秋水仙素对红肉火龙果种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响
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摘要
以红皮红肉火龙果红仙蜜种子为试材,分别采用0.01%～0.30%(W/V)浓度秋水仙素浸泡干种子和露白种子,研究秋水仙素对火龙果种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:与对照(蒸馏水浸泡)相比,随着秋水仙素浓度的升高或浸种时间的延长,火龙果种子发芽率、幼苗存活率和苗长均有不同程度的降低;露白种子对秋水仙素的作用更敏感,0.01%秋水仙素24 h、0.05%秋水仙素12 h均对苗长有明显的抑制作用。秋水仙素浸种和露白处理后分别可获得0.2%～4.2%和0.2%～15.8%的植株变异率。其中,以0.20%、0.30%秋水仙素浸种24～48 h或者0.20%秋水仙素露白处理12～24 h诱导红肉火龙果多倍体效果较适宜。
Taking seeds from red pitaya‘ Hongxianmi' fruit( Hylocereus polyrhizus) as experiment materials,the effects of 0.01 %～0.30%( W/V) colchicines with different exposure time on seed germination and seedling growth were studied. The results showed that,compared with the control( treated by distilled water),the seed germination rate,survival rate and seedling length were inhibited by soaking-seed with the increasing of colchicine concentration and/or the extension of exposure time. The water-soaked-well seeds were more sensitive to colchicine,e.g. the seedling lengths were significant suppressed by the two treatments of 0.01% colchicine for 24 hours or 0.05%colchicine for 12 hours. Meanwhile,colchicine soaking-seed and water-soaked-well seeds would obtain 0.2%～4.2%and 0.2%～15.8% morphological variation seedling,respectively. The most efficient induction combination of ploidy variation was 0.20%,0.3% colchicine soaking-seed with 24～48 hours exposure or 0.20% colchicine water-soakedwell seeds with 12～24 hours exposure.
Taking seeds from red pitaya‘ Hongxianmi' fruit( Hylocereus polyrhizus) as experiment materials,the effects of 0.01 %～0.30%( W/V) colchicines with different exposure time on seed germination and seedling growth were studied. The results showed that,compared with the control( treated by distilled water),the seed germination rate,survival rate and seedling length were inhibited by soaking-seed with the increasing of colchicine concentration and/or the extension of exposure time. The water-soaked-well seeds were more sensitive to colchicine,e.g. the seedling lengths were significant suppressed by the two treatments of 0.01% colchicine for 24 hours or 0.05%colchicine for 12 hours. Meanwhile,colchicine soaking-seed and water-soaked-well seeds would obtain 0.2%～4.2%and 0.2%～15.8% morphological variation seedling,respectively. The most efficient induction combination of ploidy variation was 0.20%,0.3% colchicine soaking-seed with 24～48 hours exposure or 0.20% colchicine water-soakedwell seeds with 12～24 hours exposure.
引文
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[2]刘顺枝,刘政洁,林润怡,等.白肉火龙果染色体制片技术及核型分析[J].广东农业科学,2015,42(3):115-118,193.
[3]陆树华,谭艳芳,黄甫昭,等.4个火龙果品种在岩溶石山区的表现及生态适应性研究[J].广东农业科学,2018,45(4):51-56.
[4]方壵,陈于陇,徐玉娟,等.1-MCP抵制纸片对火龙果贮藏品质的影响[J].广东农业科学,2016,43(1):105-110.
[5]李加强,叶耀雄,叶永昌,等.粉肉火龙果优良单株评价筛选初报[J].中国南方果树,2014,43(4):94-96.
[6]郑伟,王彬,蔡永强,等.火龙果新品种‘黔果2号’[J].园艺学报,2 016,43(11):2285-2286.
[7]李洪立,胡文斌,洪青梅,等.30份火龙果种质资源收集保存与初步鉴定评价[J].热带作物学报,2017,38(11):2034-2039.
[8]Pan L M,Fu J X,Zhang R,et al.Genetic diversity among germplasms of pitaya based on SSR markers[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2017,225:171-176.
[9]李涛,王明月,杜海群,等.红肉火龙果与白肉火龙果的品质分析[J].保鲜与加工,2015,15(4):59-61,65.
[10]董美超,岳建强,李进学,等.火龙果育种研究进展[J].热带农业科学,2013,33(5):56-59.
[11]韦同路,郭大勇,谢宗周,等.植物四倍体抗性及其机理研究进展[J].植物科学学报,2017,35(3):435-443.
[12]Salma U,Kundu S,Mandal N.Arpolyploidy in medicinal plants:Advancement in the last two decades and impending prospects[J].Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology,2017,20(1):9-19.
[13]周慧文,冯斗,严华兵.秋水仙素离体诱导多倍体研究进展[J].核农学报,2015,29(7):1307-1315.
[14]吴谦,齐开杰,殷豪,等.诱变技术在落叶果树育种中的应用[J].园艺学报,2016,43(9):1633-1652.
[15]邵冰洁,王思琦,刘江淼,等.黑果枸杞和宁夏枸杞的多倍体诱导和鉴定[J].分子植物育种,2018,16(8):2593-2599.
[16]Tel-Zur N,Dudai M,Raveh E,et al.In situ induction of chromosome doubling in vine cacti(Cactaceae)[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2011,129:570-576.
[17]邓仁菊,范建新,王永清,等.秋水仙素诱导火龙果多倍体研究[C].园艺植物染色体倍性操作与遗传改良学术研讨会,2012.
[18]Wu J H.Seed attributes in fruit of colchicineinduced tetraploids of Actinidia chinensis[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2014,172:265-270.
[19]柳觐.孔广红,倪书邦,等.澳洲坚果多倍体的化学诱导及流式细胞术鉴定[J].热带作物学报,2013,34(11):2138-2144.
[20]刘福妹,穆怀志,刘子嘉,等.用秋水仙素处理不同家系白桦种子诱导四倍体的研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2013,35(3):84-89.
[21]穆红梅,杨传秀,陆长民,等.秋水仙素处理日本矮紫薇种子变异的初步研究[J].北方园艺,2017(17):103-105.
[22]房永雨,谢锐,于肖夏,等.秋水仙素处理高丹草杂种F1种子诱变效果分析[J].中国草地学报,2016,35(6):40-45.