航空发动机用高温合金真空热处理技术
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摘要
依据航空发动机高温合金零件高性能和高可靠性的要求,以及零件表面完整性和热处理温度高的特点,对真空热处理制度的确定、设备和工装的选择等方面进行了探讨和分析。并从真空热处理作为特种工艺的角度,介绍了在国际航空工业中依据AS9100航空质量管理体系要求和NADCAP特种工艺过程认证要求采用的工艺过程质量控制方法,以及高温测量、工艺测试和监控的具体要求。
Superalloy components in aero-engine require high performance,high reliability,surface integrity,as well as heat-treatment at high temperature. From above aspects,the determination of vacuum heat treatment parameters and the selection of heat treatment furnaces and fixtures are discussed and analyzed. From the perspective of vacuum heat treatment as a special process,the process quality control methods according to AS9100 aerospace quality management system requirements and NADCAP special process accreditation requirements in international aviation industry,as well as specific requirements of pyrometry,process tests and monitoring were introduced.
Superalloy components in aero-engine require high performance,high reliability,surface integrity,as well as heat-treatment at high temperature. From above aspects,the determination of vacuum heat treatment parameters and the selection of heat treatment furnaces and fixtures are discussed and analyzed. From the perspective of vacuum heat treatment as a special process,the process quality control methods according to AS9100 aerospace quality management system requirements and NADCAP special process accreditation requirements in international aviation industry,as well as specific requirements of pyrometry,process tests and monitoring were introduced.
引文
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[17]周舸,张善庆,莫卫红,等.真空热处理对DD6单晶合金表面氧化的影响[J].金属热处理,2016,41(6):155-158.Zhou Ge,Zhang Shanqing,Mo Weihong,et al.Effect of vacuum heat treatment on surface oxidization of single crystal superalloy DD6[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2010,35(12):14-20.
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[19]金荣植.热处理工装的轻量化及其材料优化[J].金属加工,2017(1/2):31-34.
[2]秦琴,毛子荐,刘昭凡.高温合金在航空发动机领域的应用现状与发展[J].工具技术,2017,51(9):3-6.Qin Qin,Mao Zijian,Liu Zhaofan.Application and future prospect of high-temperature alloy in aero-engine industry[J].Tooling Engineering,2017,51(9):3-6.
[3]张善庆,王庆生.真空热处理技术在航空领域的应用与发展[J].机械工人,2003(11):26-39.
[4]王广生,张善庆.航空热处理特点和发展[J].航空材料学报,2003,23(S):250-255.Wang Guangsheng,Zhang Shanqing.Characteristic and development of heat treatment for aviation industry[J].Journal of Aeronautical Materials,2003,23(S):250-255.
[5]陈光.几起由发动机故障引起的F-16重大事故[J].燃气涡轮试验与研究,2000,13(1):5-8.Chen Guang.Several F-16 major accidents caused by engine failure[J].Gas Turbine Experiment and Research,2000,13(1):5-8.
[6]赵文侠,李莹,范映伟,等.涡扇发动机二级转子叶片超温断裂分析[J].材料工程,2018(8):39-44.Zhao Wenxia,Li Ying,Fan Yingwei,et al.Fracture analysis for second stage rotor turbine blade in aero-engine[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2018(8):39-44.
[7]孙学银,姜建堂,甄良.金属材料在航天领域的应用及其热处理工艺[J].金属热处理,2010,35(12):14-20.Sun Xueyin,Jiang Jiantang,Zhen Liang.Applications of metallic materials in aerospace field and its heat treatment process[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2010,35(12):14-20.
[8]赖懿.我们离发动机强国还有多远[J].大飞机,2018(7):18-20.
[9]孙枫,王广生,佟小军.航空工业中热处理现状和发展[J].金属热处理,2014,39(1):58-66.Sun Feng,Wang Guangsheng,Tong Xiaojun.Development and current status for aviation industry heat treatment[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2014,39(1):58-66.
[10]张善庆.航空领域真空热处理发展趋势[J].金属加工,2013(23):15-18.Zhang Shanqing.Development of vacuum heat treatment in aerospace field[J].Metal Working,2013(23):15-18.
[11]朱鸥,李玉龙,张燕,等.航空发动机用单晶铸造高温合金热处理工艺[J].铸造技术,2013,34(9):1137-1140.Zhu Ou,Li Yulong,Zhang Yan,et al.Heat treatment process for single-crystal superalloys used in aeroengines[J].Foundry Technology,2013,34(9):1137-1140.
[12]Pollock T M,Kissinger R D,Bowman R R,et al.Superalloy 2000[M].Warrendale,PA:Minerals,Metals and Materials Society,2000:737-746.
[13]胡聘聘,盖其东,李相辉,等.热处理冷却速度对IN792合金显微组织及持久性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2017,42(2):124-130.Hu Pinpin,Gai Qidong,Li Xianghui,et al.Effect of cooling rate in heat treatment on microstructure and stress-rupture properties of IN792alloy[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2017,42(2):124-130.
[14]言建,唐超,毕中南,等.冷却方式对GH720 Li合金固溶处理组织及力学性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2016,41(4):150-153.Yan Jian,Tang Chao,Bi Zhongnan,et al.Effects of cooling methods on microstructure and mechanical properties of solution treated GH720Li alloy[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2016,41(4):150-153.
[15]Tohru Arai.Volume 4 Heat Treating,ASM Handbook[M].Materials Park,OH,USA:ASM International,1991:1083-1102.
[16]张善庆,席守谋,李晓红.单晶高温合金DD6真空热处理表面完整性研究[J].材料工程,2009(S1):283-287.Zhang Shanqing,Xi Shoumou,Li Xiaohong.Study of the surface integrity of the crystal high-temperature alloys DD6 in vacuum heat treatment[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2009(S1):283-287.
[17]周舸,张善庆,莫卫红,等.真空热处理对DD6单晶合金表面氧化的影响[J].金属热处理,2016,41(6):155-158.Zhou Ge,Zhang Shanqing,Mo Weihong,et al.Effect of vacuum heat treatment on surface oxidization of single crystal superalloy DD6[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2010,35(12):14-20.
[18]薛文利,张宏芳,高莎.航空产品热处理控制技术[C]//北京:第六届中国航空学会青年科技论坛.2014:710-714.Xue Wenli,Zhang Hongfang,Gao Sha.Aviation Products Heat Treatment Control Technology[C]//Beijing:Sixth China Aviation Society Youth Science and Technology Forum.2014:710-714.
[19]金荣植.热处理工装的轻量化及其材料优化[J].金属加工,2017(1/2):31-34.