基于TLS的盾构隧道收敛测量研究
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摘要
盾构隧道施工完成后的收敛测量是一项十分重要的工作。文中以某在建盾构隧道为研究对象,研究采用地面三维激光扫描技术(Terrestrial laser scanning,TLS)进行收敛测量的方法与步骤。应用TLS获取隧道管片表面的点云数据,对点云数据进行配准、消噪、建模等处理;采用Ransac算法和最小二乘算法提取隧道点云数据的中轴线;根据点到平面的距离获取断面点,应用椭圆方程以及最小二乘的方法对断面点进行拟合;最后,利用直线与椭圆交点获取不同方向上的隧道半径,完成收敛测量。研究结果表明,应用TLS技术可以快速、准确、详尽地获取盾构隧道的收敛情况。
Convergence monitoring is a significant work for the shield tunnel construction.In this paper,a new method of convergence monitoring is presented based on terrestrial laser scanning(TLS)technology.The point cloud data of the shield tunnel'surface is obtained by TLS,and to be registered,denoised and modeled.The central axis of shield tunnel's point cloud data can be extracted with random sample consensus(Ransac)algorithm and least-squares method.The ellipse equation and least-squares method are used to fit the section of the shield tunnel'surface point cloud data based on the distance from the point cloud to section plane.The tunnel's radius can be obtained according to the intersections of the straight line and the ellipse in different directions,and then the convergence survey is completed.The research result of this paper shows that TLS technology can be used to do convergence monitoring of shield tunnel quickly,accurately and detailedly.
Convergence monitoring is a significant work for the shield tunnel construction.In this paper,a new method of convergence monitoring is presented based on terrestrial laser scanning(TLS)technology.The point cloud data of the shield tunnel'surface is obtained by TLS,and to be registered,denoised and modeled.The central axis of shield tunnel's point cloud data can be extracted with random sample consensus(Ransac)algorithm and least-squares method.The ellipse equation and least-squares method are used to fit the section of the shield tunnel'surface point cloud data based on the distance from the point cloud to section plane.The tunnel's radius can be obtained according to the intersections of the straight line and the ellipse in different directions,and then the convergence survey is completed.The research result of this paper shows that TLS technology can be used to do convergence monitoring of shield tunnel quickly,accurately and detailedly.
引文
[1]谢雄耀,卢晓智,田海洋,等.基于地面三维激光扫描技术的隧道全断面变形测量方法[J].测绘通报,2016(2):143-144.
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[4] CHENG Yun-Jian,QIU Wenge,LEI Jin.Automatic Extraction of Tunnel Lining Cross-Sections from Terrestrial Laser Scanning Point Clouds.[J]Sensors,2016,1648,268-284.
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[9]陈玮娴,袁庆,陈义.约束总体最小二乘在点云拼接中的应用[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2011(2):137-141.
[10]李健,万幼川,江梦华,等.基于地面激光技术的隧道变形监测技术[J].地理空间信息,2012(1):14-17.
[11]严剑锋,邓喀中,邢正全.基于最小二乘拟合的三维激光扫描点云滤波[J].测绘通报,2013(5):43-46.
[12]托雷,康志忠,谢远成,等.利用三维点云数据的地铁隧道断面连续截取方法研究[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2013(2):171-175,185.
[13]陆震.地铁隧道变形监测技术[J].施工技术,2009,38(增1):105-106.
[14]XIE Xiongyao,LU Xiaozhi.Development of a 3Dmodeling algorithm for tunnel deformation monitoring based on terrestrial laser scanning.[J].Underground Space 2,2017,16-29.
[15]李珵,卢小平,朱宁宁,等.基于激光点云的隧道断面连续提取与形变分析方法[J].测绘学报,2015(9):1056-1062.
[16]CHUM O,MATAN J,KITFLER J.Locally Optimized RANSAC[A].In:Michaelis B Krell,Eds:Proceeding of the 25th DAGM Symposium[C],Berlin,Germany:Spring-Verlag,2003:236-243.
[17]钱锦锋.逆向工程中的点云处理[D].杭州:浙江大学,2005.
[18]张菊清,刘平芝.抗差趋势面与正交多面函数结合拟合DEM数据[J].测绘学报,2008,37(4)526-520.
[2]刘丹,钱应平,易国锋,等.逆向工程中点云处理及拟合新方法的研究[J].机械设计与制造,2015(3):55-57.
[3]刘春,陈华云,吴杭彬.激光三维遥感的数据处理与特征提取[M].北京:北京科学出版社,2009.
[4] CHENG Yun-Jian,QIU Wenge,LEI Jin.Automatic Extraction of Tunnel Lining Cross-Sections from Terrestrial Laser Scanning Point Clouds.[J]Sensors,2016,1648,268-284.
[5]曹先革,杨金玲,刘妍,等.基于三维激光扫描数据的地铁隧道断面测量[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2015(7):4-6.
[6]杨帆,李龙飞,吴昊.基于三维激光扫描的边坡变形数据提取研究[J].测绘工程,2016,25(10):1-4.
[7]陆珏,陈义,郑波.三维非线性基准转换的加权和加约束总体最小二乘解算模型[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2012(6):129-134.
[8] LICHTI D D.Error modelling,calibration and analysis of an AM–CW terrestrial laser scanner system[J].ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing,2007,61(5):307-324.
[9]陈玮娴,袁庆,陈义.约束总体最小二乘在点云拼接中的应用[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2011(2):137-141.
[10]李健,万幼川,江梦华,等.基于地面激光技术的隧道变形监测技术[J].地理空间信息,2012(1):14-17.
[11]严剑锋,邓喀中,邢正全.基于最小二乘拟合的三维激光扫描点云滤波[J].测绘通报,2013(5):43-46.
[12]托雷,康志忠,谢远成,等.利用三维点云数据的地铁隧道断面连续截取方法研究[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2013(2):171-175,185.
[13]陆震.地铁隧道变形监测技术[J].施工技术,2009,38(增1):105-106.
[14]XIE Xiongyao,LU Xiaozhi.Development of a 3Dmodeling algorithm for tunnel deformation monitoring based on terrestrial laser scanning.[J].Underground Space 2,2017,16-29.
[15]李珵,卢小平,朱宁宁,等.基于激光点云的隧道断面连续提取与形变分析方法[J].测绘学报,2015(9):1056-1062.
[16]CHUM O,MATAN J,KITFLER J.Locally Optimized RANSAC[A].In:Michaelis B Krell,Eds:Proceeding of the 25th DAGM Symposium[C],Berlin,Germany:Spring-Verlag,2003:236-243.
[17]钱锦锋.逆向工程中的点云处理[D].杭州:浙江大学,2005.
[18]张菊清,刘平芝.抗差趋势面与正交多面函数结合拟合DEM数据[J].测绘学报,2008,37(4)526-520.