白纹伊蚊蛹期X射线辐照不育技术的初步实验研究
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摘要
目的 X射线辐射昆虫不育技术是一种新型的白纹伊蚊防控手段。通过白纹伊蚊蛹期X射线系列辐照实验,可以得到X射线辐照和不育效果之间的关系,为进一步应用X射线辐射昆虫不育技术防控白纹伊蚊及其蚊媒疾病的流行奠定基础。方法利用培育自中国南方地区的白纹伊蚊蛹,进行不同发育期蛹和不同X射线辐照强度的系列实验,以考察蚊虫羽化率、存活率、生存力、不育强度以及雄性交配竞争力等因素与辐照之间的关系。采用单因素方差分析和多重比较(Tukey hoc-post test)分析各实验变量的影响。结果在<60 Gy的剂量下,X射线辐射基本不影响伊蚊蛹羽化率和辐射蛹孵化培育出成蚊的存活率,但会降低成蚊的平均寿命。在40 Gy剂量下,伊蚊蛹孵化培育的雄性成蚊接近97.0%不育,其竞争交配能力降低为0.5±0.0;在40或60Gy的辐射下,辐射蛹孵化培育的雌性成蚊则接近100%不育。释放比例为7∶1时,不育雄蚊诱导的不育率为74.1%。结论对白纹伊蚊蛹期辐照不育来说,40 Gy的X射线剂量是最佳不育剂量,验证了X射线辐射不育用于白纹伊蚊防控的可行性。
Objective X-ray irradiation-based sterile insect technique(SIT) is a new technique for Aedes albopictus control. A series of X-ray irradiation experiments was performed to obtain the association between X-ray irradiation and sterility effect, in order to lay a foundation for further application of X-ray-irradiation SIT in the control of Ae. albopictus and related mosquito-borne diseases. Methods Aedes albopictus pupae in different developmental stages were collected in South China and were irradiated under different X-ray doses to evaluate the association of emergence rate, viability,survivability, degree of sterility, and male mating competitiveness with irradiation. A one-way analysis of variance and multiple comparison(Tukey hoc-post test) were used to analyze the influence of each experimental variable. Results X-ray irradiation at a dose of <60 Gy had no effect on the emergence rate of Ae. albopictus pupae and the survival rate of adult mosquitoes after hatching, but it reduced the average longevity of adult mosquitoes. At a dose of 40 Gy, the sterility rate of adult male mosquitoes reached nearly 97.0%, and male mating competitiveness was reduced to 0.5±0.0; the sterility rate of adult female mosquitoes reached almost 100%. The induced sterility rate of male mosquitoes was 74.1% at a release ratio of7∶1. Conclusion X-ray at the dose of 40 Gy is the optimal dose for induced sterility in Ae. albopictus pupae, which verifies the feasibility of X-ray irradiation-based SIT in Ae. albopictus prevention and control.
Objective X-ray irradiation-based sterile insect technique(SIT) is a new technique for Aedes albopictus control. A series of X-ray irradiation experiments was performed to obtain the association between X-ray irradiation and sterility effect, in order to lay a foundation for further application of X-ray-irradiation SIT in the control of Ae. albopictus and related mosquito-borne diseases. Methods Aedes albopictus pupae in different developmental stages were collected in South China and were irradiated under different X-ray doses to evaluate the association of emergence rate, viability,survivability, degree of sterility, and male mating competitiveness with irradiation. A one-way analysis of variance and multiple comparison(Tukey hoc-post test) were used to analyze the influence of each experimental variable. Results X-ray irradiation at a dose of <60 Gy had no effect on the emergence rate of Ae. albopictus pupae and the survival rate of adult mosquitoes after hatching, but it reduced the average longevity of adult mosquitoes. At a dose of 40 Gy, the sterility rate of adult male mosquitoes reached nearly 97.0%, and male mating competitiveness was reduced to 0.5±0.0; the sterility rate of adult female mosquitoes reached almost 100%. The induced sterility rate of male mosquitoes was 74.1% at a release ratio of7∶1. Conclusion X-ray at the dose of 40 Gy is the optimal dose for induced sterility in Ae. albopictus pupae, which verifies the feasibility of X-ray irradiation-based SIT in Ae. albopictus prevention and control.
引文
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[3] Bhatt S,Gething PW,Brady OJ,et al. The global distribution and burden of dengue[J]. Nature,2013,496(7446):504-507. DOI:10.1038/nature12060.
[4]龙健灵,林斌,张萍,等.广东省登革热的流行病学特征分析[J].中国医药科学,2015,5(11):183-185.
[5] Styczynski AR,Malta JMAS,Krow-Lucal ER,et al. Increased rates of Guillain-Barrésyndrome associated with Zika virus outbreak in the Salvador metropolitan area,Brazil[J].PLoS Negl Trop Dis,2017,11(8):e0005869. DOI:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005869.
[6] Bourtzis K,Dobson SL,Χi ZY,et al. Harnessing mosquito-Wolbachia symbiosis for vector and disease control[J]. Acta Trop,2014,132 Suppl:S150-163. DOI:10.1016/j.actatropica. 2013.11.004.
[7] Zhang DJ,Lees RS,Xi ZY,et al. Combining the sterile insect technique with Wolbachia-based approaches:Ⅱ-a safer approach to Aedes albopictus population suppression programmes,designed to minimize the consequences of inadvertent female release[J]. PLoS One,2015,10(8):e0135194. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0135194.
[8] Dyck VA,Hendrichs J,Robinson AS. Sterile insect technique:principles and practice in area-wide integrated pest management[M]. Dordrecht,The Netherlands:Springer,2005:3-39. DOI:10.1007/1-4020-4051-2.
[9] Rendón P,McInnis D,Lance D,et al. Medfly(Diptera:Tephritidae)genetic sexing:Large-scale field comparison of males-only and bisexual sterile fly releases in Guatemala[J]. J Econ Entomol,2004,97(5):1547-1553. DOI:10.1603/0022-0493-97.5.1547.
[10] Sow A,SidibéI,Bengaly Z,et al. Irradiated male tsetse from a40-year-old colony are still competitive in a Riparian forest in Burkina Faso[J]. PLoS One,2012,7(5):e37124. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0037124.
[11] Bellini R,Medici A,Puggioli A,et al. Pilot field trials with Aedes albopictus irradiated sterile males in Italian urban areas[J]. J Med Entomol,2013,50(2):317-325. DOI:10.1603/ME12048.
[12] Balestrino F,Medici A,Candini G,et al.γray dosimetry and mating capacity studies in the laboratory on Aedes albopictus males[J]. J Med Entomol,2010,47(4):581-591. DOI:10.1093/jmedent/47.4.581.
[13] Yamada H,Parker AG,Oliva CF,et al.Χ-ray-induced sterility in Aedes albopictus(Diptera:Culicidae)and male longevity following irradiation[J]. J Med Entomol,2014,51(4):811-816.DOI:10.1603/ME13223.
[14] Helinski MEH,Knols BGJ. Mating competitiveness of male Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes irradiated with a partially or fully sterilizing dose in small and large laboratory cages[J]. J Med Entomol,2008,45(4):698-705. DOI:10.1093/jmedent/45.4.698.
[15] Ma?ga H,Damiens D,Niang A,et al. Mating competitiveness of sterile male Anopheles coluzzii in large cages[J]. Malar J,2014,13(1):460. DOI:10.1186/1475-2875-13-460.
[16] Oliva CF,Jacquet M,Gilles J,et al. The sterile insect technique for controlling populations of Aedes albopictus(Diptera:Culicidae)on Reunion island:Mating vigour of sterilized males[J]. PLoS One,2012,7(11):e49414. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0049414.
[17] IAEA. Denial of shipment of radioactive material. NS Update 14[EB/OL].(2010-03)[2018-08-04]. https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/Newsletters/NSU-14.pdf.
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[19] Oliva CF,Maier MJ,Gilles J,et al. Effects of irradiation,presence of females,and sugar supply on the longevity of sterile males Aedes albopictus(Skuse)under semi-field conditions on Reunion Island[J]. Acta Trop,2013,125(3):287-293. DOI:10.1016/j.actatropica.2012.11.010.
[20] Oliva CF,Damiens D,Vreysen MJB,et al. Reproductive strategies of Aedes albopictus(Diptera:Culicidae)and implications for the sterile insect technique[J]. PLoS One,2013,8(11):e78884. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0078884.
[21] Madakacherry O,Lees RS,Gilles JRL. Aedes albopictus(Skuse)males in laboratory and semi-field cages:release ratios and mating competitiveness[J]. Acta Trop,2014,132 Suppl:S124-129. DOI:10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.11.020.
[22] Fried M. Determination of sterile-insect competitiveness[J]. J Econ Entomol,1971,64(4):869-872. DOI:10.1093/jee/64.4.869.
[23] Zhang DJ,Zheng XY,Xi ZY,et al. Combining the sterile insect technique with the incompatible insect technique:I-impact of Wolbachia infection on the fitness of triple-and double-infected strains of Aedes albopictus[J]. PLoS One,2015,10(4):e0121126. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0121126.