邻近地铁油气管道的安全防护标准
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摘要
为了保护油气管道安全,完善油气管道现行标准体系,综合研究了油气管道领域及地铁建设领域现行相关技术标准,分析了中国地铁工程建设和防护经验,调研了邻近区域内地铁与管道相互关系,从全生命周期角度系统分析了地铁施工阶段与运行阶段对管道建设和运行的影响,从油气管道安全运行角度提出了油气管道与地铁相互关系标准的制修订建议。研究表明:油气管道领域缺少邻近地铁时管道与地铁相互关系及防护措施的标准,无法对管道安全进行有效保护,应该从地铁施工时沉降及位移量的控制、地铁与管道安全间距、防护措施、沉降及位移监测、杂散电流防护等方面研究制定相关标准条款。
In order to protect oil and gas pipelines and improve their current safety protection standards, the relevant standards in both sectors of oil and gas pipelines and subway were reviewed, the experience in subway engineering construction and protection in China were analyzed, and the interaction between pipeline and its adjacent subway was investigated. The life-cycle effects of subway construction and operation on the construction and operation of pipelines were analyzed systematically. Finally, the suggestions on the formulation and amendment of standards for the interaction between pipeline and its adjacent subway were proposed to guarantee the safe operation of pipelines. It is found that oil/gas pipeline field lacks of standards involving the pipeline-subway interaction and the related protection measures when pipelines are adjacent to subways, making such pipelines not protected effectively. It is recommended to formulate the relevant standards from the aspects of displacement and settlement control during subway construction, safety distance between the subway and the pipeline, protective measures, settlement and displacement monitoring, and stray current control.
In order to protect oil and gas pipelines and improve their current safety protection standards, the relevant standards in both sectors of oil and gas pipelines and subway were reviewed, the experience in subway engineering construction and protection in China were analyzed, and the interaction between pipeline and its adjacent subway was investigated. The life-cycle effects of subway construction and operation on the construction and operation of pipelines were analyzed systematically. Finally, the suggestions on the formulation and amendment of standards for the interaction between pipeline and its adjacent subway were proposed to guarantee the safe operation of pipelines. It is found that oil/gas pipeline field lacks of standards involving the pipeline-subway interaction and the related protection measures when pipelines are adjacent to subways, making such pipelines not protected effectively. It is recommended to formulate the relevant standards from the aspects of displacement and settlement control during subway construction, safety distance between the subway and the pipeline, protective measures, settlement and displacement monitoring, and stray current control.
引文
[1]孙鲁帅.地铁隧道浅埋暗挖施工对地下管道的影响[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2011:2-77.SUN L S.Influence of metro construction with mining method on underground pipeline[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2011:2-77.
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[4]马华明.穿过大直径地下管道的一槽两笼地下连续墙施工技术[J].建筑施工,2010,32(6):513-514.MA H M.Construction technology for one-slot-two-cages diaphragm wall passing through large diameter underground pipeline[J].Building Construction,2010,32(6):513-514.
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[8]段光杰.地铁隧道施工扰动对地表沉降和管道变形影响的理论和方法研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2002:34-77.DUAN G J.The theoretical and methodical research on surface settlement and pipeline deformation due to construction disturbance in metro tunnel construction[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences,2002:34-77.
[9]肖大健.浅埋暗挖隧道施工对地下管道的沉降及控制研究[D].青岛:青岛理工大学,2012:33-74.XIAO D J.The research of influence and control of underground pipe settlement caused by tunnel construction with shallow depth excavation[D].Qingdao:Qingdao Technological University,2012:33-74.
[10]董志航,侯越,王冰琰.基于回归分析的地铁施工地表沉降预测模型研究[J].兰州交通大学学报,2016,35(4):30-33.DONG Z H,HOU Y,WANG B Y.Research on the prediction model of surface subsidence of subway construction based on regression analysis[J].Journal of Lanzhou Jiaotong University,2016,35(4):30-33.
[11]徐向春,罗剑,曹煌煌,等.地铁盾构隧道平行下穿污水管道引起地面及管道沉降变形分析[J].四川建材,2013,39(5):144-146.XU X C,LUO J,CAO H H,et al.An analysis of the deformation of a sewer pipe and ground settlement due to a parallel subway shield tunnel[J].Sichuan Building Material,2013,39(5):144-146.
[12]周泽林,陈寿根,张海生,等.明挖卸荷对下卧地铁双洞隧道变形影响的计算方法研究[J].铁道学报,2016,38(9):109-117.ZHOU Z L,CHEN S G,ZHANG H S,et al.Calculation method study on deformation effect of underlying double-hole subway tunnels in open cutting unloading case[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2016,38(9):109-117.
[13]岳海.地铁车站施工中的天然气管道悬吊保护[J].城市建设,2010(4):397-398.YUE H.Natural gas pipeline suspension protection during metro station construction[J].City Construction,2010(4):397-398.
[14]DAVID J Q,ANDREAS F,CLARK S,et al.Liquefied natural gas pipeline suspension bridge design[C].Calgary:International Pipeline Conference,2006:599-608.
[15]KEATON J R,BOUDRA L H.Rock excavation index approach for estimating blast rock for shallow pipeline construction[C].Pittsburgh:Shale Energy Engineering Conference,2014:273-279.
[16]杜金,张佩.浅埋暗挖近距离下穿大直径管道施工控制措施[J].建材发展导向,2014(4):35-36.DU J,ZHANG P.Control measurement of construction through large diameter pipeline with shallow depth excavation[J].Development Guide to Building Materials,2014(4):35-36.
[17]董红军,苏建峰,毕武喜,等.输气管道阀室杂散电流防护改造[J].油气储运,2015,34(11):1246-1249.DONG H J,SU J F,BI W X,et al.Protection and reformation of stray current in valve chamber for gas transmission pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2015,34(11):1246-1249.
[18]任增珺.日东管道杂散电流干扰检测与防护[J].油气储运,2015,34(1):111-114.REN Z J.Detection and protection of stray current interference of Rizhao-Dongming oil pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2015,34(1):111-114.
[19]LIU Y Q,CHEN H Y,LIANG Z S,et al.Use FFT method for the detection and characterization of pipeline’s AC stray current interference[J].Canadian Journal of Chemistry,2011,53(24):3801-3805.
[20]腾延平,蔡培培,徐承伟,等.应用同步监测法定位管道杂散电流的干扰源[J].油气储运,2011,30(5):347-349.TENG Y P,CAI P P,XU C W,et al.Applying synchronous monitoring method to locate interference sources of stray current in pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2011,30(5):347-349.
[2]何丽华,赵安瑜,何相之,等.地铁施工对供水管道的影响及保护措施[J].给水排水,2014,40(3):90-92.HE L H,ZHAO A Y,HE X Z,et al.Influence of metro construction on water pipeline and the protection measures[J].Water&Wastewater Engineering,2014,40(3):90-92.
[3]钟威,高剑锋.油气管道典型地质灾害危险性评价[J].油气储运,2015,34(9):934-938.ZHONG W,GAO J F.Hazard assessment of typical geological disasters along oil and gas pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2015,34(9):934-938.
[4]马华明.穿过大直径地下管道的一槽两笼地下连续墙施工技术[J].建筑施工,2010,32(6):513-514.MA H M.Construction technology for one-slot-two-cages diaphragm wall passing through large diameter underground pipeline[J].Building Construction,2010,32(6):513-514.
[5]孙宇坤,吴为义,李航,等.地铁隧道对近距离埋地管道影响的数值模拟[J].中国给水排水,2009,25(7):75-78.SUN Y K,WU W Y,LI H,et al.Numerical simulation for effects of metro tunnel on adjacent buried pipe[J].China Water&Wastewater,2009,25(7):75-78.
[6]刘文权.城市地铁杂散电流对埋地输油管道的危害[J].全面腐蚀控制,2014,28(11):29-32.LIU W Q.Interference corrosion hazards of subway stray currents on buried jet fuel metal pipeline[J].Total Corrosion Control,2014,28(11):29-32.
[7]李斌,杨罗.浅析城市地铁建设与燃气管道保护[J].上海煤气,2011(3):16-18.LI B,YANG L.A brief discussion on the connection between metro construction and protection of gas pipeline[J].Shanghai Gas,2011(3):16-18.
[8]段光杰.地铁隧道施工扰动对地表沉降和管道变形影响的理论和方法研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2002:34-77.DUAN G J.The theoretical and methodical research on surface settlement and pipeline deformation due to construction disturbance in metro tunnel construction[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences,2002:34-77.
[9]肖大健.浅埋暗挖隧道施工对地下管道的沉降及控制研究[D].青岛:青岛理工大学,2012:33-74.XIAO D J.The research of influence and control of underground pipe settlement caused by tunnel construction with shallow depth excavation[D].Qingdao:Qingdao Technological University,2012:33-74.
[10]董志航,侯越,王冰琰.基于回归分析的地铁施工地表沉降预测模型研究[J].兰州交通大学学报,2016,35(4):30-33.DONG Z H,HOU Y,WANG B Y.Research on the prediction model of surface subsidence of subway construction based on regression analysis[J].Journal of Lanzhou Jiaotong University,2016,35(4):30-33.
[11]徐向春,罗剑,曹煌煌,等.地铁盾构隧道平行下穿污水管道引起地面及管道沉降变形分析[J].四川建材,2013,39(5):144-146.XU X C,LUO J,CAO H H,et al.An analysis of the deformation of a sewer pipe and ground settlement due to a parallel subway shield tunnel[J].Sichuan Building Material,2013,39(5):144-146.
[12]周泽林,陈寿根,张海生,等.明挖卸荷对下卧地铁双洞隧道变形影响的计算方法研究[J].铁道学报,2016,38(9):109-117.ZHOU Z L,CHEN S G,ZHANG H S,et al.Calculation method study on deformation effect of underlying double-hole subway tunnels in open cutting unloading case[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2016,38(9):109-117.
[13]岳海.地铁车站施工中的天然气管道悬吊保护[J].城市建设,2010(4):397-398.YUE H.Natural gas pipeline suspension protection during metro station construction[J].City Construction,2010(4):397-398.
[14]DAVID J Q,ANDREAS F,CLARK S,et al.Liquefied natural gas pipeline suspension bridge design[C].Calgary:International Pipeline Conference,2006:599-608.
[15]KEATON J R,BOUDRA L H.Rock excavation index approach for estimating blast rock for shallow pipeline construction[C].Pittsburgh:Shale Energy Engineering Conference,2014:273-279.
[16]杜金,张佩.浅埋暗挖近距离下穿大直径管道施工控制措施[J].建材发展导向,2014(4):35-36.DU J,ZHANG P.Control measurement of construction through large diameter pipeline with shallow depth excavation[J].Development Guide to Building Materials,2014(4):35-36.
[17]董红军,苏建峰,毕武喜,等.输气管道阀室杂散电流防护改造[J].油气储运,2015,34(11):1246-1249.DONG H J,SU J F,BI W X,et al.Protection and reformation of stray current in valve chamber for gas transmission pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2015,34(11):1246-1249.
[18]任增珺.日东管道杂散电流干扰检测与防护[J].油气储运,2015,34(1):111-114.REN Z J.Detection and protection of stray current interference of Rizhao-Dongming oil pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2015,34(1):111-114.
[19]LIU Y Q,CHEN H Y,LIANG Z S,et al.Use FFT method for the detection and characterization of pipeline’s AC stray current interference[J].Canadian Journal of Chemistry,2011,53(24):3801-3805.
[20]腾延平,蔡培培,徐承伟,等.应用同步监测法定位管道杂散电流的干扰源[J].油气储运,2011,30(5):347-349.TENG Y P,CAI P P,XU C W,et al.Applying synchronous monitoring method to locate interference sources of stray current in pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2011,30(5):347-349.