中国六座城市中学生意外伤害流行现况及影响因素
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摘要
目的了解中国6城市中学生意外伤害现状,为更好地预防青少年意外伤害提供理论依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,选取沈阳、新乡、阳江、重庆、乌兰察布、蚌埠33所学校共22 628名初、高中学生,进行青少年身心健康监测问卷调查。结果中学生意外伤害总检出率为46.7%,其中男生(47.9%)高于女生(45.6%),初中生(50.6%)高于高中生(42.4%),差异均有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为12.643,150.656,P值均<0.05)。最常见的意外伤害类型是擦伤/刮蹭伤(29.4%)、坠落/绊倒伤(19.7%)、刺伤/割伤(16.3%)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,初中生、生源地为农村、每周体力活动量多以及参加运动队是中学生发生意外伤害的危险因素(P值均<0.05),经济发达地区中学生意外伤害发生风险低于经济欠发达地区(OR=1.24,P<0.05)。结论中国6座城市中学生意外伤害检出率较高。意外伤害受多种危险因素影响,在制定预防措施时应针对不同危险因素有所侧重。
Objective To understand the current situation of unintentional injuries among middle school students in China.Methods A total of 22 628 middle school students from thirty-three schools in six cities of China were selected by stratified cluster sampling method. Demographic characteristics and unintentional injuries was collected through questionnaire survey. Results The total detection rate of injury was 46.7%,male students( 47.9%) higher than female students( 45.6%),and the junior high school students( 50.6%) higher than senior high school students( 42. 4%). The differences were statistically significant( χ~2= 12. 643,150. 656,P < 0. 05). The most common types of unintentional injuries were abrasions or scrapes( 29. 4%),falling or tripping( 19. 7%) and stabbing or cutting( 16.3%). Logistic regression analysis showed that junior middle school students,live in rural areas,physical activities and participation in sports teams were risk factors for unintentional injuries among middle school students( P<0. 05). The risk of unintentional injury among middle school students in economically developed areas was lower than that in less developed areas( χ~2= 55. 11,P < 0. 05). Conclusion The prevalence rate of unintentional injuries among Chinese middle school students in six cities is higher. The unintentional injuries are multifactorial,and priorities should be given to the different risk factors when establish the preventive measures.
Objective To understand the current situation of unintentional injuries among middle school students in China.Methods A total of 22 628 middle school students from thirty-three schools in six cities of China were selected by stratified cluster sampling method. Demographic characteristics and unintentional injuries was collected through questionnaire survey. Results The total detection rate of injury was 46.7%,male students( 47.9%) higher than female students( 45.6%),and the junior high school students( 50.6%) higher than senior high school students( 42. 4%). The differences were statistically significant( χ~2= 12. 643,150. 656,P < 0. 05). The most common types of unintentional injuries were abrasions or scrapes( 29. 4%),falling or tripping( 19. 7%) and stabbing or cutting( 16.3%). Logistic regression analysis showed that junior middle school students,live in rural areas,physical activities and participation in sports teams were risk factors for unintentional injuries among middle school students( P<0. 05). The risk of unintentional injury among middle school students in economically developed areas was lower than that in less developed areas( χ~2= 55. 11,P < 0. 05). Conclusion The prevalence rate of unintentional injuries among Chinese middle school students in six cities is higher. The unintentional injuries are multifactorial,and priorities should be given to the different risk factors when establish the preventive measures.
引文
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[2]谌丁艳,周丽,吴宇,等.深圳市中小学生伤害特征分析[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(11):1737-1739.
[3]吴岩,石荣兴,芦然,等.2012年北京市丰台区中小学学生伤害流行病学调查分析[J].职业与健康,2013,29(20):372-373.
[4]FENG W,GONG Q,LIU K.Analysis of behavioural characteristics related to unintentional injury in Southeast Chinese adolescents:evidence from a school-based survey[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health,2017,14(3):241.
[5]王络.最新中国城市分组名单出炉厦、榕跻身一线城市[J].福建质量管理,2014(Z1):48-49.
[6]国家卫生和计划生育委员会,中国国家标准化管理委员会.儿童青少年伤害监测方法GB/T 31180-2014[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015:1-4.
[7]杨剑,刘晓玲,周亚敏,等.澳门地区中学生伤害现况及影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生,2014,30(1):98-101.
[8]张小平,汪鑫.九江市中学生意外伤害现状及影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生,2008,24(11):1319-1320.
[9]聂少萍,沈少君,麦哲恒,等.广东省中学生伤害现况及影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(4):493-496.
[10]顾璇,卞莉,李红影,等.蚌埠市中学生伤害发生现状及其与社会适应的关系分析[J].实用预防医学,2014,21(9):1065-1067.
[11]万幸,余小鸣,段佳丽,等.北京市监测点校中学生伤害监测结果分析[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(7):1022-1024.
[12]章显传,陈镭,刘桂英.温州市中学生伤害现况调查及影响因素分析[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2017,25(4):277-280.
[13]黄志伟,艾东,金岳龙,等.芜湖市中学生伤害危险因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(6):712-714.
[14]HOWARD A F,COSTICH J F,MATTACOLA C G,et al.A statewide assessment of youth sports-and recreation-related injuries using emergency department administrative records[J].J Adoles Health,2014,55(5):627-632.
[15]张海柱.沈阳市于洪区中学生伤害发生情况及影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(5):782-784.
[16]郭丽,张栓虎,邵红毅,等.安阳市2013年青少年伤害相关危险行为状况[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(7):1109-1111.
[17]常豫红,范颂,陈航,等.泸州市2014年初中生伤害发生状况分析[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(11):1666-1669.
[18]于英,李铭函,张巍.大连市中学体育伤害事故现状的调查与分析[J].辽宁师范大学学报(自然科学版),2017(1):126-134.