宁波地区50岁及以上人群白内障流行病学调查
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摘要
目的调查宁波地区50岁及以上人群白内障患病率、手术情况及白内障盲社会负担率,评价宁波地区防盲治盲工作效果。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,于2015年3月至2016年7月在宁波地区随机抽取50岁及以上人群6059人作为调查对象,予以问卷调查、视力、眼压、电脑验光、裂隙灯显微镜、眼底镜检查。分析白内障的患病率,评估主要致盲眼病,并分析不同因素对白内障患病率的影响。结果实际5448位受检者中白内障患者1265例,患病率为23.22%。高龄、户外工作、沿海社区、糖尿病人群白内障患病率明显增高,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。在236眼行白内障手术中,213眼接受白内障超声乳化吸出联合人工晶状体植入术,术后日常生活视力≥0.7占28.81%,白内障盲手术覆盖率为85.11%,白内障盲社会负担率为1.73%。结论宁波地区白内障手术覆盖率较高,接受白内障手术人群多。今后宁波地区的防盲工作不但要提高白内障手术数量,而且要努力提高手术质量。
Objective To estimate the prevalence of cataract,the outcomes of cataract surgery and the rate of cataract blindness social burden among adults aged 50 or above in Ningbo and evaluate the efficacy of the prevention blindness program.Methods A total of 6059 individuals aged 50 and above were randomly selected in Ningbo from March 2015 to July 2016 by using the method of random cluster sampling.To assess the prevalence of cataract and the causes of major blinding ophthalmopathy,all the participants received the questionnaire survey,visual acuity,intraocular pressure,computer optometry,slit lamp microscope and fundus examination,followed by analysis of the influence of different factors on the prevalence of cataract.Results In 5448 individuals,there were 1265 individuals of cataract patients,with the prevalence of cataract was 23.22%.Advanced age,outdoor occupation,coastal area,diabetes had statistically significance on the prevalence of cataract(all P<0.05).In 236 eyes undergoing cataract surgery,213 eyes were performed with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation,Postoperative visual acuity more than 0.7 was 28.81%.The cataract surgical coverage rate was 85.11%,and the cataract blindness social burden rate was 1.73%.Conclusion The cataract surgical coverage rate is high and the number of people receiving cataract surgery is larger in Ningbo.Not only increases the number of cataract surgery in prevention blindness program,but also the quality of the cataract surgery should improve in the future in Ningbo.
Objective To estimate the prevalence of cataract,the outcomes of cataract surgery and the rate of cataract blindness social burden among adults aged 50 or above in Ningbo and evaluate the efficacy of the prevention blindness program.Methods A total of 6059 individuals aged 50 and above were randomly selected in Ningbo from March 2015 to July 2016 by using the method of random cluster sampling.To assess the prevalence of cataract and the causes of major blinding ophthalmopathy,all the participants received the questionnaire survey,visual acuity,intraocular pressure,computer optometry,slit lamp microscope and fundus examination,followed by analysis of the influence of different factors on the prevalence of cataract.Results In 5448 individuals,there were 1265 individuals of cataract patients,with the prevalence of cataract was 23.22%.Advanced age,outdoor occupation,coastal area,diabetes had statistically significance on the prevalence of cataract(all P<0.05).In 236 eyes undergoing cataract surgery,213 eyes were performed with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation,Postoperative visual acuity more than 0.7 was 28.81%.The cataract surgical coverage rate was 85.11%,and the cataract blindness social burden rate was 1.73%.Conclusion The cataract surgical coverage rate is high and the number of people receiving cataract surgery is larger in Ningbo.Not only increases the number of cataract surgery in prevention blindness program,but also the quality of the cataract surgery should improve in the future in Ningbo.
引文
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[5] FU L P,SONG F W,PAN X F.Present situation and influence factors of senile cataract in Huzhou of Zhejiang Province[J].Chin J Prim Med Pharm,2015,22(20):3057-3060.傅玲萍,宋峰伟,潘雪峰.浙江省湖州市老年性白内障患者现状及影响因素分析[J].中国基层医药,2015,22(20):3057-3060.
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[7] QI Y D.Epidemiological survey on incidence of cataract in persons of 50 years or over in a resident district[J].Chin J Ocul Traum Occupat Eye Dis,2017,39(1):42-45.齐跃东.某居民区50岁及以上人群白内障情况调查[J].中华眼外伤职业眼病杂志,2017,39(1):42-45.
[8] ZHOU J,YUAN Y,ZHANG X,YANG M,GUAN H J.Prevalence and surgery status of cataract among adults aged 60 years or above in two villages of Nantong[J].Chin J Ophthalmol,2017,53(7):514-521.周婧,袁媛,张徐,杨梅,管怀进.2008年江苏省南通市两个自然村60岁及以上人群白内障患病率和手术状况调查[J].中华眼科杂志,2017,53(7):514-521.
[9] LUAN L,YAO Y,FU D H,ZHU J,XIE T H,YIN L,et al.Survey of the cataract prevalence and surgical coverage rate among 50 or above in Wuxi City[J].Chin J Exp Ophthalmol,2014,32(6):551-555.栾兰,姚勇,傅东红,朱靖,谢田华,殷丽,等.无锡市50岁及以上人群白内障患病率和手术情况调查[J].中华实验眼科杂志,2014,32(6):551-555.
[10] LI F R,ZHAO J L,LU H,LIU H,MAO J,JIANG L J,et al.Prevalence and surgery status of cataract among adults aged 50 years or above in the Shunyi District of Beijing:the China Nine-Province Survey[J].Chin J Ophthalmol,2012,48(3):211-218.李凤荣,赵家良,陆宏,刘虎,毛进,降丽娟,等.我国九省眼病调查中北京市顺义区50岁及以上人群白内障患病率和手术状况的调查[J].中华眼科杂志2012,48(3):211-218.
[11] GUAN H J,YAO Y,LIANG C K,ZHU R R,LIU B H,QI Y X,et al.Prevalence and surgical status of cataract among adults aged 50 years or above in rural Jiangsu Province[J].Chin J Ophthalmol,2013,93(5):330-335.管怀进,姚勇,梁从凯,朱蓉嵘,刘必红,戚应祥,等.江苏省农村50岁及以上人群白内障患病率和手术状况调查[J].中华医学杂志,2013,93(5):330-335.
[12] LIU P,ZHOU H D,HU A L,HE G M.Critical elements of cataract prevention work in China[J].Chin J Ophthlmol,2017,53(11):801-804.刘平,邹海东,胡爱莲,何光明.白内障防盲治盲工作的关键要素[J].中华眼科杂志,2017,53(11):801-804.
[2] ZHAO J L,WANG Y,GAO X C,ELLWEIN L B,LIU H.Sampfing and measurement methods of the protocol design of the China Nine-Province Survey for blindness,visual impairment and cataract surgery[J].Chin J Ophthalmol,2011,47(9):779-784.赵家良,王羽,高学成,ELLWEIN L B,刘虎.我国九省眼病调查设计的抽样和测量方法[J].中华眼科杂志,2011,47(9):779-784.
[3] RESNIKOFF S,PASCOLINI D,MARIOTTI S P,POKHAREL G P.Global magnitude of visual impairment caused by uncorrected refractive errors in 2004[J].Bull World Health Organ,2008,86(1):63-70.
[4] LI T,DU L,DU L.Prevalence and causes of visual impairment and blindness in Shanxi Province,China[J].Ophthalmic Epidemiol,2015,22(4):239-245.
[5] FU L P,SONG F W,PAN X F.Present situation and influence factors of senile cataract in Huzhou of Zhejiang Province[J].Chin J Prim Med Pharm,2015,22(20):3057-3060.傅玲萍,宋峰伟,潘雪峰.浙江省湖州市老年性白内障患者现状及影响因素分析[J].中国基层医药,2015,22(20):3057-3060.
[6] GUAN H J,LU H,DAI Z,LI M,WANG Y,HU J Y,et al.Prevalence and surgery status of cataract among adults aged 50 years or above in Qidong City of Jiangsu Province:the China Nine-Province Survey[J].Chin J Ophthalmol,2012,48(3):219-225.管怀进,陆宏,戴追,李密,王燕,胡健艳,等.我国九省眼病调查中江苏省启东市50岁及以上人群白内障患病率和手术状况的调查[J].中华眼科杂志,2012,48(3):219-225.
[7] QI Y D.Epidemiological survey on incidence of cataract in persons of 50 years or over in a resident district[J].Chin J Ocul Traum Occupat Eye Dis,2017,39(1):42-45.齐跃东.某居民区50岁及以上人群白内障情况调查[J].中华眼外伤职业眼病杂志,2017,39(1):42-45.
[8] ZHOU J,YUAN Y,ZHANG X,YANG M,GUAN H J.Prevalence and surgery status of cataract among adults aged 60 years or above in two villages of Nantong[J].Chin J Ophthalmol,2017,53(7):514-521.周婧,袁媛,张徐,杨梅,管怀进.2008年江苏省南通市两个自然村60岁及以上人群白内障患病率和手术状况调查[J].中华眼科杂志,2017,53(7):514-521.
[9] LUAN L,YAO Y,FU D H,ZHU J,XIE T H,YIN L,et al.Survey of the cataract prevalence and surgical coverage rate among 50 or above in Wuxi City[J].Chin J Exp Ophthalmol,2014,32(6):551-555.栾兰,姚勇,傅东红,朱靖,谢田华,殷丽,等.无锡市50岁及以上人群白内障患病率和手术情况调查[J].中华实验眼科杂志,2014,32(6):551-555.
[10] LI F R,ZHAO J L,LU H,LIU H,MAO J,JIANG L J,et al.Prevalence and surgery status of cataract among adults aged 50 years or above in the Shunyi District of Beijing:the China Nine-Province Survey[J].Chin J Ophthalmol,2012,48(3):211-218.李凤荣,赵家良,陆宏,刘虎,毛进,降丽娟,等.我国九省眼病调查中北京市顺义区50岁及以上人群白内障患病率和手术状况的调查[J].中华眼科杂志2012,48(3):211-218.
[11] GUAN H J,YAO Y,LIANG C K,ZHU R R,LIU B H,QI Y X,et al.Prevalence and surgical status of cataract among adults aged 50 years or above in rural Jiangsu Province[J].Chin J Ophthalmol,2013,93(5):330-335.管怀进,姚勇,梁从凯,朱蓉嵘,刘必红,戚应祥,等.江苏省农村50岁及以上人群白内障患病率和手术状况调查[J].中华医学杂志,2013,93(5):330-335.
[12] LIU P,ZHOU H D,HU A L,HE G M.Critical elements of cataract prevention work in China[J].Chin J Ophthlmol,2017,53(11):801-804.刘平,邹海东,胡爱莲,何光明.白内障防盲治盲工作的关键要素[J].中华眼科杂志,2017,53(11):801-804.