高钼饲粮对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、血清生化指标和肝脏抗氧化指标的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在研究高钼饲粮对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、血清生化指标和肝脏抗氧化指标的影响。选用200只65周龄罗曼粉壳蛋鸡作为试验动物,随机分成4组,每组5个重复,每个重复10只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(钼含量为1.50 mg/kg),其余3组分别饲喂在基础饲粮基础上以钼酸钠形式添加10(M10组)、20(M20组)、100 mg/kg钼(M100组)的试验饲粮。试验期为5周。结果表明:1)饲粮中添加钼可线性降低蛋鸡的产蛋率(P=0.04)。与对照组相比,M100组蛋鸡的产蛋率降低5.62%,料蛋比增加11.98%,破壳蛋率增加168%,差异均达到显著水平(P<0.05)。2)饲粮中添加钼可线性降低蛋壳厚度(P=0.04),线性降低蛋黄颜色(P=0.01),线性增加蛋壳亮度值(P=0.01),线性降低蛋壳红度值(P=0.04)。与对照组相比,M 20和M100组的蛋壳厚度显著降低(P<0.05),M100组的蛋黄颜色显著降低(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,M100组血清中谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性显著提高(P<0.05),提升率分别为46.02%、51.99%和15.72%。M100组血清中尿酸(UA)含量显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。血清中黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)活性随钼添加量的升高呈现二次曲线变化(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,M10和M20组血清中XOD活性分别提高了85.93%和101.14%(P<0.05),而M100组则降低了46.64%(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,M100组肝脏总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著降低(P<0.05),还原性谷胱甘肽(GSH)和丙二醛(MDA)含量显著增加(P<0.05)。综上所述,在饲粮中添加10和20 mg/kg钼可增加产蛋后期蛋鸡血清中XOD活性,但对生产性能、蛋品质和肝脏抗氧化能力没有显著影响,而当饲粮中钼添加量达到100 mg/kg时,则会降低产蛋后期蛋鸡的生产性能、蛋品质以及血清中XOD活性和肝脏抗氧化能力。
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of high molybdenum(Mo) diet on performance,egg quality,serum biochemical indexes and hepatic antioxidative indexes of laying hens during late laying period.A total of 200 pink-eggshell Lohnman laying hens(65-week-old) were randomly allotted into 4groups with 5 replicates per group and 10 birds per replicate.Laying hens in control group were fed a basal diet(Mo content was 1.50 mg/kg),and those in other 3 groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 10(M10),20(M20),and 100 mg/kg Mo(M100) as sodium molybdate for 5 weeks.The results showed as follows:1) Mo supplementation linearly decreased laying rate(P=0.04).Compared with the control group,the laying rate in M100 group was decreased by 5.62% and the feed/egg and broken eggshell rate were increased by 11.98% and 168.59%,respectively,and the differences were significant(P<0.05).2) Mo supplementation linearly reduced the egg thickness(P=0.04),yolk color(P=0.01) and eggshell lightness value(P=0.01),and linearly increased the eggshell redness value(P=0.04).The eggshell thickness in M20 and M100 groups was significantly decreased,and the yolk color in M100 group was significantly decreased compared with control group(P<0.05).3) The activities of serum aspartate transaminase(AST),alanine transaminase(ALT) and alkaline phosphatase(AKP) in M100 group were significantly increased compared with control group(P<0.05),and the increase rates were 46.02%,51.99% and 15.72%,respectively.The serum uric acid content in M100 group was significantly lower than that in other groups(P<0.05).Serum xanthine oxidase(XOD) activity showed a quadratic curve change with the Mo supplemental level increasing(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the serum XOD activity in M10 and M20 groups was increased by85.93% and 101.14%(P<0.05),respectively,while it was decreased by 46.64% in M100 group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the serum total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activity in M100 group were significantly reduced(P<0.05),and the serum reduced glutathione(GSH) and malondialdehyde(MDA) contents were significantly increased(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary supplemented with 10 and 20 mg/kg Mo can increase serum XOD activity without any effects on performance,egg quality and hepatic antioxidant ability of laying hens during late laying period,but when Mo supplemental level is 100 mg/kg,it can reduce the performance,egg quality,serum XOD activity and hepatic antioxidant ability of laying hens during late laying period.
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of high molybdenum(Mo) diet on performance,egg quality,serum biochemical indexes and hepatic antioxidative indexes of laying hens during late laying period.A total of 200 pink-eggshell Lohnman laying hens(65-week-old) were randomly allotted into 4groups with 5 replicates per group and 10 birds per replicate.Laying hens in control group were fed a basal diet(Mo content was 1.50 mg/kg),and those in other 3 groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 10(M10),20(M20),and 100 mg/kg Mo(M100) as sodium molybdate for 5 weeks.The results showed as follows:1) Mo supplementation linearly decreased laying rate(P=0.04).Compared with the control group,the laying rate in M100 group was decreased by 5.62% and the feed/egg and broken eggshell rate were increased by 11.98% and 168.59%,respectively,and the differences were significant(P<0.05).2) Mo supplementation linearly reduced the egg thickness(P=0.04),yolk color(P=0.01) and eggshell lightness value(P=0.01),and linearly increased the eggshell redness value(P=0.04).The eggshell thickness in M20 and M100 groups was significantly decreased,and the yolk color in M100 group was significantly decreased compared with control group(P<0.05).3) The activities of serum aspartate transaminase(AST),alanine transaminase(ALT) and alkaline phosphatase(AKP) in M100 group were significantly increased compared with control group(P<0.05),and the increase rates were 46.02%,51.99% and 15.72%,respectively.The serum uric acid content in M100 group was significantly lower than that in other groups(P<0.05).Serum xanthine oxidase(XOD) activity showed a quadratic curve change with the Mo supplemental level increasing(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the serum XOD activity in M10 and M20 groups was increased by85.93% and 101.14%(P<0.05),respectively,while it was decreased by 46.64% in M100 group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the serum total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activity in M100 group were significantly reduced(P<0.05),and the serum reduced glutathione(GSH) and malondialdehyde(MDA) contents were significantly increased(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary supplemented with 10 and 20 mg/kg Mo can increase serum XOD activity without any effects on performance,egg quality and hepatic antioxidant ability of laying hens during late laying period,but when Mo supplemental level is 100 mg/kg,it can reduce the performance,egg quality,serum XOD activity and hepatic antioxidant ability of laying hens during late laying period.
引文
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[17]肖杰,杨帆,崔恒敏,等.高钼对雏鸡肝脏和脾脏抗氧化功能的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2010,41(7):883-890.
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[21]夏冰,曹华斌,张彩英,等.钼镉联合诱导对麻鸭肾功能及肾Bcl-2基因mRNA表达的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2016,36(2):292-297.
[22]张捷.不同钼水平对山羊组织自由基代谢及其金属含量的影响[D].硕士学位论文.南昌:江西农业大学,2011.
[23]JASINGE E,KULARATNAMG A M,DILANTHI H W,et al.Uric acid,an important screening tool to detect inborn errors of metabolism:a case series[J].BMC Research Notes,2017,10(1):454.
[24]吕佳炜,殷红,李春风,等.碱性磷酸酶在骨矿化中的研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2013(1):32-34.
[25]KIERSZTAN A,WINIARSKA K,DROZAK J,et al.Differential effects of vanadium,tungsten and molybdenum on inhibition of glucose formation in renal tubules and hepatocytes of control and diabetic rabbits:beneficial action of melatonin and N-acetylcysteine[J].Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry,2004,261(1/2):9-21.
[26]BERSNYI A,BERTA E,KDR I,et al.Effects of high dietary molybdenum in rabbits[J].Acta Veterinaria Hungarica,2008,56(1):41-55.
[27]杨自军,冉林武,赵树科,等.实验性钼中毒绵羊血液酶学指标的变化与锌、铜的保护作用[J].畜牧与兽医,2008,40(4):52-55.
[28]王自良,张海棠,赵坤.微量元素钼在养鸡生产中的应用[J].中国家禽,1999,21(9):37-40.
[29]肖杰.高钼对雏鸡肝肾影响的机理研究[D].硕士学位论文.成都:四川农业大学,2010.
[30]王宏伟,周变华,张才,等.钼对鸡免疫功能及抗氧化能力的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2015,35(1):135-139.
[31]DEVINE P J,PERREAULT S D,LUDERER U.Roles of reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in ovarian toxicity[J].Biology of Reproduction,2012,86(2):1-10.
[2]MARELJA Z,LEIMKHLER S,MISSIRLIS F.Iron sulfur and molybdenum cofactor enzymes regulate the Drosophila life cycle by controlling cell metabolism[J].Frontiers in Physiology,2018,9:50.
[3]SCHWARZ G.Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis and deficiency[J].Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences,2005,62(23):2792-2810.
[4]郝贵增,尚泽松,爨淑楠,等.钼对AA+肉鸡生产性能、脂质代谢及抗氧化能力的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2014,34(8):1373-1376.
[5]王佳炜.微量元素钼的生理作用及其对机体功能的影响研究进展[J].医学综述,2013,19(19):3460-3463.
[6]呙于明.家禽营养[M].2版.北京:中国农业大学出版社,2004:134-135.
[7]王自良,张海棠,李军民.钼的毒性与反刍动物钼中毒[J].黄牛杂志,2004(5):40-43.
[8]郑黎.畜禽的钼中毒[J].广东畜牧兽医科技,1996,21(4):33-34.
[9]朱重伟,张才,杨自军,等.不同钼添加水平对肉鸡生长性能和屠体性状的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2012,51(6):1195-1197.
[10]张元贞.钼对鸡的营养作用[J].饲料与畜牧,1989,15(6):17-19.
[11]郭荣富,戴志明,李琦华.不同钼水平日粮对雏鸭生长的影响[J].中国家禽,1992(4):36.
[12]ZHUANG Y,LIU P,WANG L Q,et al.Mitochondrial oxidative stress-induced hepatocyte apoptosis reflects increased molybdenum intake in caprine[J].Biological Trace Element Research,2016,170(1):106-114.
[13]GU X L,ALI T,CHEN R R,et al.In vivo studies of molybdenum-induced apoptosis in kidney cells of caprine[J].Biological Trace Element Research,2016,165(1):51-58.
[14]王亚垒.高钼对绵羊骨骼的毒性作用研究[D].硕士学位论文.洛阳:河南科技大学,2013.
[15]廖一林.钼镉联合暴露对麻鸭跖骨微观结构与及微量元素含量的影响[D].硕士学位论文.南昌:江西农业大学,2016.
[16]王宏伟,赵静,杜祥月,等.钼对雌性小鼠骨骼形态结构的影响[J].河南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2014,35(6):71-74,79.
[17]肖杰,杨帆,崔恒敏,等.高钼对雏鸡肝脏和脾脏抗氧化功能的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2010,41(7):883-890.
[18]徐雄卫.钼镉联合诱导对鸭组织器官微量元素含量的影响[D].硕士学位论文.南昌:江西农业大学,2015.
[19]WANG J P,HE K R,DING X M,et al.Effect of feeding and withdrawal of vanadium and vitamin C on egg quality and vanadium residual over time in laying hens[J].Biological Trace Element Research,2017,177(2):367-375.
[20]YUAN Z H,ZHANG K Y,DING X M,et al.Effect of tea polyphenols on production performance,egg quality,and hepatic antioxidant status of laying hens in vanadium-containing diets[J].Poultry Science,2016,95(7):1709-1717.
[21]夏冰,曹华斌,张彩英,等.钼镉联合诱导对麻鸭肾功能及肾Bcl-2基因mRNA表达的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2016,36(2):292-297.
[22]张捷.不同钼水平对山羊组织自由基代谢及其金属含量的影响[D].硕士学位论文.南昌:江西农业大学,2011.
[23]JASINGE E,KULARATNAMG A M,DILANTHI H W,et al.Uric acid,an important screening tool to detect inborn errors of metabolism:a case series[J].BMC Research Notes,2017,10(1):454.
[24]吕佳炜,殷红,李春风,等.碱性磷酸酶在骨矿化中的研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2013(1):32-34.
[25]KIERSZTAN A,WINIARSKA K,DROZAK J,et al.Differential effects of vanadium,tungsten and molybdenum on inhibition of glucose formation in renal tubules and hepatocytes of control and diabetic rabbits:beneficial action of melatonin and N-acetylcysteine[J].Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry,2004,261(1/2):9-21.
[26]BERSNYI A,BERTA E,KDR I,et al.Effects of high dietary molybdenum in rabbits[J].Acta Veterinaria Hungarica,2008,56(1):41-55.
[27]杨自军,冉林武,赵树科,等.实验性钼中毒绵羊血液酶学指标的变化与锌、铜的保护作用[J].畜牧与兽医,2008,40(4):52-55.
[28]王自良,张海棠,赵坤.微量元素钼在养鸡生产中的应用[J].中国家禽,1999,21(9):37-40.
[29]肖杰.高钼对雏鸡肝肾影响的机理研究[D].硕士学位论文.成都:四川农业大学,2010.
[30]王宏伟,周变华,张才,等.钼对鸡免疫功能及抗氧化能力的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2015,35(1):135-139.
[31]DEVINE P J,PERREAULT S D,LUDERER U.Roles of reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in ovarian toxicity[J].Biology of Reproduction,2012,86(2):1-10.