南京市学龄前儿童视觉运动整合发育测验评估及相关因素分析
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摘要
目的对南京市学龄前儿童视觉运动整合能力发育情况进行调查,分析相关影响因素,为学龄前儿童的视觉运动整合临床工作提供参考。方法 2017年3—5月采用分层随机抽样的方法抽取南京市主城区6所幼儿园483名学龄前儿童,调查基本情况并进行视觉-运动整合发育测验评估。结果 1)随着儿童年龄增长,视觉运动整合能力原始得分呈上升趋势;2)各年龄组标准分性别间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);3)除6岁8月～6岁9月组除外,各年龄组标准分均高于美国常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);4)儿童学习舞蹈、乐器、父母文化水平因素与儿童视觉运动整合能力之间相关系数均在0.11～0.13之间,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论视觉运动整合能力随年龄增长而提高,无性别差异,且与儿童学习舞蹈、乐器、父母文化水平因素存在一定的相关性。
Objective To investigate the performance of visual-motor integration(VMI) of preschool children in Nanjing,and to analysis the related influencing factors,in order to provide reference for clinical work on VMI development at early childhood education. Methods Totally 483 preschool children from 6 kindergartens in the main city of Nanjing were selected in this study by stratified random sampling method from March to May 2017. And the general data and visual-motor integration development were assessed. Results 1) Visual-motor integration capability improved and the original score of VMI was increased in older children. 2) There was no significant gender difference on VMI standard scores among all age groups(P>0.05). 3) Scores of VMI in all age groups except group aged six years old and eight months to nine months were significantly higher than the norm of the United States(P<0.01). 4) There were low correlations between VMI standard score and the basic information,including learning experience of dance,learning instrument,education level of parents(r=0.11-0.13,P<0.05). Conclusions Visual motor integration improves with the age getting older,but no significant gender differences on VMI is observed. Education level of parents,learning experience of dance and musical instruments at early childhood is correlated with the development of children′s visual motor integration ability.
Objective To investigate the performance of visual-motor integration(VMI) of preschool children in Nanjing,and to analysis the related influencing factors,in order to provide reference for clinical work on VMI development at early childhood education. Methods Totally 483 preschool children from 6 kindergartens in the main city of Nanjing were selected in this study by stratified random sampling method from March to May 2017. And the general data and visual-motor integration development were assessed. Results 1) Visual-motor integration capability improved and the original score of VMI was increased in older children. 2) There was no significant gender difference on VMI standard scores among all age groups(P>0.05). 3) Scores of VMI in all age groups except group aged six years old and eight months to nine months were significantly higher than the norm of the United States(P<0.01). 4) There were low correlations between VMI standard score and the basic information,including learning experience of dance,learning instrument,education level of parents(r=0.11-0.13,P<0.05). Conclusions Visual motor integration improves with the age getting older,but no significant gender differences on VMI is observed. Education level of parents,learning experience of dance and musical instruments at early childhood is correlated with the development of children′s visual motor integration ability.
引文
[1] 杨玉凤. 儿童发育行为心理评定量表[M]. 北京:人民出版社,2016:84.
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[3] Ng M,Chui M,Lin L,et al. Performance of the visual-motor integration of preschool children in Hong Kong[J]. Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy,2015,25:7-14.
[4] Lim CY,Tan PC,Koh C,et al. Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration (Beery-VMI):lessons from exploration of cultural variations in visual-motor integration performance of preschoolers[J]. Child:Care,Health and Development,2015,41(2):213-221.
[5] Beery KE. The Beery-Buktenica developmental test of visual-motor integration:Beery VMI,with supplemental developmental tests of visual perception and motor coordination,and stepping stones age norms from birth to age six[M].NCS Pearson,Incorporated,2004.
[6] Harvey EM,Leonardgreen TK,Mohan KM,et al. Interrater and test-retest reliability of the beery visual-motor iIntegration in School children[J]. Optom Vis Sci, 2017,94(5):598-605.
[7] Mao HF. Performance of Chinese children in Taiwan on Beery′s developmental test of visual motor integration[J]. Journal of the Occupational Therapy Association of the Republic of China,1995,13:13-24.
[8] 李淑英,张卫军,胡强. 学习乐器与儿童感觉统合能力的关系[J]. 中国组织工程研究,2002,6(15):2273-2273.
[9] 程红,张芳蓉,李公正,等. 视觉运动统合能力发育多因素分析[J]. 中国学校卫生,2010,31(4):438-439.
[10] 李公正,兰莉. 西安城市儿童视觉运动整合及其补充测验常模的修订[J]. 西安交通大学学报:医学版,2001,22(2):159-161.
[11] Gadow KD,Nolan EE. Differences between preschool children with ODD,ADHD,and ODD+ADHD symptoms[J]. J Child Psychol Psyc,2002,43(2):191-201.
[2] 解雅春,张敏,刘晓,等. 学龄前注意缺陷多动障碍儿童的视觉-运动整合能力[J]. 中国心理卫生杂志,2013,27(9):665-668.
[3] Ng M,Chui M,Lin L,et al. Performance of the visual-motor integration of preschool children in Hong Kong[J]. Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy,2015,25:7-14.
[4] Lim CY,Tan PC,Koh C,et al. Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration (Beery-VMI):lessons from exploration of cultural variations in visual-motor integration performance of preschoolers[J]. Child:Care,Health and Development,2015,41(2):213-221.
[5] Beery KE. The Beery-Buktenica developmental test of visual-motor integration:Beery VMI,with supplemental developmental tests of visual perception and motor coordination,and stepping stones age norms from birth to age six[M].NCS Pearson,Incorporated,2004.
[6] Harvey EM,Leonardgreen TK,Mohan KM,et al. Interrater and test-retest reliability of the beery visual-motor iIntegration in School children[J]. Optom Vis Sci, 2017,94(5):598-605.
[7] Mao HF. Performance of Chinese children in Taiwan on Beery′s developmental test of visual motor integration[J]. Journal of the Occupational Therapy Association of the Republic of China,1995,13:13-24.
[8] 李淑英,张卫军,胡强. 学习乐器与儿童感觉统合能力的关系[J]. 中国组织工程研究,2002,6(15):2273-2273.
[9] 程红,张芳蓉,李公正,等. 视觉运动统合能力发育多因素分析[J]. 中国学校卫生,2010,31(4):438-439.
[10] 李公正,兰莉. 西安城市儿童视觉运动整合及其补充测验常模的修订[J]. 西安交通大学学报:医学版,2001,22(2):159-161.
[11] Gadow KD,Nolan EE. Differences between preschool children with ODD,ADHD,and ODD+ADHD symptoms[J]. J Child Psychol Psyc,2002,43(2):191-201.