不同地区小麦秸秆的营养价值及瘤胃降解规律
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摘要
试验旨在研究安徽亳州、河南民权、山西祁县3个地区小麦秸秆的营养价值及瘤胃降解规律。试验采用单因子试验设计,试验动物为4头体况良好、体重为(415±20) kg、安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的利鲁公牛(利木赞牛×鲁西黄牛)。采用尼龙袋法评定3个地区小麦秸秆的干物质(DM)、有机物(OM)和粗蛋白(CP)的瘤胃降解率和降解参数。结果表明,亳州和民权小麦秸秆的OM(P<0.05)和CP含量(P<0.05)显著高于祁县小麦秸秆。民权小麦秸秆的粗脂肪含量最高(P<0.05),NDF含量最低(P<0.05)。对于ADF含量,祁县小麦秸秆的最高(P<0.05),民权小麦秸秆的最低(P<0.05)。民权小麦秸秆72 h的DM、CP瘤胃降解率显著高于祁县小麦秸秆(P<0.05)。民权小麦秸秆DM、CP的快速降解部分比例最高(P<0.05),祁县小麦秸秆的最低(P<0.05)。亳州和民权小麦秸秆的OM快速降解部分比例显著高于祁县小麦秸秆(P<0.05)。民权小麦秸秆的DM、CP瘤胃有效降解率显著高于祁县小麦秸秆(P<0.05)。综上所述,3个地区小麦秸秆的营养价值及瘤胃降解规律有所不同,其中,民权小麦秸秆的营养价值相对较好,肉牛对民权小麦秸秆的利用程度相对较高,这为更好地利用小麦秸秆提供数据支撑。
The study aimed to investigate the nutritive value and rumen degradation rule of 3 wheat straws from Bozhou(Anhui Province),Minquan(Henan Province)and Qixian(Shanxi Province).A single-factor trial was designed and 4 healthy,rumen-cannulated Lilu bulls(Limousin×Luxi Yellow Cattle)with(415±20)kg bodyweight were used.Nylon bag technique was employed to evaluate rumen degradation rate and degradative parameters of dry matter(DM),organic matter(OM)and crude protein(CP)of 3 wheat straws from 3 different regions.The results showed that wheat straws from Bozhou and Minquan had greater OM(P<0.05)and CP(P<0.05)content than that of Qixian.The wheat straw from Minquan had the highest EE content(P<0.05)and lowest natural detergent fibre(NDF)content(P<0.05).For acid detergent fibre(ADF),the wheat straw from Qixian was the highest(P<0.05)and from Minquan was the lowest(P<0.05).The wheat straw from Minquan possessed greater DM and CP rumen degradation rate than that of Qixian(P<0.05)through 12 h.Rapid degradation fraction of DM and CP of Minquan wheat straw was the highest(P<0.05)and that of Qixian was the lowest(P<0.05).Bozhou and Minquan wheat straws had greater rapid degradation fraction of OM than that of Qixian(P<0.05).Minquan wheat straw had greater DM and CP rumen efficient degradation rate than that of Qixian(P<0.05).Above all,the nutritive value and rumen degradation rule of wheat straws from 3 different regions varied.The wheat straw from Minquan possessed relatively high nutritive value and had a high degree of utilization by beef cattle.This study will provide data support for better utilization of wheat straw.
The study aimed to investigate the nutritive value and rumen degradation rule of 3 wheat straws from Bozhou(Anhui Province),Minquan(Henan Province)and Qixian(Shanxi Province).A single-factor trial was designed and 4 healthy,rumen-cannulated Lilu bulls(Limousin×Luxi Yellow Cattle)with(415±20)kg bodyweight were used.Nylon bag technique was employed to evaluate rumen degradation rate and degradative parameters of dry matter(DM),organic matter(OM)and crude protein(CP)of 3 wheat straws from 3 different regions.The results showed that wheat straws from Bozhou and Minquan had greater OM(P<0.05)and CP(P<0.05)content than that of Qixian.The wheat straw from Minquan had the highest EE content(P<0.05)and lowest natural detergent fibre(NDF)content(P<0.05).For acid detergent fibre(ADF),the wheat straw from Qixian was the highest(P<0.05)and from Minquan was the lowest(P<0.05).The wheat straw from Minquan possessed greater DM and CP rumen degradation rate than that of Qixian(P<0.05)through 12 h.Rapid degradation fraction of DM and CP of Minquan wheat straw was the highest(P<0.05)and that of Qixian was the lowest(P<0.05).Bozhou and Minquan wheat straws had greater rapid degradation fraction of OM than that of Qixian(P<0.05).Minquan wheat straw had greater DM and CP rumen efficient degradation rate than that of Qixian(P<0.05).Above all,the nutritive value and rumen degradation rule of wheat straws from 3 different regions varied.The wheat straw from Minquan possessed relatively high nutritive value and had a high degree of utilization by beef cattle.This study will provide data support for better utilization of wheat straw.
引文
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[4]刘艳芳,马健,都文,等.常规与非常规粗饲料在奶牛瘤胃中的降解特性[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(4):1592-1602.
[5]谭支良,陈惠萍,邢廷铣.小麦秸秆饲料中纤维类物质的瘤胃降解特性研究[J].草与畜杂志,1993(1):6-8.
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[9]?rskov E R,Mcdonald I.The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurements weighted according to rate of passage[J].The Journal of Agricultural Science,1979,92:499-503.
[10]孟梅娟,涂远璐,白云峰,等.小麦秸秆与米糠粕瘤胃体外发酵组合效应研究[J].草业学报,2016,25(9):161-172.
[11]李茂,字学娟,白昌军,等.不同生长高度王草瘤胃降解特性研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2015,46(10):1806-1815.
[12]张力莉,徐晓锋,金曙光.豆粕蛋白质和玉米蛋白粉蛋白质在绵羊瘤胃内降解规律的比较研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2010(7):97-98.
[2]车莉.农作物秸秆资源量估算、分布与利用潜力研究[D].大连理工大学,2014.
[3]于胜晨,曹水清,任有蛇,等.肉羊常用农作物秸秆类粗饲料营养价值及瘤胃降解特性[J].中国畜牧杂志,2017,53(9):69-74.
[4]刘艳芳,马健,都文,等.常规与非常规粗饲料在奶牛瘤胃中的降解特性[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(4):1592-1602.
[5]谭支良,陈惠萍,邢廷铣.小麦秸秆饲料中纤维类物质的瘤胃降解特性研究[J].草与畜杂志,1993(1):6-8.
[6]冯仰廉.肉牛营养需要和饲养标准[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2000.
[7]Association of Official Analytical Chemists.Official methods of analysis:method number 934.01;930.05;920.39;981.10[S].Arlington:Association of Official Analytical Chemists,1990:1-771.
[8]Van Soest P J,Robertson J B,Lewis B A.Methods for dietary fiber,neutral detergent fiber,and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1991,74(10):3583-3597.
[9]?rskov E R,Mcdonald I.The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurements weighted according to rate of passage[J].The Journal of Agricultural Science,1979,92:499-503.
[10]孟梅娟,涂远璐,白云峰,等.小麦秸秆与米糠粕瘤胃体外发酵组合效应研究[J].草业学报,2016,25(9):161-172.
[11]李茂,字学娟,白昌军,等.不同生长高度王草瘤胃降解特性研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2015,46(10):1806-1815.
[12]张力莉,徐晓锋,金曙光.豆粕蛋白质和玉米蛋白粉蛋白质在绵羊瘤胃内降解规律的比较研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2010(7):97-98.