浅层低信噪比地震数据处理方法研究与应用
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摘要
浅层地震资料具有目的反射层较浅,覆盖次数较低,地表干扰较强,信噪比与分辨率较低等特点,要获得高质量的浅层地震解释剖面一直是数据处理的一大难题。本文针对其难点,研究出一套以叠前组合去噪技术、自适应预测反褶积技术、各向异性动校正与高精度速度分析、Kirchhoff叠前时间偏移成像等关键技术为核心的处理方法,应用效果表明基于本套处理方法得出浅层地震解释剖面中断层的成像效果可以满足后期精细化地质解释的要求。
Shallow seismic data had the characteristics of shallow target reflection layer,low covering degree,strong surface interference and low signal-to-noise ratio and resolution,to obtain high-quality shallow seismic interpretation sections had always been a major challenge in data processing.In this paper,according to its difficulties,a set of key technologies such as prestack combinatorial de-noising,adaptive predictive deconvolution,anisotropic dynamic correction and high-precision velocity analysis and Kirchhoff prestack time migration imaging were developed.The application effects showed that the imaging results of the faults in the shallow seismic interpretation section obtained based on the processing methods could meet the requirements of later refinement geological interpretation.
Shallow seismic data had the characteristics of shallow target reflection layer,low covering degree,strong surface interference and low signal-to-noise ratio and resolution,to obtain high-quality shallow seismic interpretation sections had always been a major challenge in data processing.In this paper,according to its difficulties,a set of key technologies such as prestack combinatorial de-noising,adaptive predictive deconvolution,anisotropic dynamic correction and high-precision velocity analysis and Kirchhoff prestack time migration imaging were developed.The application effects showed that the imaging results of the faults in the shallow seismic interpretation section obtained based on the processing methods could meet the requirements of later refinement geological interpretation.
引文
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[3]陈新荣.叠前时间偏移成像质量影响因素探讨[J].油气地球物理,2007(3)
[4]范益军,周芝旭.浅谈地震资料处理中的提高信噪比处理技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005(2)
[5]徐晓萌,吕平洋,王菲茵等.基于WPT-LMD预处理的震动信号有效辨识方法研究[J].中国煤炭,2016(3)
[6]孙党生,焦凯英,唐大荣等.低信噪比的浅层地震勘探数据处理技术[J].物探与化探,2004(2)
[7]牛跟彦.超浅层地震勘探技术在小煤窑采空区中的应用研究[J].中国煤炭,2012(6)
[8]王锡文,秦广胜,刘向东等.叠前偏移技术在中原复杂断块区的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2005(4)
[9]金凤鸣.低品质老地震资料的重新处理方法与应用[J].中国石油勘探,2014(1)
[10]李江,李庆春,张向辉等.叠前时间偏移在煤田地震资料处理中的应用[J].物探与化探,2017(1)
[11]唐汉平.复杂地震地质条件下煤矿采空区三维地震勘探技术[J].中国煤炭,2013(12)
[12]杨豪,H·伽德纳.浅层地震勘探技术的进步[J].中国煤炭,1998(1)