232.
[8]荣辉,吴兵兵,杨贤庆,等.水酶法提取生物油脂的研究进展[J].食品工业科技,2017,38(2):374-378.
[9]曲孟.海水小球藻絮凝采收与藻油提取工艺的初步试验研究[D].大连:大连海洋大学,2014.
[10]翟量,沈立荣.富含EPA微藻油超声波辅助溶剂法提取工艺优化及脂肪酸成分分析[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2016,7(2):809-815.
[11]Miao X,Wu Q.Biodiesel production from heterotrophic microalgal oil[J].Bioresource Technology,2006,97(6):841-846.
[12]全文琴.ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸甘油酯富集的研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2008.
[13]王萌,陈章和.藻类生物柴油研究现状与展望[J].生命科学,2011(1):121-126.
[14]Kim D Y,Vijayan D,Praveenkumar R,et al.Cell-wall disruption and lipid/astaxanthin extraction from microalgae:Chlorella and Haematococcus[J].Bioresource Technology,2016,199:300.
[15]Lee S Y,Cho J M,Chang Y K,et al.Cell disruption and lipid extraction for microalgal biorefineries:A review[J].Bioresource Technology,2017:244.
[16]Choi S A,Oh Y K,Jeong M J,et al.Effects of ionic liquid mixtures on lipid extraction from Chlorella vulgaris[J].Renewable Energy,2014,65(5):169-174.
[17]Lee O K,Kim Y H,Na J G,et al.Highly efficient extraction and lipase-catalyzed transesterification of triglycerides from Chlorella sp.KR-1 for production of biodiesel[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,147(7):240-245.
[18]Dos Santos R R,Moreira D M,Kunigami C N,et al.Comparison between several methods of total lipid extraction from Chlorella vulgaris biomass[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2015,22:95-99.
[19]Lee I,Han J I.Simultaneous treatment(cell disruption and lipid extraction)of wet microalgae using hydrodynamic cavitation for enhancing the lipid yield[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,186:246-251.
[20]Park J Y,Oh Y K,Lee J S,et al.Acid-catalyzed hot-water extraction of lipids from Chlorella vulgaris[J].Bioresource Technology,2014,153(2):408-412.
[21]刘颖.产油微藻提取油脂[D].北京:北京化工大学,2012.
[22]Piasecka A,Krzemi1ska I,Tys J.Physical methods of microalgal biomass pretreatment[J].International Agrophysics,2014,28(3):341-348.
[23]Cheng J,Sun J,Huang Y,et al.Dynamic microstructures and fractal characterization of cell wall disruption for microwave irradiation-assisted lipid extraction from wet microalgae[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,150(4):67.
[24]徐椿慧,王冬梅,齐富刚,等.超声波-微波协同萃取法提取海藻中的有效成分[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(7):271-272.
[25]Jahanshahi M,Sun Y,Santos E,et al.Operational intensification by direct product sequestration from cell disruptates:Application of a pellicular adsorbent in a mechanically integrated disruption-fluidised bed adsorption process[J].Biotechnology and Bioengineering,2002,80(2):201-212.
[26]孙珊.富油微藻筛选及油脂组分与影响因素研究[D].青岛:青岛科技大学,2009.
[27]Taleb A.Screening of freshwater and seawater microalgae strains in fully controlled photobioreactors for biodiesel production[J].Bioresour Technol,2016,218:480-490.
[28]Santos R R D,Moreira D M,Kunigami C N,et al.Comparison between several methods of total lipid extraction from Chlorella vulgaris,biomass[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2015,22:95-99.
[29]Neto P,Maria A,Souza S D,et al.Improvement in microalgae lipid extraction using a sonication-assisted method[J].Renewable Energy,2013,55(4):525-531.
[30]Wang G,Wang T.Lipid and biomass distribution and recovery from two microalgae by aqueous and alcohol processing[J].Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society,2012,89(2):335-345.
[31]吴兵兵,荣辉,杨贤庆,等.两步酶法提取裂壶藻油的工艺优化[J].食品工业科技,2017(24):84-88.
[32]张雨倩,张婧嫣,杨淑暖,等.海洋微藻藻油的提取工艺研究[J].食品工程,2016(1):56-58.
[33]荣辉,吴兵兵,杨贤庆,等.响应面优化水酶法提取裂壶藻油的工艺[J].中国油脂,2018,43(2):98-103.
[34]邓春芳,崔岩,章莹颖,等.不同溶藻菌对小球藻破碎及油脂提取效果的影响[J].中国油脂,2017,42(7):106-110.
[35]Chen C Y,Bai M D,Chang J S.Improving microalgal oil collecting efficiency by pretreating the microalgal cell wall with destructive bacteria[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,2013,81(50):170-176.
[36]章莹颖,邓春芳,崔岩,等.不同方法对微藻细胞破碎及油脂提取效果的影响[J].中国油脂,2016,41(3):61-65.
[37]Kim S C,Adesogan A T,Badinga L,et al.Effects of dietary n-6:n-3 fatty acid ratio on feed intake,digestibility,and fatty acid profiles of the ruminal contents,liver,and muscle of growing lambs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2007,85(3):706.
[38]董诗婷,陈弘培,赵慧,等.海洋生物功能性脂类的研究进展[J].农产品加工,2017(13):59-64.
[39]王明清,迟晓元,秦松,等.海洋微藻总脂含量和脂肪酸组成的测定[J].中国油脂,2008,33(11):67-70.
[40]石金娥,翟玉娟,李媛媛,等.GC-MS测定藻油中DHA、DPA及其他微量成分[J].中国食物与营养,2015,21(8):69-71.
[41]胡爱军,丘泰球,梁汉华,等.海藻EPA、DHA含量及分离浓缩方法[J].海洋通报,2002,21(2):84-91.
[42]荣辉.几种海藻活性物质的分离纯化研究[D].厦门:厦门大学,2012.
[43]司华静,黄巍峰,李建平.DHA藻油在花生油中的应用研究[J].现代食品科技,2011,27(9):1134-1136.
[44]黄巍峰,郑晓辉,曾远平,等.DHA藻油对酸奶品质的影响[J].现代食品科技,2013(7):1615-1619.
[45]Stordy B J.Dark adaptation,motor skills,docosahexaenoic acid and dyslexia[J].American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,2000,71(1):323.
[46]Nelson G J,Schmidt P C,Bartolini G L,et al.The effect of dietary docosahexaenoic acid on plasma lipoproteins and tissue fatty acid composition in humans[J].Lipids,1997,32(11):1137-1146.
[47]代荣阳,陈润,周志远.DHA和EPA的抗炎及免疫调节功能[J].西南医科大学学报,2004,27(1):83-84.
[48]刘敬华,林彬,曹景玉,等.二十碳五烯酸对人肝癌Hep G2细胞生长作用的实验研究[J].肝胆外科杂志,2009,17(3):226-228.
[49]代志凯,李祥清,马金萍,等.植物角鲨烯提取研究进展[J].粮食与饲料工业,2017,12(6):27-31.
[50]石金娥,王莹,王庆峰,等.GC-MS测定藻油中角鲨烯含量[J].中国油脂,2015,40(4):90-94.
[51]官波,郑文诚.角鲨烯提取纯化及其应用[J].粮食与油脂,2010(2):44-46.
[52]Liu Y,Xu X,Bi D,et al.Influence of squalene feeding on plasma leptin,testosterone and blood pressure in rats[J].Indian Journal of Medical Research,2009,129(2):150-153.
[53]邱春媚,殷光玲.角鲨烯软胶囊提高缺氧耐受力的研究[J].中国粮油学报,2013,28(2):52-54.
[54]鲍建民.多不饱和脂肪酸的生理功能及安全性[J].中国食物与营养,2006(1):45-46.
[55]张琦,李明春,孙红妍,等.ω-6脂肪酸脱氢酶的分子生物学研究进展[J].生物工程学报,2004,20(3):319-324.
[56]江木兰,黄凤洪.油脂微藻的研究进展[J].中国油料作物学报,2010,32(4):571-576.