基于改进矢量匹配法的雷电下变压器等效端口模型研究
|
摘要
为了简化雷电冲击下变压器端口集中参数模型,可以通过矢量匹配法和导纳综合理论建立其等效电路模型。然而,尽管矢量匹配法高效稳定,但其拟合精度易受初始极点的影响。结合具有全局收敛特性的遗传算法提出了一种改进方法,将矢量匹配的最终均方误差作为遗传算法的目标函数,通过不断迭代找到最优初始极点。仿真结果表明,在逼近变压器端口导纳函数时,所提改进矢量匹配法较传统矢量匹配法具有更高的拟合精度且在相同拟合精度下可以降低电路阶次。此外,为了进一步验证等效模型的准确性,分别对同一变压器的三种不同模型施加相同标准冲击电压波,计算其端口电压,入波电流,绕组末端流出电流和经外壳流出电流,仿真结果显示三种模型响应信号可以吻合。
In order to simplify the lumped parameter model of transformer under lighting impulse,a corresponding equivalent circuit model can be established on the basis of the vector fitting method and the admittance synthetical theory. However,although vector fitting method is efficient and stable,its fitting precision is vulnerable to initial pole.Therefore,this paper raised an improved method according to the genetic algorithm which is of global convergence. It took the final mean square error of the vector fitting as the objective function of genetic algorithm and found the optimal initial pole by continual iteration. The simulation result indicated that the improved vector fitting method had higher fitting precision when approaching admittance function of the transformer port and could reduce the circuit order under the same fitting precision. In addition,researchers inflicted the same standard impulse voltage on three different models of the same transformer and calculated the port voltage,the current intruded by lighting impulse wave,flowing current through winding terminals and shells respectively. The results show that response signals of three models were consistent,which further verify the correctness of the equivalent model.
In order to simplify the lumped parameter model of transformer under lighting impulse,a corresponding equivalent circuit model can be established on the basis of the vector fitting method and the admittance synthetical theory. However,although vector fitting method is efficient and stable,its fitting precision is vulnerable to initial pole.Therefore,this paper raised an improved method according to the genetic algorithm which is of global convergence. It took the final mean square error of the vector fitting as the objective function of genetic algorithm and found the optimal initial pole by continual iteration. The simulation result indicated that the improved vector fitting method had higher fitting precision when approaching admittance function of the transformer port and could reduce the circuit order under the same fitting precision. In addition,researchers inflicted the same standard impulse voltage on three different models of the same transformer and calculated the port voltage,the current intruded by lighting impulse wave,flowing current through winding terminals and shells respectively. The results show that response signals of three models were consistent,which further verify the correctness of the equivalent model.
引文
[1]施世鸿,谭茂强,贾红舟.±800 k V特高压直流换流站500 k V站用变压器保护配置[J].电力建设,2013,34(10):44-48.SHI S H,TAN M Q,JIA H Z.Protection configuration of 500 k V station transformer in±800 k V UHVDC converter station[J].Electric Power Construction,2013,34(10):44-48.
[2]邓雨荣,孙志锐,张炜,等.电力变压器的局部放电典型模型试验[J].电力建设,2012,33(9):20-24.DENG Y R,SUN Z R,ZHANG W,et al.Typical model test for partial discharge of power transformer[J].Electric Power Construction,2012,33(9):20-24.
[3]HOSSEINI S M H,BARAVATI P R.New high frequency multi-conductor transmission line detailed model of transformer winding for PD study[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2017,24(1):316-323.
[4]梁贵书,王雁超.考虑频变参数的油浸式变压器绕组分数阶传输线模型[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(17):178-186.LIANG G S,WANG Y C.Fractional transmission line model of oil-immersed transformer winding considering frequency-dependent[J].Transaction of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(17):178-186.
[5]梁贵书,高世强.油浸式变压器绕组分数阶传输线模型参数辨识的研究[J].华北电力大学学报(自然科学版),2016,43(5):1-7.LIANG G S,GAO S Q.Research on parameter identification of fractional transmission line model in oil-immersed transform[J].Journal of North China Electric Power University(Natural Science Edition),2016,43(5):1-7.
[6]张喜乐,梁贵书,孙海峰,等.VFTO作用下变压器绕组的过电压计算[J].高电压技术,2005,31(8):4-6.ZHANG X L,LIANG G S,SUN H G,et al.Computation of very fast transient over voltages in transformer windings[J].High Voltage Engineering,2005,31(8):4-6.
[7]陈伟根,胡金星,杜林,等.基于准静态电磁场的变压器线圈中特快速暂态仿真建模[J].电网技术,2005,29(23):56-61.CHEN W G,HU J X,DU L,et al.Modeling of transformer winding for very fast transient voltage simulation based on quasi-stationary electromagnetic field[J].Power System Technology,2005,29(23):56-61.
[8]王赞基.变压器线圈中特快速暂态仿真的建模[J].中国电机工程学报,1996,(5):299-305.WANG Z J.Modeling for simulating very fast transient in transformer windings[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,1996,(5):299-305.
[9]MAULIK S,SATISH L.Localization and estimation of severity of a discrete and localized mechanical damage in transformer windings:Analytical approach[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2016,23(3):1266-1274.
[10]王忠东,桂峻峰,谈克雄,等.局部放电脉冲在单绕组变压器中传播过程的仿真分析[J].电网技术,2003,27(4):39-42.WANG Z D,GUI J F,TAN K X,et al.Simulation analysis on propagation of partial discharge pulses in single-winding transformer[J].Power System Technology,2003,27(4):39-42.
[11]ZHAO Z,YAO C,HASHEMNIA N,et al.Determination of nanosecond pulse parameters on transfer function measurement for power transformer winding deformation[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2017,23(6):3761-3770.
[12]AHOUR J N,SEYEDTABAIE S,GHAREHPETIAN G B.Modified transformer winding ladder network model to assess non-dominant frequencies[J].IET Electric Power Applications,2017,11(4):578-585.
[13]DONG H Y,XU L Z,LIANG G S,et al.Wide-band modeling of grounding grid based on the fractional order differential theory[C].Advanced Materials Research.Trans Tech Publications,2014,860:2292-2295.
[14]孙海峰,刘磊,崔翔,等.高压直流换流站换流系统宽频建模研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,(12):24-29.SUN H F,LIU L,CUI X,et al.Wide-band modeling of converter systems in HVDC converter stations[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,(12):24-29.
[15]张炳达,赵紫昆,郭凯,等.基于矢量匹配法和遗传算法的频变输电线建模[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2016,28(6):14-18.ZHANG B D,ZHAO Z K,GUO K,et al.Model of frequency-dependent transmission line based on vector fitting and genetic algorithm[J].Proceedings of the CSUEPSE,2016,28(6):14-18.
[16]GUSTAVSEN B.Improving the pole relocating properties of vector fitting[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2006,21(3):1587-1592.
[17]张嘉祥.变压器线圈波过程[M].北京:水利水电出版社,1982.ZHANG J X.Wave process in transformer winding[M].Beijing:China Water Power press,1982.
[18]孟晨.多绕组电力变压器波过程的计算与分析[D].沈阳:沈阳工业大学,2013.MENG C.Calculation and analysis of wave process of multi-winding power transformer[D].Shenyang:Shenyang University of Technology,2013.
[19]GB/T 7449-1987电力变压器和电抗器的雷电冲击和操作冲击试验导则[S].北京:中国质检出版社,1987.GB/T 7449-1987 Test guidance of lightning surge and switching surge for power transformer and reactor[S].Beijing:China Quality Press,1987.
[20]毕惟红,任红民,吴庆标.一种新的遗传算法最优保存策略[J].浙江大学学报(理学版),2006,33(1):32-35.BI W H,REN H M,WU Q B.A new elitist strategy in genetic algorithms[J].Journal of Zhejiang University,2006,33(1):32-35.
[2]邓雨荣,孙志锐,张炜,等.电力变压器的局部放电典型模型试验[J].电力建设,2012,33(9):20-24.DENG Y R,SUN Z R,ZHANG W,et al.Typical model test for partial discharge of power transformer[J].Electric Power Construction,2012,33(9):20-24.
[3]HOSSEINI S M H,BARAVATI P R.New high frequency multi-conductor transmission line detailed model of transformer winding for PD study[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2017,24(1):316-323.
[4]梁贵书,王雁超.考虑频变参数的油浸式变压器绕组分数阶传输线模型[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(17):178-186.LIANG G S,WANG Y C.Fractional transmission line model of oil-immersed transformer winding considering frequency-dependent[J].Transaction of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(17):178-186.
[5]梁贵书,高世强.油浸式变压器绕组分数阶传输线模型参数辨识的研究[J].华北电力大学学报(自然科学版),2016,43(5):1-7.LIANG G S,GAO S Q.Research on parameter identification of fractional transmission line model in oil-immersed transform[J].Journal of North China Electric Power University(Natural Science Edition),2016,43(5):1-7.
[6]张喜乐,梁贵书,孙海峰,等.VFTO作用下变压器绕组的过电压计算[J].高电压技术,2005,31(8):4-6.ZHANG X L,LIANG G S,SUN H G,et al.Computation of very fast transient over voltages in transformer windings[J].High Voltage Engineering,2005,31(8):4-6.
[7]陈伟根,胡金星,杜林,等.基于准静态电磁场的变压器线圈中特快速暂态仿真建模[J].电网技术,2005,29(23):56-61.CHEN W G,HU J X,DU L,et al.Modeling of transformer winding for very fast transient voltage simulation based on quasi-stationary electromagnetic field[J].Power System Technology,2005,29(23):56-61.
[8]王赞基.变压器线圈中特快速暂态仿真的建模[J].中国电机工程学报,1996,(5):299-305.WANG Z J.Modeling for simulating very fast transient in transformer windings[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,1996,(5):299-305.
[9]MAULIK S,SATISH L.Localization and estimation of severity of a discrete and localized mechanical damage in transformer windings:Analytical approach[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2016,23(3):1266-1274.
[10]王忠东,桂峻峰,谈克雄,等.局部放电脉冲在单绕组变压器中传播过程的仿真分析[J].电网技术,2003,27(4):39-42.WANG Z D,GUI J F,TAN K X,et al.Simulation analysis on propagation of partial discharge pulses in single-winding transformer[J].Power System Technology,2003,27(4):39-42.
[11]ZHAO Z,YAO C,HASHEMNIA N,et al.Determination of nanosecond pulse parameters on transfer function measurement for power transformer winding deformation[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2017,23(6):3761-3770.
[12]AHOUR J N,SEYEDTABAIE S,GHAREHPETIAN G B.Modified transformer winding ladder network model to assess non-dominant frequencies[J].IET Electric Power Applications,2017,11(4):578-585.
[13]DONG H Y,XU L Z,LIANG G S,et al.Wide-band modeling of grounding grid based on the fractional order differential theory[C].Advanced Materials Research.Trans Tech Publications,2014,860:2292-2295.
[14]孙海峰,刘磊,崔翔,等.高压直流换流站换流系统宽频建模研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,(12):24-29.SUN H F,LIU L,CUI X,et al.Wide-band modeling of converter systems in HVDC converter stations[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,(12):24-29.
[15]张炳达,赵紫昆,郭凯,等.基于矢量匹配法和遗传算法的频变输电线建模[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2016,28(6):14-18.ZHANG B D,ZHAO Z K,GUO K,et al.Model of frequency-dependent transmission line based on vector fitting and genetic algorithm[J].Proceedings of the CSUEPSE,2016,28(6):14-18.
[16]GUSTAVSEN B.Improving the pole relocating properties of vector fitting[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2006,21(3):1587-1592.
[17]张嘉祥.变压器线圈波过程[M].北京:水利水电出版社,1982.ZHANG J X.Wave process in transformer winding[M].Beijing:China Water Power press,1982.
[18]孟晨.多绕组电力变压器波过程的计算与分析[D].沈阳:沈阳工业大学,2013.MENG C.Calculation and analysis of wave process of multi-winding power transformer[D].Shenyang:Shenyang University of Technology,2013.
[19]GB/T 7449-1987电力变压器和电抗器的雷电冲击和操作冲击试验导则[S].北京:中国质检出版社,1987.GB/T 7449-1987 Test guidance of lightning surge and switching surge for power transformer and reactor[S].Beijing:China Quality Press,1987.
[20]毕惟红,任红民,吴庆标.一种新的遗传算法最优保存策略[J].浙江大学学报(理学版),2006,33(1):32-35.BI W H,REN H M,WU Q B.A new elitist strategy in genetic algorithms[J].Journal of Zhejiang University,2006,33(1):32-35.