高速电梯动态气动特性研究及井道结构优化
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摘要
针对高速电梯动态运行过程中的气动力学问题,对电梯的动态运行特性及井道结构进行了研究及优化。以高速及超高速电梯的动态运行过程为分析对象,采用弹性光顺结合网格重构方法完成了动态网格生成,模拟计算了电梯动态运行过程中复杂的湍流气动特性,重点给出了动态运行过程中产生气动阻力的规律;以轿厢阻力、流场压强等为优化参数,进行了井道结构的优化设计;通过建立不同的井道结构计算模型,分析了不同阻塞比、开口比等参数对轿厢动态运行特性的影响规律。研究结果表明:加速过程结束时电梯轿厢所受空气阻力最大,阻塞比每提高10%,可增加3倍的轿厢阻力;在实际安装时开口比宜取0.25及以上。
Aiming at the aerodynamic problem of high-speed elevator, the dynamic operation characteristics of the elevator and the well structure were studied and optimized. The dynamic operation of high-speed and super-high-speed elevators were taken as the analysis object, the elastic smoothing method combined with mesh reconstruction method was used to generate dynamic mesh. The complex turbulent aerodynamic characteristics in the dynamic operation process of elevators were simulated, and the law of aerodynamic drag in the dynamic operation process was studied. The elevator car drag and the pressure of the flow field were taken as the optimization parameters, the optimization design of the well structure was carried out. The influence of different blocking ratio and opening ratio on the dynamic operation characteristics of elevator was analyzed by establishing different calculation models of well structure. The results show that the air resistance of the elevator car is the largest at the end of the acceleration. When the blocking ratio is increased by 10%, the resistance of the car can be increased by 3 times. For opening ratio, it is advisable to be 0.25 and above.
Aiming at the aerodynamic problem of high-speed elevator, the dynamic operation characteristics of the elevator and the well structure were studied and optimized. The dynamic operation of high-speed and super-high-speed elevators were taken as the analysis object, the elastic smoothing method combined with mesh reconstruction method was used to generate dynamic mesh. The complex turbulent aerodynamic characteristics in the dynamic operation process of elevators were simulated, and the law of aerodynamic drag in the dynamic operation process was studied. The elevator car drag and the pressure of the flow field were taken as the optimization parameters, the optimization design of the well structure was carried out. The influence of different blocking ratio and opening ratio on the dynamic operation characteristics of elevator was analyzed by establishing different calculation models of well structure. The results show that the air resistance of the elevator car is the largest at the end of the acceleration. When the blocking ratio is increased by 10%, the resistance of the car can be increased by 3 times. For opening ratio, it is advisable to be 0.25 and above.
引文
[1] 段燕晓.高速电梯在超高层建筑应用中的技术难题及方案探讨[D].天津:天津大学电气工程学院,2015.
[2] 马烨.高速电梯气动特性研究[J].装备机械,2013(2):46-48.
[3] 邱成东.电梯井道气动噪声问题的分析与研究[J].机械工程师,2014(3):218-219。
[4] 曾俊峰.超高速电梯关键部件气动特性分析与优化设计[D].杭州:浙江大学机械工程学系,2014.
[5] WANG X, LIN Z, TANG P, et al. Research of the blockage ratio the aerodynamic performance of high speed elevator[C]. International Conference on Mechatronics, Materials, Chemistry and Computer Engineering. 2015.
[6] 陈栋栋.基于不同井道模型的超高速电梯气动特性研究[J].机电工程,2016,33(11):1359-1363.
[7] WATANABE T, MUTO D, ABE Y, et al. Study on reduction of aerodynamic noise for ultra-high-speed elevator[C]. The Transportation and Logistics Conference. The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015.
[8] KAWAMURA Y, WATANABE T., KAWABATA R., et al. Aerodynamic force suppression method for passing the counter weight in the ultra-high speed elevator[J].Jsmeearc, 2016(9):9-12.
[9] 段颖,申功炘,张永刚.高速电梯气动特性实验模拟设备研制[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2004,30(5):444-447.
[10] 周爱国,梅存浩,林宝照.超高速电梯气压控制系统的风口布局优化分析[J].计算机仿真,2015,32(1):278-282.
[11] 史立群.高速电梯轿厢-对重交错过程气动力学的数值模拟[D].上海:上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,2007.
[12] 曾天.通丼道高速电梯多运行工况气动特性优化设计及其应用研究[D].杭州:浙江大学机械工程学院,2018.
[2] 马烨.高速电梯气动特性研究[J].装备机械,2013(2):46-48.
[3] 邱成东.电梯井道气动噪声问题的分析与研究[J].机械工程师,2014(3):218-219。
[4] 曾俊峰.超高速电梯关键部件气动特性分析与优化设计[D].杭州:浙江大学机械工程学系,2014.
[5] WANG X, LIN Z, TANG P, et al. Research of the blockage ratio the aerodynamic performance of high speed elevator[C]. International Conference on Mechatronics, Materials, Chemistry and Computer Engineering. 2015.
[6] 陈栋栋.基于不同井道模型的超高速电梯气动特性研究[J].机电工程,2016,33(11):1359-1363.
[7] WATANABE T, MUTO D, ABE Y, et al. Study on reduction of aerodynamic noise for ultra-high-speed elevator[C]. The Transportation and Logistics Conference. The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015.
[8] KAWAMURA Y, WATANABE T., KAWABATA R., et al. Aerodynamic force suppression method for passing the counter weight in the ultra-high speed elevator[J].Jsmeearc, 2016(9):9-12.
[9] 段颖,申功炘,张永刚.高速电梯气动特性实验模拟设备研制[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2004,30(5):444-447.
[10] 周爱国,梅存浩,林宝照.超高速电梯气压控制系统的风口布局优化分析[J].计算机仿真,2015,32(1):278-282.
[11] 史立群.高速电梯轿厢-对重交错过程气动力学的数值模拟[D].上海:上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,2007.
[12] 曾天.通丼道高速电梯多运行工况气动特性优化设计及其应用研究[D].杭州:浙江大学机械工程学院,2018.