西藏松多地区晚白垩世末期弧岩浆岩岩石成因及构造意义
|
摘要
新特提斯洋在晚白垩世末期(68Ma左右)的构造演化一直饱受争议。西藏松多地区晚白垩世末期弧岩浆岩包括花岗斑岩和二长花岗岩。锆石定年结果显示,二长花岗岩和花岗斑岩年龄均为68Ma。松多花岗斑岩和二长花岗岩的Si O_2含量为68.5%~80.6%,K_2O含量为4.1%~6.5%,P2O5含量为0.011%~0.058%。花岗斑岩Mg#值较低,为11.3~19.0,二长花岗岩Mg~#值为24.2~43.5。花岗斑岩和二长花岗岩样品均显示轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素亏损和明显的Eu(δEu=0.15~1.21)负异常。两者均富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U、K、Pb等,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti。花岗斑岩εHf(t)值为-0.9~+2.9,二阶段模式年龄T_(DM)~C在955~1196Ma之间;二长花岗岩εHf(t)值为-17.1~+7.9(只有1个点为负值),二阶段模式年龄在633~2219Ma之间。最终认为,松多地区晚白垩世末期二长花岗岩和花岗斑岩岩浆源区为新生下地壳,但花岗斑岩更靠近古老下地壳。结合区域资料,认为新特提斯洋在晚白垩世末期68Ma左右属于洋脊俯冲结束阶段。
The tectonic evolution of the Neo-Tethys Ocean in the last phase of Late Cretaceous around 68 Ma has been controversial.This paper firstly reports the last phase of Late Cretaceous arc igneous rocks in the Sumdo area of Tibet. They consist of granite porphyry and monzogranite. Zircon dating results show that the age of granite porphyry and monzogranite is 68 Ma. The granite porphyry and monzogranite have the data Si O_2(68.5%~80.6%), K_2 O(4.1%~6.5%), and P_2 O_5(0.011%~0.058%). The granite porphyry contains low Mg#values(11.3~19.0), and the monzogranite has high Mg~#values(24.2~43.5). The granite porphyry and monzogranite show light REE enrichment, heavy REE depletion, and obvious negative Eu anomalies. They both are enriched in large-ion lithophile elements such as Rb, Th, U, K and Pb, and depleted in high-field-strength elements such as Nb, Ta and Ti. The granite porphyry hasεHf(t) values ranging between-0.9 and +2.9, corresponding to T_(DM)~Cmodel ages 955~1196 Ma. TheεHf(t) values of the monzogranite are-17.1~+7.9, with only one point being negative, corresponding to T_(DM)~C model ages 633~2219 Ma. The authors have thus drawn the conclusion that the magma source of the granite porphyry and monzogranite in the Songdo area was new lower crust, but the granite porphyry was closer to the ancient lower crust. Combined with regional data, the authors hold that the Neo-Tethys Ocean belongsto the end stage of ocean ridge subduction in the last phase of Late Cretaceous around 68 Ma.
The tectonic evolution of the Neo-Tethys Ocean in the last phase of Late Cretaceous around 68 Ma has been controversial.This paper firstly reports the last phase of Late Cretaceous arc igneous rocks in the Sumdo area of Tibet. They consist of granite porphyry and monzogranite. Zircon dating results show that the age of granite porphyry and monzogranite is 68 Ma. The granite porphyry and monzogranite have the data Si O_2(68.5%~80.6%), K_2 O(4.1%~6.5%), and P_2 O_5(0.011%~0.058%). The granite porphyry contains low Mg#values(11.3~19.0), and the monzogranite has high Mg~#values(24.2~43.5). The granite porphyry and monzogranite show light REE enrichment, heavy REE depletion, and obvious negative Eu anomalies. They both are enriched in large-ion lithophile elements such as Rb, Th, U, K and Pb, and depleted in high-field-strength elements such as Nb, Ta and Ti. The granite porphyry hasεHf(t) values ranging between-0.9 and +2.9, corresponding to T_(DM)~Cmodel ages 955~1196 Ma. TheεHf(t) values of the monzogranite are-17.1~+7.9, with only one point being negative, corresponding to T_(DM)~C model ages 633~2219 Ma. The authors have thus drawn the conclusion that the magma source of the granite porphyry and monzogranite in the Songdo area was new lower crust, but the granite porphyry was closer to the ancient lower crust. Combined with regional data, the authors hold that the Neo-Tethys Ocean belongsto the end stage of ocean ridge subduction in the last phase of Late Cretaceous around 68 Ma.
引文
[1]莫宣学,董国臣,赵志丹,等.西藏冈底斯带花岗岩的时空分布特征及地壳生长演化信息[J].高校地质学报,2005,11(3):281-290.
[2]Wang R,Richards J P,Hou Z Q,et al.Zircon U–Pb age and Sr–Nd-Hf-O isotope geochemistry of the Paleocene-Eocene igneous rocks in western Gangdese:Evidence for the timing of Neo-Tethyan slab breakoff[J].Lithos,2015,224/225:179-194.
[3]Chu M F,Chung S L,Song B,et al.Zircon U-Pb and Hf isotope constraints on the Mesozoic tectonics and crustal evolution of Southern Tibet[J].Geology,2006,34(9):745.
[4]Ji W Q,Wu F Y,Chung S L,et al.Zircon U-Pb geochronology and hf isotopic constraints on petrogenesis of the Gangdese batholith,Southern Tibet[J].Chemical Geology,2009,62(3/4):229-245.
[5]Mo X,Niu Y L,Dong G,et al.Contribution of syncollisional felsic magmatism to continental crust growth:a case study of the paleogene linzizong volcanic succession in Southern Tibet[J].Chemical Geology,2008,250(1/4):49-67.
[6]管琪,朱弟成,赵志丹,等,西藏南部冈底斯带东段晚白垩世埃克岩:新特提斯洋脊俯冲的产物?[J].岩石学报,2010,26(7):2165-2179.
[7]孟繁一,赵志丹,朱弟成,等.西藏冈底斯东部门巴地区晚白垩世埃达克质岩的岩石成因[J].岩石学报,2010,26(7):2180-2192.
[8]Wen D R,Chung S L,Song B,et al.Late cretaceous gangdese intrusions of adakitic geochemical characteristics,Tibet:petrogenesis and tectonic implications[J].Lithos,2008,105(1):1-11.
[9]Ma L,Wang Q,Wyman D.A,et al.Late cretaceous(100-89 Ma)magnesian charnockites with adakitic affinities in the milin area,eastern gangdese:partial melting of subducted oceanic crust and implications for crustal growth in Southern Tibet[J].Lithos,2013,175/176(8):315-332.
[10]Zhang Q,Jin W,Li C,et al.Revisiting the new classification of granitic rocks based on whole-rock Sr and Yb contents:index[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2010,26(4):985-1015.
[11]Mo X X,Hou Z,Niu Y L,et al.Mantle contributions to crustal thickening during continental collision:evidence from cenozoic igneous rocks in southern Tibet[J].Lithos,2007,96(1):225-242.
[12]李才,程立人,胡克,等.西藏羌塘南部地区的冰海杂砾岩及其成因[J].吉林大学学报,1995,(4):368-374.
[13]李才,黄小鹏,翟庆国,等.龙木错-双湖-吉塘板块缝合带与青藏高原冈瓦纳北界[J].地学前缘,2006,13(4):136-147.
[14]李才,李永铁,林源贤,等.西藏双湖地区蓝闪片岩原岩Sm-Nd同位素定年[J].中国地质,2002,29(4):355-359.
[15]李才,翟庆国,董永胜,等.青藏高原羌塘中部榴辉岩的发现及其意义[J].科学通报,2006,51(1):70-74.
[16]李才.龙木错-双湖-澜沧江板块缝合带与石炭二叠纪冈瓦纳北界[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,1987,(2):155-166.
[17]李才.青藏高原龙木错-双湖-澜沧江板块缝合带研究二十年[J].地质论评,2008,54(1):105-119.
[18]王立全,潘桂棠,李才,等.藏北羌塘中部果干加年山早古生代堆晶辉长岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄——兼论原-古特提斯洋的演化[J].地质通报,2008,27(12):2045-2056.
[19]潘桂棠.东特提斯地质构造形成演化[M].北京:地质出版社,1997.
[20]潘桂棠,郑海翔,徐跃荣,等.初论班公湖-怒江结合带[C]//青藏高原地质文集.北京:地质出版社,1983:229-242.
[21]潘桂棠,莫宣学,侯增谦,等.冈底斯造山带的时空结构及演化[J].岩石学报,2006,22(3):521-533.
[22]Zhu D C,Zhao Z D,Niu Y L,et al.The origin and pre-cenozoic evolution of the Tibetan plateau[J].Gondwana Research,2013,23(4):1429-1454.
[23]Yin A,Harrison T M.Geologic evolution of the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen[J].Annual Review of Earth&Planetary Sciences,2000,28(28):211-280.
[24]Zhu D C,Zhao Z D,Niu Y L,et al.The Lhasa terrane:record of a microcontinent and its histories of drift and growth[J].Earth&Planetary Science Letters,2011,301(1/2):241-255.
[25]Harris N B W,Inger S,Ronghua X.Cretaceous plutonism in central Tibet:an example of post-collision magmatism?[J].Journal of Volcanology&Geothermal Research,1990,44(1):21-32.
[26]Coulon C,Maluski H,Bollinger C,et al.Mesozoic and cenozoic volcanic rocks from central and southern Tibet:39Ar-40Ar dating,petrological characteristics and geodynamical significance[J].Earth&Planetary Science Letters,1986,79(3):281-302.
[27]Lee H Y,Chung S L,Lo C H,et al.Eocene neotethyan slab breakoff in southern Tibet inferred from the linzizong volcanic record[J].Tectonophysics,2009,477(1):20-35.
[28]Pearce J A,Mei H.Volcanic rocks of the 1985 Tibet geotraverse:Lhasa to golmud[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London,1988,327(1594):169-201.
[29]Turner S,Arnaud N,Liu J,et al.Post-collision,shoshonitic volcanism on the Tibetan plateau:implications for convective thinning of the lithosphere and the source of ocean island basalts[J].Journal of Petrology,1996,37(1):45-71.
[30]Zhu D C,Zhao Z D,Niu Y,et al.Cambrian bimodal volcanism in the Lhasa terrane,southern Tibet:record of an early paleozoic andean-type magmatic arc in the australian proto-tethyan margin[J].Chemical Geology,2012,328(11):290-308.
[31]刘敏.青藏高原中部聂荣微陆块侏罗纪早期富碱侵入岩的岩石成因及构造意义[D].中国地质大学(北京)博士学位论文,2012.
[32]董彦辉,许继峰,曾庆高,等.存在比桑日群弧火山岩更早的新特提斯洋俯冲记录么?[J].岩石学报,2006,22(3):661-668.
[33]Zhu D C,Mo X X,Niu Y L,et al.Geochemical investigation of early cretaceous igneous rocks along an east–west traverse throughout the central Lhasa terrane,Tibet[J].Chemical Geology,2009,268(3/4):298-312.
[34]Zhu D C,Pan G T,Zhao Z D,et al.Early Cretaceous subductionrelated adakite-like rocks in the Gangdese,south Tibet:Products of slab melting and subsequent melt-peridotite interaction?[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2009,34(3):298-309.
[35]董国臣,莫宣学,赵志丹,等.拉萨北部林周盆地林子宗火山岩层序新议[J].地质通报,2005,24(6):549-557.
[36]董国臣.林周盆地林子宗火山岩及其所含的印度-欧亚大陆碰撞信息研究[D].中国地质大学(北京)博士学位论文,2002.
[37]周肃,莫宣学,董国臣,等.西藏林周盆地林子宗火山岩40Ar/39Ar年代格架[J].科学通报,2004,49(20):2095-2103.
[38]Miller C,Schuster R,Kl?tzli U,et al.Post-collisional potassic and ultrapotassic magmatism in sw Tibet:geochemical and Sr-Nd-PbO isotopic constraints for mantle source characteristics and petrogenesis[J].Journal of Petrology,1999,40(9):699-715.
[39]朱弟成,赵志丹,牛耀龄,等.拉萨地体的起源和古生代构造演化[J].高校地质学报,2012,18(1):1-15.
[40]张泽明,王金丽,赵国春,等.马拉雅造山带东构造结南迦巴瓦岩群地质年代学和前寒武纪构造演化[J].岩石学报,2008,24(7):1477-1487.
[41]Xu R H,Sch?rer U,Allègre C J.Magmatism and metamorphism in the Lhasa block(Tibet):a geochronological study[J].Journal of Geology,1985,93(1):41-57.
[42]何世平,李荣社,王超,等.青藏高原冈底斯北缘嘉玉桥群形成时代的确定[J].中国地质,2012,39(1):21-28.
[43]解超明,李才,范建军,等.青藏高原羌塘中部中—上奥陶统达瓦山组的建立及意义[J].地质通报,2015,34(10):1812-1820.
[44]于红.陕西商南松树沟橄榄岩矿物地球化学特征及成因机理示踪[D].中国地质大学(北京)博士学位论文,2011.
[45]Yuan H L,Gao S,Liu X M,et al.Accurate U-Pb Age and Trace Element Determinations of Zircon by Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry[J].Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research 2004,28:353-370.
[46]Anderson T.Correction of common lead in U-Pb analyses that do not report204Pb[J].Chemical Geology,2002,192(1):59-79.
[47]Ludwig K R.User's Manual for Isoplot 3.00:A Geochronological Toolkit for Microsoft Excel[M].Berkeley Geochronology Center Special Publication,Berkeley,No.4.7.2003.
[48]侯可军,李延河,邹天人,等.LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石Hf同位素的分析方法及地质应用[J].岩石学报,2007,23(10):2595-2604.
[49]Bouvier A,Vervoort J D,Patchett P J.The Lu-Hf and Sm-Nd isotopic composition of CHUR:Constraints from unequilibrated chondrites and implications for the bulk composition of terrestrial planets[J].Earth&Planetary Science Letters,2008,273(1/2):48-57.
[50]Griffin W L,Pearson N J,Belousova E,et al.The Hf isotope composition of cratonic mantle:LA-MC-ICPMS analysis of zircon megacrysts in kimberlites[J].Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,2000,64(1):133-147.
[51]Winchester J A,Floyd P A.Geochemical discrimination of different magma series and their differentiation products using immobile elements[J].Chemical Geology,1977,20(4):325-343.
[52]Peccerillo A,Taylor S R.Geochemistry of eocene calc-alkaline volcanic rocks from the Kastamonu area,Northern Turkey[J].Contributions to Mineralogy&Petrology,1976,58(1):63-81.
[53]Sun S S,Mcdonough W F.Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts:implications for mantle composition and processes[J].Geological Society London Special Publications,1989,42(1):313-345.
[54]Defant M J,Drummond M S.Derivation of some modern arc magmas by melting of young subducted lithosphere[J].Nature,1990,347(6294):662-665.
[55]Hu X,Garzanti E,Wang J,et al.The timing of india-asia collision onset-facts,theories,controversies[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2016,160:264-299.
[56]王强,赵振华.桐柏-大别造山带燕山晚期A型花岗岩的厘定[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2000,19(4):297-306.
[57]Joseph B.Whalen,Kenneth L.Currie,Bruce W.Chappell.Atype granites:geochemical characteristics,discrimination and petrogenesis[J].Contributions to Mineralogy&Petrology,1987,95(4):407-419.
[58]Sylvester P J.Post-collisional alkaline granites[J].The Journal of Geology,1989:261-280.
[59]Li S M,Zhu D C,Wang Q,et al.Northward subduction of Bangong-Nujiang Tethys:insight from late Jurassic intrusive rocks from Bangongtso in western Tibet[J].Lithos,2014,205(9):284-297.
[60]Li X H,Li W X,Li Z X.On the genetic classification and tectonic implications of the early Yanshanian granitoids in the nanling range,south China[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2007,52(14):1873-1885.
[61]Chappell B W.Aluminium saturation in I-and S-type granites and the characterization of fractionated haplogranites[J].Lithos,1999,46:535-551.
[62]Green T H,Watson E B.Crystallization of apatite in natural magmas under high pressure,hydrous conditions,with particular reference to‘orogenic’rock series[J].Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology,1982,79(1):96-105.
[63]Watson E B.Apatite saturation in basic to intermediate magmas[J].Geophysical Research Letters,1979,6(12):937-940.
[64]Watson E B,Capobianco C J.Phosphorus and the rare earth elements in felsic magmas:an assessment of the role of apatite[J].Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,1981,45(12):2349–2358.
[65]Wolf M B,London D.Apatite dissolution into peraluminous haplogranitic melts:an experimental study of solubilities and mechanisms[J].Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,1994,58(19):4127-4145.
[66]Clemens J D.S-type granitic magmas—petrogenetic issues,models and evidence[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2003,61(1/2):1-18.
[67]Maniar P D,Piccoli P M.Tectonic discrimination of granitoids[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,1989,101(5):635-643.
[68]Liu J H,Xie C M,Li C,et al.Early Carboniferous adakite-like and I-type granites in central Qiangtang,northern Tibet:Implications for intra-oceanic subduction and back-arc basin formation within the Paleo-Tethys Ocean[J].Lithos,2018.296/299:265-280.
[69]张旗,潘国强,李承东,等.花岗岩构造环境问题:关于花岗岩研究的思考之三[J].岩石学报,2007,23(11):2683-2698.
[70]吴浩.青藏高原羌塘中部375-200 Ma多期次岩浆作用[D].吉林大学博士学位论文,2016.
[71]Taylor S R,Mclennan S M.The geochemical evolution of the continental crust[J].Reviews of Geophysics,1995,33(2):241-265.
[72]唐功建,王强.高镁安山岩及其地球动力学意义[J].岩石学报,2010,26(8):2495-2512.
[73]王金丽,张泽明,石超.拉萨地体东南缘的多期深熔作用及动力学[J].岩石学报,2008,24(7):1539-1551
[74]Kamei A.An adakitic pluton on Kyushu island,southwest Japan arc[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2004,24(1):43-58.
[75]赵振华,王强,熊小林,等.新疆北部的富镁火成岩[J].岩石学报,2007,23(7):1696-1707.
[76]Geng H,Sun M,Yuan C,et al.Geochemical,Sr-Nd and zircon U*-Pb-Hf isotopic studies of Late Carboniferous magmatism in the west Junggar,Xinjiang:implications for ridge subduction?[J].Chemical Geology,2009,266(3/4):364-389.
[77]Tang G,Wang Q,Wyman D A,et al.Ridge subduction and crustal growth in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt:evidence from Late Carboniferous adakites and high-Mg diorites in the western Junggar region,northern Xinjiang(west China)[J].Chemical Geology,2010,277(3/4):281-300.
[78]胡洋,王居里,王建其,等.新疆西准噶尔庙尔沟岩体的地球化学及年代学研究[J].岩石学报,2015,31(2):505-522.
[79]Cole R B,Nelson S W,Layer P W,et al.Eocene volcanism above a depleted mantle slab window in southern Alaska[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,2006,118(1):140-158.
[80]Kinoshita O.Possible manifestations of slab window in Cretaceous southwest Japan[J].Tectonophysics,2002,344(1):1-13.
[2]Wang R,Richards J P,Hou Z Q,et al.Zircon U–Pb age and Sr–Nd-Hf-O isotope geochemistry of the Paleocene-Eocene igneous rocks in western Gangdese:Evidence for the timing of Neo-Tethyan slab breakoff[J].Lithos,2015,224/225:179-194.
[3]Chu M F,Chung S L,Song B,et al.Zircon U-Pb and Hf isotope constraints on the Mesozoic tectonics and crustal evolution of Southern Tibet[J].Geology,2006,34(9):745.
[4]Ji W Q,Wu F Y,Chung S L,et al.Zircon U-Pb geochronology and hf isotopic constraints on petrogenesis of the Gangdese batholith,Southern Tibet[J].Chemical Geology,2009,62(3/4):229-245.
[5]Mo X,Niu Y L,Dong G,et al.Contribution of syncollisional felsic magmatism to continental crust growth:a case study of the paleogene linzizong volcanic succession in Southern Tibet[J].Chemical Geology,2008,250(1/4):49-67.
[6]管琪,朱弟成,赵志丹,等,西藏南部冈底斯带东段晚白垩世埃克岩:新特提斯洋脊俯冲的产物?[J].岩石学报,2010,26(7):2165-2179.
[7]孟繁一,赵志丹,朱弟成,等.西藏冈底斯东部门巴地区晚白垩世埃达克质岩的岩石成因[J].岩石学报,2010,26(7):2180-2192.
[8]Wen D R,Chung S L,Song B,et al.Late cretaceous gangdese intrusions of adakitic geochemical characteristics,Tibet:petrogenesis and tectonic implications[J].Lithos,2008,105(1):1-11.
[9]Ma L,Wang Q,Wyman D.A,et al.Late cretaceous(100-89 Ma)magnesian charnockites with adakitic affinities in the milin area,eastern gangdese:partial melting of subducted oceanic crust and implications for crustal growth in Southern Tibet[J].Lithos,2013,175/176(8):315-332.
[10]Zhang Q,Jin W,Li C,et al.Revisiting the new classification of granitic rocks based on whole-rock Sr and Yb contents:index[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2010,26(4):985-1015.
[11]Mo X X,Hou Z,Niu Y L,et al.Mantle contributions to crustal thickening during continental collision:evidence from cenozoic igneous rocks in southern Tibet[J].Lithos,2007,96(1):225-242.
[12]李才,程立人,胡克,等.西藏羌塘南部地区的冰海杂砾岩及其成因[J].吉林大学学报,1995,(4):368-374.
[13]李才,黄小鹏,翟庆国,等.龙木错-双湖-吉塘板块缝合带与青藏高原冈瓦纳北界[J].地学前缘,2006,13(4):136-147.
[14]李才,李永铁,林源贤,等.西藏双湖地区蓝闪片岩原岩Sm-Nd同位素定年[J].中国地质,2002,29(4):355-359.
[15]李才,翟庆国,董永胜,等.青藏高原羌塘中部榴辉岩的发现及其意义[J].科学通报,2006,51(1):70-74.
[16]李才.龙木错-双湖-澜沧江板块缝合带与石炭二叠纪冈瓦纳北界[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,1987,(2):155-166.
[17]李才.青藏高原龙木错-双湖-澜沧江板块缝合带研究二十年[J].地质论评,2008,54(1):105-119.
[18]王立全,潘桂棠,李才,等.藏北羌塘中部果干加年山早古生代堆晶辉长岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄——兼论原-古特提斯洋的演化[J].地质通报,2008,27(12):2045-2056.
[19]潘桂棠.东特提斯地质构造形成演化[M].北京:地质出版社,1997.
[20]潘桂棠,郑海翔,徐跃荣,等.初论班公湖-怒江结合带[C]//青藏高原地质文集.北京:地质出版社,1983:229-242.
[21]潘桂棠,莫宣学,侯增谦,等.冈底斯造山带的时空结构及演化[J].岩石学报,2006,22(3):521-533.
[22]Zhu D C,Zhao Z D,Niu Y L,et al.The origin and pre-cenozoic evolution of the Tibetan plateau[J].Gondwana Research,2013,23(4):1429-1454.
[23]Yin A,Harrison T M.Geologic evolution of the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen[J].Annual Review of Earth&Planetary Sciences,2000,28(28):211-280.
[24]Zhu D C,Zhao Z D,Niu Y L,et al.The Lhasa terrane:record of a microcontinent and its histories of drift and growth[J].Earth&Planetary Science Letters,2011,301(1/2):241-255.
[25]Harris N B W,Inger S,Ronghua X.Cretaceous plutonism in central Tibet:an example of post-collision magmatism?[J].Journal of Volcanology&Geothermal Research,1990,44(1):21-32.
[26]Coulon C,Maluski H,Bollinger C,et al.Mesozoic and cenozoic volcanic rocks from central and southern Tibet:39Ar-40Ar dating,petrological characteristics and geodynamical significance[J].Earth&Planetary Science Letters,1986,79(3):281-302.
[27]Lee H Y,Chung S L,Lo C H,et al.Eocene neotethyan slab breakoff in southern Tibet inferred from the linzizong volcanic record[J].Tectonophysics,2009,477(1):20-35.
[28]Pearce J A,Mei H.Volcanic rocks of the 1985 Tibet geotraverse:Lhasa to golmud[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London,1988,327(1594):169-201.
[29]Turner S,Arnaud N,Liu J,et al.Post-collision,shoshonitic volcanism on the Tibetan plateau:implications for convective thinning of the lithosphere and the source of ocean island basalts[J].Journal of Petrology,1996,37(1):45-71.
[30]Zhu D C,Zhao Z D,Niu Y,et al.Cambrian bimodal volcanism in the Lhasa terrane,southern Tibet:record of an early paleozoic andean-type magmatic arc in the australian proto-tethyan margin[J].Chemical Geology,2012,328(11):290-308.
[31]刘敏.青藏高原中部聂荣微陆块侏罗纪早期富碱侵入岩的岩石成因及构造意义[D].中国地质大学(北京)博士学位论文,2012.
[32]董彦辉,许继峰,曾庆高,等.存在比桑日群弧火山岩更早的新特提斯洋俯冲记录么?[J].岩石学报,2006,22(3):661-668.
[33]Zhu D C,Mo X X,Niu Y L,et al.Geochemical investigation of early cretaceous igneous rocks along an east–west traverse throughout the central Lhasa terrane,Tibet[J].Chemical Geology,2009,268(3/4):298-312.
[34]Zhu D C,Pan G T,Zhao Z D,et al.Early Cretaceous subductionrelated adakite-like rocks in the Gangdese,south Tibet:Products of slab melting and subsequent melt-peridotite interaction?[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2009,34(3):298-309.
[35]董国臣,莫宣学,赵志丹,等.拉萨北部林周盆地林子宗火山岩层序新议[J].地质通报,2005,24(6):549-557.
[36]董国臣.林周盆地林子宗火山岩及其所含的印度-欧亚大陆碰撞信息研究[D].中国地质大学(北京)博士学位论文,2002.
[37]周肃,莫宣学,董国臣,等.西藏林周盆地林子宗火山岩40Ar/39Ar年代格架[J].科学通报,2004,49(20):2095-2103.
[38]Miller C,Schuster R,Kl?tzli U,et al.Post-collisional potassic and ultrapotassic magmatism in sw Tibet:geochemical and Sr-Nd-PbO isotopic constraints for mantle source characteristics and petrogenesis[J].Journal of Petrology,1999,40(9):699-715.
[39]朱弟成,赵志丹,牛耀龄,等.拉萨地体的起源和古生代构造演化[J].高校地质学报,2012,18(1):1-15.
[40]张泽明,王金丽,赵国春,等.马拉雅造山带东构造结南迦巴瓦岩群地质年代学和前寒武纪构造演化[J].岩石学报,2008,24(7):1477-1487.
[41]Xu R H,Sch?rer U,Allègre C J.Magmatism and metamorphism in the Lhasa block(Tibet):a geochronological study[J].Journal of Geology,1985,93(1):41-57.
[42]何世平,李荣社,王超,等.青藏高原冈底斯北缘嘉玉桥群形成时代的确定[J].中国地质,2012,39(1):21-28.
[43]解超明,李才,范建军,等.青藏高原羌塘中部中—上奥陶统达瓦山组的建立及意义[J].地质通报,2015,34(10):1812-1820.
[44]于红.陕西商南松树沟橄榄岩矿物地球化学特征及成因机理示踪[D].中国地质大学(北京)博士学位论文,2011.
[45]Yuan H L,Gao S,Liu X M,et al.Accurate U-Pb Age and Trace Element Determinations of Zircon by Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry[J].Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research 2004,28:353-370.
[46]Anderson T.Correction of common lead in U-Pb analyses that do not report204Pb[J].Chemical Geology,2002,192(1):59-79.
[47]Ludwig K R.User's Manual for Isoplot 3.00:A Geochronological Toolkit for Microsoft Excel[M].Berkeley Geochronology Center Special Publication,Berkeley,No.4.7.2003.
[48]侯可军,李延河,邹天人,等.LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石Hf同位素的分析方法及地质应用[J].岩石学报,2007,23(10):2595-2604.
[49]Bouvier A,Vervoort J D,Patchett P J.The Lu-Hf and Sm-Nd isotopic composition of CHUR:Constraints from unequilibrated chondrites and implications for the bulk composition of terrestrial planets[J].Earth&Planetary Science Letters,2008,273(1/2):48-57.
[50]Griffin W L,Pearson N J,Belousova E,et al.The Hf isotope composition of cratonic mantle:LA-MC-ICPMS analysis of zircon megacrysts in kimberlites[J].Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,2000,64(1):133-147.
[51]Winchester J A,Floyd P A.Geochemical discrimination of different magma series and their differentiation products using immobile elements[J].Chemical Geology,1977,20(4):325-343.
[52]Peccerillo A,Taylor S R.Geochemistry of eocene calc-alkaline volcanic rocks from the Kastamonu area,Northern Turkey[J].Contributions to Mineralogy&Petrology,1976,58(1):63-81.
[53]Sun S S,Mcdonough W F.Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts:implications for mantle composition and processes[J].Geological Society London Special Publications,1989,42(1):313-345.
[54]Defant M J,Drummond M S.Derivation of some modern arc magmas by melting of young subducted lithosphere[J].Nature,1990,347(6294):662-665.
[55]Hu X,Garzanti E,Wang J,et al.The timing of india-asia collision onset-facts,theories,controversies[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2016,160:264-299.
[56]王强,赵振华.桐柏-大别造山带燕山晚期A型花岗岩的厘定[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2000,19(4):297-306.
[57]Joseph B.Whalen,Kenneth L.Currie,Bruce W.Chappell.Atype granites:geochemical characteristics,discrimination and petrogenesis[J].Contributions to Mineralogy&Petrology,1987,95(4):407-419.
[58]Sylvester P J.Post-collisional alkaline granites[J].The Journal of Geology,1989:261-280.
[59]Li S M,Zhu D C,Wang Q,et al.Northward subduction of Bangong-Nujiang Tethys:insight from late Jurassic intrusive rocks from Bangongtso in western Tibet[J].Lithos,2014,205(9):284-297.
[60]Li X H,Li W X,Li Z X.On the genetic classification and tectonic implications of the early Yanshanian granitoids in the nanling range,south China[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2007,52(14):1873-1885.
[61]Chappell B W.Aluminium saturation in I-and S-type granites and the characterization of fractionated haplogranites[J].Lithos,1999,46:535-551.
[62]Green T H,Watson E B.Crystallization of apatite in natural magmas under high pressure,hydrous conditions,with particular reference to‘orogenic’rock series[J].Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology,1982,79(1):96-105.
[63]Watson E B.Apatite saturation in basic to intermediate magmas[J].Geophysical Research Letters,1979,6(12):937-940.
[64]Watson E B,Capobianco C J.Phosphorus and the rare earth elements in felsic magmas:an assessment of the role of apatite[J].Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,1981,45(12):2349–2358.
[65]Wolf M B,London D.Apatite dissolution into peraluminous haplogranitic melts:an experimental study of solubilities and mechanisms[J].Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,1994,58(19):4127-4145.
[66]Clemens J D.S-type granitic magmas—petrogenetic issues,models and evidence[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2003,61(1/2):1-18.
[67]Maniar P D,Piccoli P M.Tectonic discrimination of granitoids[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,1989,101(5):635-643.
[68]Liu J H,Xie C M,Li C,et al.Early Carboniferous adakite-like and I-type granites in central Qiangtang,northern Tibet:Implications for intra-oceanic subduction and back-arc basin formation within the Paleo-Tethys Ocean[J].Lithos,2018.296/299:265-280.
[69]张旗,潘国强,李承东,等.花岗岩构造环境问题:关于花岗岩研究的思考之三[J].岩石学报,2007,23(11):2683-2698.
[70]吴浩.青藏高原羌塘中部375-200 Ma多期次岩浆作用[D].吉林大学博士学位论文,2016.
[71]Taylor S R,Mclennan S M.The geochemical evolution of the continental crust[J].Reviews of Geophysics,1995,33(2):241-265.
[72]唐功建,王强.高镁安山岩及其地球动力学意义[J].岩石学报,2010,26(8):2495-2512.
[73]王金丽,张泽明,石超.拉萨地体东南缘的多期深熔作用及动力学[J].岩石学报,2008,24(7):1539-1551
[74]Kamei A.An adakitic pluton on Kyushu island,southwest Japan arc[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2004,24(1):43-58.
[75]赵振华,王强,熊小林,等.新疆北部的富镁火成岩[J].岩石学报,2007,23(7):1696-1707.
[76]Geng H,Sun M,Yuan C,et al.Geochemical,Sr-Nd and zircon U*-Pb-Hf isotopic studies of Late Carboniferous magmatism in the west Junggar,Xinjiang:implications for ridge subduction?[J].Chemical Geology,2009,266(3/4):364-389.
[77]Tang G,Wang Q,Wyman D A,et al.Ridge subduction and crustal growth in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt:evidence from Late Carboniferous adakites and high-Mg diorites in the western Junggar region,northern Xinjiang(west China)[J].Chemical Geology,2010,277(3/4):281-300.
[78]胡洋,王居里,王建其,等.新疆西准噶尔庙尔沟岩体的地球化学及年代学研究[J].岩石学报,2015,31(2):505-522.
[79]Cole R B,Nelson S W,Layer P W,et al.Eocene volcanism above a depleted mantle slab window in southern Alaska[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,2006,118(1):140-158.
[80]Kinoshita O.Possible manifestations of slab window in Cretaceous southwest Japan[J].Tectonophysics,2002,344(1):1-13.