城市家庭消费碳排放研究进展
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摘要
家庭生活消费碳排放是全球碳排放的重要组成部分并已成为新的增长点,中国家庭直接和间接的能源消耗及碳排放量占有率逐渐扩大的趋势明显,为国家实现减排目标带来难题。本文运用文献计量及对比分析的方法在整理归纳家庭消费碳排放研究进展的基础上,明确碳排放系数法、投入产出法、生命周期评价法和消费者生活方式法的主要内容与适用对象,比较其优缺点与适用情景。指出了在实证分析中影响研究结果的4个主要因素:问卷数据有效性、家庭消费行为模式差异性、社区影响和回弹效应。发现2009年以来,家庭碳排放研究成果逐年递增,基于宏观统计数据的研究成果显著多于微观调查研究;碳排放系数法和投入产出法是最常用的2种碳排放核算方法,具体应用则取决于研究目的和数据的可获取性;充分考虑家庭碳排放的影响因素,适当优化核算方法有利于提高研究结果的准确度。本文可为今后城市家庭消费碳排放研究视角与方法提供参考,为城市家庭碳排放管理提供了科学依据。
Carbon emissions from household daily consumption are an important part of global carbon emissions and have become a new growth point. The direct and indirect energy consumption and carbon emissions of Chinese households are gradually expanding, which poses a problem for the country to achieve emission reduction targets. This study used bibliometrics and comparative analysis to clarify the progress of research on carbon emissions of household consumption in order to determine the main contents and applicability of carbon emission coefficient method, input-output model, life cycle assessment, and consumer lifestyle approach.The advantages, disadvantages, and applicable situations of different carbon emission quantitative analysis methods were compared. The four main factors influencing the results of research in empirical analysis are validity of questionnaire data, difference of behavior patterns of household consumption, community impact, and rebound effect. Since 2009, the total amount of research on household carbon emissions has increased year by year, and the number of research based on macro-statistical data is significantly higher than that based on household surveys. Carbon emission coefficient method and input-output method are the two most common carbon emission accounting approaches, the choice of which depends on the purpose of the research and the availability of data. Full consideration of the factors affecting household carbon emissions and proper optimization of accounting methods are useful in improving the accuracy of the research results. Our research provides a reference for future research perspectives and accounting methods of carbon emissions of urban household consumption. It also provides a scientific basis for carbon emissions management of urban household.
Carbon emissions from household daily consumption are an important part of global carbon emissions and have become a new growth point. The direct and indirect energy consumption and carbon emissions of Chinese households are gradually expanding, which poses a problem for the country to achieve emission reduction targets. This study used bibliometrics and comparative analysis to clarify the progress of research on carbon emissions of household consumption in order to determine the main contents and applicability of carbon emission coefficient method, input-output model, life cycle assessment, and consumer lifestyle approach.The advantages, disadvantages, and applicable situations of different carbon emission quantitative analysis methods were compared. The four main factors influencing the results of research in empirical analysis are validity of questionnaire data, difference of behavior patterns of household consumption, community impact, and rebound effect. Since 2009, the total amount of research on household carbon emissions has increased year by year, and the number of research based on macro-statistical data is significantly higher than that based on household surveys. Carbon emission coefficient method and input-output method are the two most common carbon emission accounting approaches, the choice of which depends on the purpose of the research and the availability of data. Full consideration of the factors affecting household carbon emissions and proper optimization of accounting methods are useful in improving the accuracy of the research results. Our research provides a reference for future research perspectives and accounting methods of carbon emissions of urban household consumption. It also provides a scientific basis for carbon emissions management of urban household.
引文
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