徐州东部废弃矿井地下水化学及其时空演化特征分析
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摘要
矿区闭坑后,区域地下水动力条件的改变以及引起的地下水污染可能对环境影响较大。本文以徐州东部废弃矿井为研究对象,在进行水文地质调查分析的基础上,采集地下水样,进行水化学分析,结果表明研究区内太原组灰岩含水层的水化学类型具有明显分带性,从西北向东南由HCO_3·SO_4-Ca型、SO_4-Ca·Mg型向HCO_3·SO_4-Ca·Mg型、HCO_3-Ca·Mg型依次过渡。矿井关闭后,地下水位抬升,水文地质条件发生改变,地下水水化学组分相应有所变化。对研究区水化学特征的演化特点进行分析,发现地下水受阳离子交替吸附作用影响,呈现出Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、SO4~(2-)增大,Na~+、K~+减小的趋势。
When the mine is closed, the changes of groundwater hydrodynamic conditions may cause groundwater pollution and greatlythreaten the environment. The abandoned mine in eastern Xuzhou was chosen in this study, and groundwater samples were collected forchemical analysis on the basis of hydrogeological survey. The results showed that the hydrochemical types in Taiyuan FormationAquifer exhibited obvious zonation, the types of which changed gradually from HCO_3·SO_4-Ca and SO_4-Ca·Mg in north-west to HCO_3·SO_4-Ca·Mg and HCO_3-Ca·Mg in south-east. With the mine being closed, the groundwater level rose and the hydrogeologicalconditions changed, leading to the variations of groundwater chemical components. According to the analysis of the evolution ofgroundwater hydrochemical characteristics, groundwater in the study area was affected by cation exchange and adsorption, and theconcentrations of calcium ions, magnesium ions and sulfate ions increased, while those of sodium ions and potassium ions decreased.
When the mine is closed, the changes of groundwater hydrodynamic conditions may cause groundwater pollution and greatlythreaten the environment. The abandoned mine in eastern Xuzhou was chosen in this study, and groundwater samples were collected forchemical analysis on the basis of hydrogeological survey. The results showed that the hydrochemical types in Taiyuan FormationAquifer exhibited obvious zonation, the types of which changed gradually from HCO_3·SO_4-Ca and SO_4-Ca·Mg in north-west to HCO_3·SO_4-Ca·Mg and HCO_3-Ca·Mg in south-east. With the mine being closed, the groundwater level rose and the hydrogeologicalconditions changed, leading to the variations of groundwater chemical components. According to the analysis of the evolution ofgroundwater hydrochemical characteristics, groundwater in the study area was affected by cation exchange and adsorption, and theconcentrations of calcium ions, magnesium ions and sulfate ions increased, while those of sodium ions and potassium ions decreased.
引文
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Prasad B,Kumari P,Bano S,et al.2014.Ground water quality evaluation near mining area and development of heavy metal pollution index[J].Applied Water Science,4:11-17.
陈松,桂和荣.2016.宿县矿区太原组灰岩水地球化学特征及地质意义[J].水文地质工程地质,43(5):33-41.
高柏,王广才,周来逊等.2009.华北型煤田岩溶水水文地球化学研究进展[J].水文地质工程地质,38(3):59-63.
高波.2014.贾汪矿区煤矿关闭后地下水化学特征研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学.
国家环境保护总局.2009.水和废水监测分析方法[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社.
国家能源局.2016.煤炭工业发展“十三五”规划[R].
国家能源局.2017.2017年能源工作指导意见[R].
李庭.2014.废弃矿井地下水污染风险评价研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学.
刘兵,佘健.2011.汤山废弃矿坑水体酸化原因分析及治理方案[J].环境科学与技术,34(6):217-219.
刘振明,张仁豪,杨萌等.2016.中国主要聚煤区含水层水文地球化学特性[J].内蒙古煤炭经济,7:154-158.
潘玥,刘勇,曾献奎等.2017.徐州东部废弃矿井地下水流场演化模拟初探[J].水文地质工程地质,44(2):56-61.
邵杰,李瑛,王文科等.2016.水化学在新疆伊犁河谷地下水循坏中的指示作用[J].水文地质工程地质,43(4):30-35.
孙一博,王文科,段磊等.2014.关中盆地浅层地下水地球化学的形成演化机制[J].水文地质工程地质,41(3):29-35.
王大纯,张人权,史毅虹等.1995.水文地质学基础[M].北京:地质出版社.
王少龙.2013.浅谈安徽省大中型闭坑矿山环境地质问题[J].低碳世界,22:121-122.
吴吉春,曾献奎.2015.废弃矿井地下水污染数值模拟[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社.
杨建.2016.呼吉尔特矿区葫芦素煤矿水文地球化学特征研究[J].煤矿安全,47(12):203-206.
张俊,李余生,林曼利等.2014.淮南张集矿水文地球化学特征及水源识别[J].水文地质工程地质,41(6):32-37.
张永军.2015.“十二五”规划完成情况盘点[J].西部大开发,3:32-36.
赵耀娟.2014.抚顺市闭坑矿山环境恢复治理研究[D].长春:吉林大学.
赵永.2016.邳州市2015年度增减挂钩实施规划与2016年度工矿废弃地复垦利用实施方案获省厅批复[R].徐州市国土资源局.
Gibbs R J.1970.Mechaisms controlling world water chemistry[J].Sicence,170:1088-1090.
Moncur M C,Ptacek C J,Hayashi M,et al.2014.Seasonal cycling and mass-loading of dissolved metals and sulfate discharging from an abandoned mine site in northern Canada[J].Applied Geochemistry,41:176-188.
Prasad B,Kumari P,Bano S,et al.2014.Ground water quality evaluation near mining area and development of heavy metal pollution index[J].Applied Water Science,4:11-17.