提高双馈风电机组LVRT能力的改进直接功率控制
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摘要
双馈风力发电系统采用传统直接功率控制时,在发生低电压穿越(LVRT)后转子电流振荡较大,易引起Crowbar再动作。建立传统直接功率控制下双馈风力发电系统的模型,对矢量控制和直接功率控制抑制LVRT的效果进行分析,在此基础上提出一种改进型直接功率控制方法。引入谐振调节器消除定子磁链动态分量对转子磁链的作用,抑制Crowbar切除后转子电流的动态分量,从而改善双馈风电机组LVRT特性。仿真比较验证了所提控制方法应用于双馈风力发电系统的可行性,该控制方法比矢量控制使系统更快恢复稳定,且比传统直接功率控制对转子电流振荡抑制效果更明显。
When the traditional DPC(Direct Power Control) is adopted in doubly fed induction generator system,the large rotor oscillation current after LVRT(Low-Voltage Ride-Through) may cause re-operation of Crowbar. The model of doubly fed induction generator system with traditional DPC is built,and the restraining effect of LVRT with vector control and DPC is analyzed,on this basis,an improved DPC method is proposed. The resonant controller is introduced to eliminate the impact of stator flux dynamic component on rotor flux,restrain the rotor flux dynamic component after cutting out Crowbar,thus improving LVRT characteristic of doubly fed induction generator. Simulation and comparison verify the feasibility of the proposed control method in doubly fed induction generator system,the proposed method makes the system recover stability more quickly than vector control,and has more obvious effect on restraining rotor current oscillation than the traditional DPC.
When the traditional DPC(Direct Power Control) is adopted in doubly fed induction generator system,the large rotor oscillation current after LVRT(Low-Voltage Ride-Through) may cause re-operation of Crowbar. The model of doubly fed induction generator system with traditional DPC is built,and the restraining effect of LVRT with vector control and DPC is analyzed,on this basis,an improved DPC method is proposed. The resonant controller is introduced to eliminate the impact of stator flux dynamic component on rotor flux,restrain the rotor flux dynamic component after cutting out Crowbar,thus improving LVRT characteristic of doubly fed induction generator. Simulation and comparison verify the feasibility of the proposed control method in doubly fed induction generator system,the proposed method makes the system recover stability more quickly than vector control,and has more obvious effect on restraining rotor current oscillation than the traditional DPC.
引文
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[19] 郝正航,余贻鑫.励磁控制引起的双馈风电机组传动系统扭振机理[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(21):81-86.HAO Zhenghang,YU Yixin.Analysis on wind turbine driven DFIG shaft torsional oscillation mechanism caused by excitation control[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(21):81-86.
[20] 张琛,李征,高强,等.双馈风电机组的不同控制策略对轴系振荡的阻尼作用[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(27):135-144.ZHANG Chen,LI Zheng,GAO Qiang,et al.Damping effects on torsional oscillation of DFIG drive-chain using different control strategies[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(27):135-144.
[21] 金石,王代睿,张凤阁,等.开绕组无刷双馈风力发电机的直接功率控制研究[J].太阳能学报,2017,38(3):616-622.JIN Shi,WANG Dairui,ZHANG Fengge,et al.Study on direct power control of open-winding brushless doubly-fed wind power generator[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2017,38(3):616-622
[22] 年珩,程晨闻,宋亦鹏,等.谐波电网下基于重复控制的双馈风力发电机直接功率控制技术[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(2):407-416.NIAN Heng,CHENG Chenwen,SONG Yipeng,et al.A direct power control technique of DFIG based on repetitive control in generalized harmonic power grids[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(2):407-416.
[2] 吴汪平,楚皓翔,解大,等.PI控制器参数对并网永磁直驱型风力发电系统机网相互作用的影响[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(10):21-28.WU Wangping,CHU Haoxiang,XIE Da,et al.Influence of PI contro-llers’ parameters on machine-network interaction of grid-connected PMSG system[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(10):21-28.
[3] 姜惠兰,周陶,贾燕琪,等.提高DFIG低电压穿越性能的转子Crowbar自适应切除控制方法[J].电力自动化设备,2018,38(9):93-98.JIANG Huilan,ZHOU Tao,JIA Yanqi,et al.Adaptive deactivating control strategy of Crowbar for LVRT capability enhancement of DFIG[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2018,38(9):93-98.
[4] 刘其辉,韩贤岁.双馈风电机组的通用型机电暂态模型及其电磁暂态模型的对比分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(23):89-94.LIU Qihui,HAN Xiansui.Comparative study on electromechanical and electromagnetic transient model for grid-connected DFIG[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(23):89-94.
[5] 孙丽玲,邢东霞.接于弱电网的双馈感应发电机在定子故障情况下的无功功率控制策略[J].电力自动化设备,2018,38(6):41-45.SUN Liling,XING Dongxia.Reactive power control strategy of DFIG connected to weak network with stator fault[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2018,38(6):41-45.
[6] 凌禹,窦真兰.基于DVR的双馈风电机组不对称电压故障穿越[J].电力自动化设备,2019,39(2):65-70,77.LING Yu,DOU Zhenlan.Asymmetrical voltage fault ride-through of wind turbine with DFIG using DVR[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2019,39(2):65-70,77.
[7] LI Shuishui,TIMOTHY A H,KEITH A W,et al.Control of DFIG wind turbine with direct-current vector control configuration[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2013,3(1):1-11.
[8] XU H,ZHANG W,NIAN H,et al.Improved vector control of DFIG based wind turbine during grid dips and swells[C]//International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems.Incheon,Korea:IEEE,2010:511-515.
[9] 杨睿茜,陈红坤,陶玉波,等.双馈式风机控制器参数整定的实用方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(2):63-69.YANG Ruixi,CHEN Hongkun,TAO Yubo,et al.A practical method on doubly-fed induction generator controller parameter determination[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(2):63-69.
[10] 孙丹,邓伦杰,孙士涛,等.双馈异步风力发电机优化预测直接功率控制[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(11):78-85.SUN Dan,DENG Lunjie,SUN Shitao,et al.Modified predictive direct power control of doubly fed induction generators[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(11):78-85.
[11] XU Lie,PHILLIP C.Direct active and reactive power control of DFIG for wind energy generation[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2006,21(3):750-758.
[12] XU Lie,PHILLIP C.Direct power control of DFIG with constant swit-ching frequency and improved transient performance[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2007,22(1):110-118.
[13] KAZEMI M V,YAZDANKHAH A S,KOJABADI H M.Direct power control of DFIG based on discrete space vector modulation[J].Renewable Energy,2010,35(5):1033-1042.
[14] 管萍,董玲玲,杨秀媛.双馈风力发电机终端滑模变结构的直接功率控制[J].电力电子技术,2017,51(9):92-95.GUAN Ping,DONG Lingling,YANG Xiuyuan.Direct power control for doubly fed induction generator based on integral terminal sliding mode variable[J].Power Electronics,2017,51(9):92-95.
[15] 赵一心.结合矢量和直接功率控制的双馈风电机组研究[J].微特电机,2017,45(4):71-76.ZHAO Yixin.Study of the combined vector and direct power control for DFIG-based wind turbines[J].Small & Special Electrical Machines,2017,45(4):71-76.
[16] 杨国良,郭永爱,李雅静,等.三电平永磁直驱风电系统直接功率控制[J].电力电子技术,2017,51(3):89-92.YANG Guoliang,GUO Yongai,LI Yajing,et al.Three-level permanent magnet direct-drive wind power system based on direct power control[J].Power Electronics,2017,51(3):89-92.
[17] ABAD G,RODRIGUEZ M A,POZA J.Two-level VSC-based predictive direct power control of the doubly fed induction machine with reduced power ripple at low constant switching frequency[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2008,23(2):570-580.
[18] 李生民,何欢欢,张玉坤,等.基于滑模变结构的双馈风力发电机直接功率控制策略研究[J].电网技术,2013,37(7):2006-2010.LI Shengmin,HE Huanhuan,ZHANG Yukun,et al.A sliding mode variable structure-based direct power control strategy for doubly fed induction generator[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(7):2006-2010.
[19] 郝正航,余贻鑫.励磁控制引起的双馈风电机组传动系统扭振机理[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(21):81-86.HAO Zhenghang,YU Yixin.Analysis on wind turbine driven DFIG shaft torsional oscillation mechanism caused by excitation control[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(21):81-86.
[20] 张琛,李征,高强,等.双馈风电机组的不同控制策略对轴系振荡的阻尼作用[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(27):135-144.ZHANG Chen,LI Zheng,GAO Qiang,et al.Damping effects on torsional oscillation of DFIG drive-chain using different control strategies[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(27):135-144.
[21] 金石,王代睿,张凤阁,等.开绕组无刷双馈风力发电机的直接功率控制研究[J].太阳能学报,2017,38(3):616-622.JIN Shi,WANG Dairui,ZHANG Fengge,et al.Study on direct power control of open-winding brushless doubly-fed wind power generator[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2017,38(3):616-622
[22] 年珩,程晨闻,宋亦鹏,等.谐波电网下基于重复控制的双馈风力发电机直接功率控制技术[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(2):407-416.NIAN Heng,CHENG Chenwen,SONG Yipeng,et al.A direct power control technique of DFIG based on repetitive control in generalized harmonic power grids[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(2):407-416.