近江牡蛎中镉的脱除工艺研究
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摘要
为保证牡蛎相关产品的品质安全,试验研究了近江牡蛎中镉的脱除工艺。采用盐酸提取乙醇沉淀的方法脱除牡蛎中的有害重金属镉,并利用单因素试验和正交试验优化工艺条件。结果表明:脱除镉的最佳工艺为:盐酸体积分数2%、料液比1︰3 (g·mL~(-1))、反应时间3 h、乙醇终体积分数75%。在最佳条件下,近江牡蛎中镉的含量低于2 mg·kg~(-1),符合国家《食品中污染物限量》标准。
Studying on the process of removal cadmium from Ostrea rivularis Gould could ensure the quality and safety of the related products of the oyster. The method of removal process of cadmium from the oyster was ethanol precipitation with hydrochloric acid extraction, using single factor test and orthogonal test to optimize the conditions. The results showed that the optimal parameters were as follows: hydrochloric acid concentration 2%, material-liquid ratio 1︰3(g·mL~(-1)), reaction time 3 h, and final ethanol concentration 75%. Under the optimal conditions, the content of cadmium of the Ostrea rivularis Gould was less than 2 mg·kg~(-1), which was in compliance with "The Standard of the Limit of Contaminants in Foods".
Studying on the process of removal cadmium from Ostrea rivularis Gould could ensure the quality and safety of the related products of the oyster. The method of removal process of cadmium from the oyster was ethanol precipitation with hydrochloric acid extraction, using single factor test and orthogonal test to optimize the conditions. The results showed that the optimal parameters were as follows: hydrochloric acid concentration 2%, material-liquid ratio 1︰3(g·mL~(-1)), reaction time 3 h, and final ethanol concentration 75%. Under the optimal conditions, the content of cadmium of the Ostrea rivularis Gould was less than 2 mg·kg~(-1), which was in compliance with "The Standard of the Limit of Contaminants in Foods".
引文
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[2]张兰,叶开福,李健,等.广西近江牡蛎重金属污染状况初探[J].大众科技, 2008, 12(112):100.
[3]苗艳丽,方富永,纪晓德,等.牡蛎肉双酶复合水解和酸水解工艺[J].食品研究与开发, 2011, 32(4):21-23.
[4]陈慧源,蔡俊鹏.牡蛎的营养药用价值及其开发利用[J].中药材, 2005, 28(3):172-173.
[5]李学鹏,段青源,励建荣.我国贝类产品中重金属镉的危害及污染分析[J].食品科学, 2010, 31(17):457-461.
[6] ROMEO M, FRASILA C, GNASSIA-BARELLI M, et al.Biomonitoring of trace metals in the Black Sea(Romania)using mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis[J]. Water Research,2005(39):596-604.
[7]李琼,梁成满,吴婷,等.中药中重金属的去除[J].化学通报, 2005, 68(11):845.
[8]深圳海王集团股份有限公司.牡蛎提取物及其制剂的制备方法:中国, CN 94101124.0[P]. 1995-08-09.
[9]中华人民共和国卫生部.食品中镉的测定:GB/T 5009.15—2014[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2014.
[10]赵一德,张鹏,吴志超.生物浸沥去除污泥中的重金属[J].环境工程, 2002, 20(1):47-50.
[11]董方言.现代实用中药新剂型新技术[M].北京:人民卫生出版社, 2001:402-406.
[12]蔡全英,莫测辉,吴启堂,等.化学法降低城市污泥的重金属含量及其前景分析[J].土壤与环境, 1999, 8(4):309-313.