重载车曲轴用球磨铸铁的合金化与热处理
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摘要
采用光学显微镜、冲击试验机、磨损试验机和电化学工作站等,研究了Mo含量和等温淬火温度对曲轴用球磨铸铁显微组织、力学性能和耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:随着Mo含量增加,球墨铸铁中石墨数量减少,珠光体数量和碳化物数量增多,碳化物形貌逐渐从弥散分布的细小块状转变为粗大的块状或者长条状;在Mo含量达到0. 794%时,碳化物形成了网状分布的特征;随着Mo含量的增加,球墨铸铁的室温冲击吸收能量先增加而后减小,在Mo含量为0. 410%时取得最大值,平均磨损量和磨损率逐渐减小,腐蚀电位先正向移动而后负向移动,腐蚀电流密度先减小而后增大;随着等温淬火温度的升高,冲击吸收能量逐渐升高,平均磨损量和磨损率增大,腐蚀电位逐渐正移、腐蚀电流密度逐渐降低。重载车曲轴用球磨铸铁的适宜Mo元素添加量为0. 410%,等温淬火温度为275℃。
The effects of Mo content and isothermal quenching temperature on the microstructure,mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of ductile cast iron used for crankshafts were studied by means of optical microscope, impact tester, wear tester and electrochemical workstation. The results show that with the increase of Mo content,the number of graphite in ductile iron decreases,the number of pearlite and the number of carbides increase,the morphology of carbides gradually changes from the small bulk of dispersion to the large lump or strip,and when the Mo content reaches 0. 794%,the carbide forms a netted distribution. With the increase of Mo content,the impact work of the ductile iron first increases and then decreases,and the maximum value is obtained at the Mo content of 0. 410%.Meanwhile,the average wear and wear rate decreases,the corrosion potential first moves forward and then moves negatively,and the corrosion current density decreases first and then increases. With the increase of isothermal quenching temperature,the impact work gradually increase,the average wear and wear rate increase,corrosion potential is gradually moving forward,and corrosion current density gradually decrease. The suitable Mo element addition for the crankshaft of heavy duty vehicle crankshaft is 0. 410%,and the isothermal quenching temperature is 275 ℃.
The effects of Mo content and isothermal quenching temperature on the microstructure,mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of ductile cast iron used for crankshafts were studied by means of optical microscope, impact tester, wear tester and electrochemical workstation. The results show that with the increase of Mo content,the number of graphite in ductile iron decreases,the number of pearlite and the number of carbides increase,the morphology of carbides gradually changes from the small bulk of dispersion to the large lump or strip,and when the Mo content reaches 0. 794%,the carbide forms a netted distribution. With the increase of Mo content,the impact work of the ductile iron first increases and then decreases,and the maximum value is obtained at the Mo content of 0. 410%.Meanwhile,the average wear and wear rate decreases,the corrosion potential first moves forward and then moves negatively,and the corrosion current density decreases first and then increases. With the increase of isothermal quenching temperature,the impact work gradually increase,the average wear and wear rate increase,corrosion potential is gradually moving forward,and corrosion current density gradually decrease. The suitable Mo element addition for the crankshaft of heavy duty vehicle crankshaft is 0. 410%,and the isothermal quenching temperature is 275 ℃.
引文
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[2]王焕云.热处理对耐磨合金铸铁硬度的影响[J].热加工工艺,2017,46(24):242-244.Wang Huanyun.Effect of heat treatment on hardness of wear resistant alloy cast iron[J].Hot Working Technology,2017,46(24):242-244.
[3]Cen Qihong,Zhang Haibin,Fu Hanguang.Effect of heat treatment on structure and wear resistance of high chromium cast steel containing boron[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2014,21(5):532-538.
[4]王玉江,宋百隆,魏世丞,等.含碳量及热处理工艺对高铬铸铁组织与耐磨性的影响[J].金属热处理,2018,43(2):30-34.Wang Yujiang,Song Bailong,Wei Shicheng,et al.Effects of carbon content and heat treatment process on microstructure and wear resistance of high chromium cast iron[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2018,43(2):30-34.
[5]陈勇,葛兴洋,刘兰俊,等.高铬铸铁磨球强韧化热处理工艺研究[J].铸造技术,2018,39(1):173-177.Chen Yong,Ge Xingyang,Liu Lanjun,et al.Study on strengthening and toughening heat treatment process of high chromium cast iron grinding ball[J].Foundry Technology,2018,39(1):173-177.
[6]王志,魏铁石,赵丕鹏,等.Q&P热处理工艺对球墨铸铁的影响[J].聊城大学学报(自然科学版),2017,30(3):51-55.Wang Zhi,Wei Tieshi,Zhao Pipeng,et al.Effect of Q&P heat treatment process on ductile iron[J].Journal of Liaocheng University,2017,30(3):51-55.
[7]赵丕鹏,王晶,沈正军,等.淬火-配分热处理对球墨铸铁组织与性能的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2017,38(5):112-117.Zhao Pipeng,Wang Jing,Shen Zhengjun,et al.Effect of quenching and partitioning heat treatment on microstructure and properties of spheroidal graphite cast iron[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2017,38(5):112-117.
[8]曾维和,田迎新,李德江,等.热处理工艺对双相等温淬火球墨铸铁组织与力学性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2016,41(12):86-91.Zeng Weihe,Tian Yingxin,Li Dejiang,et al.The effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of double equal temperature quenched ductile iron and mechanical properties[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2016,41(12):86-91.
[9]田迎新,曾维和,刘金林,等.等温淬火球墨铸铁热处理工艺研究[J].热加工工艺,2016,45(24):244-248.Tian Yingxin,Zeng Weihe,Liu Jinlin,et al.Heat treatment process of austempered ductile iron[J].Hot Working Technology,2016,45(24):244-248.
[10]Karantzalis A E,Lekatou A,Mavros H.Microstructural modifications of as-cast high-chromium white iron by heat treatment[J].Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,2009,18(2):174-181.
[11]邱林峰,左晓宝,汤玉娟,等.输水环境下水泥砂浆-球墨铸铁管腐蚀过程电化学测试[J].南京理工大学学报,2017,41(2):217-225.Qiu Linfeng,Zuo Xiaobao,Tang Yujuan,et al.The electrochemical test of the corrosion process of cement mortar-ductile cast iron pipe under water transport environment[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Technology,2017,41(2):217-225.
[12]张栗源,范腾泽,白波.Co、Ni合金化元素对球墨铸铁组织性能的影响[J].热加工工艺,2017,46(11):37-39.Zhang Liyuan,Fan Tengze,Bai Bo.Effect of Co and Ni alloying elements on microstructure and properties of ductile iron[J].Hot Working Technology,2017,46(11):37-39.