基于水库-河道耦合关系的水库水沙联合调度模型研究与应用
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摘要
为使多沙河流水库既能实现防洪、发电和生态等综合效益,同时又能兼顾下游河道维持一定过流能力的目标,运用动态规划方法构建了基于水库-河道耦合关系的水库多目标优化调度数学模型,集成了水库减淤效益、发电效益、下游河道河床演变3个计算子模块。其中下游河道河床演变计算子模块是整个数学模型的核心模块,它的年度计算结果既作为水库调度寻优的判别条件,又通过实时反馈更新了下一年度水库优化调度计算的边界条件。将该模型应用到黄河小浪底水库水沙联合调度的研究中,结果表明,在维持下游河道4000 m3/s左右的中水河槽的基础上,构建的模型能充分权衡下游防洪、库区减淤、电站发电之间的关系,实现了水库综合效益的优化。该结论为研究多沙河流水库水沙联合优化调度提供了新的思路和理论依据。
In order to raise comprehensive benefit of reservoir on sediment-laden river, considering flood control, power generation, ecological remediation and discharge capacity maintenance of downstream chan-nel,a mathematical model of multi-objective optimization of reservoir has been established by using dynam-ic programming method on the basis of reservoir-channels coupling relationships. It is composed of computa-tion modules of sediment scour,power benefit and riverbed evolution in downstream channel. Among them,the riverbed evolution module is the focus of the whole mathematical model. The result of calculation is regarded as not only the critical state for the optimization dispatching, but also the boundary conditions forthe next year. The model has been applied to the research of water-sand joint operation of Xiaolangdi reser-voir. The results show that the model can effectively coordinate the benefits of flood control and power generation,and achieve comprehensive benefit on the basis of maintaining discharge capacity around 4000 m3/s.It is of great significance to solve the problem of water-sediment coordinative optimized dispatch in the reservoir of sediment-laden river.
In order to raise comprehensive benefit of reservoir on sediment-laden river, considering flood control, power generation, ecological remediation and discharge capacity maintenance of downstream chan-nel,a mathematical model of multi-objective optimization of reservoir has been established by using dynam-ic programming method on the basis of reservoir-channels coupling relationships. It is composed of computa-tion modules of sediment scour,power benefit and riverbed evolution in downstream channel. Among them,the riverbed evolution module is the focus of the whole mathematical model. The result of calculation is regarded as not only the critical state for the optimization dispatching, but also the boundary conditions forthe next year. The model has been applied to the research of water-sand joint operation of Xiaolangdi reser-voir. The results show that the model can effectively coordinate the benefits of flood control and power generation,and achieve comprehensive benefit on the basis of maintaining discharge capacity around 4000 m3/s.It is of great significance to solve the problem of water-sediment coordinative optimized dispatch in the reservoir of sediment-laden river.
引文
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[10]王帅,彭杨,刘方,等.POA算法在水库水沙联合调度中的应用研究[J].水电能源科学,2012,30(4):29-31.
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[12]白涛,阚艳彬,畅建霞,等.水库群水沙调控的单-多目标调度模型及其应用[J].水科学进展,2016,27(1):116-127.
[13]DEEPTI Rani,MARIA Madalena Moreira.Simulation-optimization modeling:a survey and potential application in reservoir systems operation[J].Water Resources Management,2010,24:1107-1138.
[14]伊晓燕,张超,张翠萍,等.三门峡水库溯源冲刷对水沙及边界条件的响应[J].人民黄河,2016,38(1):28-30.
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[18]韩其为.水库淤积[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[19]马怀宝,张俊华,张金良,等.2008年调水调沙小浪底水库异重流排沙分析[J].人民黄河,2008,30(11):27-30.
[20]王婷,马怀宝,陈书奎,等.2007年调水调沙小浪底水库异重流排沙分析[J].人民黄河,2008,30(12):54-56.
[21]WU Baosheng,WANG Guangqian,XIA Junqiang.Case study:delayed sedimentation response to inflow and operations at Sanmenxia dam[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2007,133(5):482-494.
[22]WU Baosheng,WANG Guangqian,XIA Junqiang,et al.Response of bankfull discharge to discharge and sediment load in the Lower Yellow River[J].Geomorphology,2008,100(3/4):366-376.
[23]WU Baosheng,XIA Junqiang,FU Xudong,et al.Effect of altered flow regime on bankfull area of the Lower Yellow River,China[J].Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,2008,33:1585-1601.
[24]李凌云.黄河平滩流量的计算方法及应用研究[D].北京:清华大学,2010.
[25]胡铁松,万永华,冯尚友.基于知识的交互式多目标动态规划决策方法[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),1994(1):24-29.
[26]王玲,王怀柏,潘启民,等.黄河泥沙公报(2009)[R].郑州:水利部黄河水利委员会,2010.
[2]郭庆超,胡春宏,李景宗.黄河中下游大型水库对下游河道的减淤作用[J].水利学报,2005,36(5):511-518.
[3]胡春宏,陈建国,郭庆超,等.论维持黄河健康生命的关键技术与调控措施[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2005,3(1):1-5.
[4]李文家,许自达.三门峡、陆浑、故县三水库联合防御黄河下游洪水最优调度模型探讨[J].人民黄河,1990(4):21-26.
[5]杜殿勖,朱厚生.三门峡水库水沙综合调节优化调度运用的研究[J].水力发电学报,1992(2):12-24.
[6]包为民,万新宇,荆艳东.多沙水库水沙联合调度模型研究[J].水力发电学报,2007,26(6):101-105.
[7]练继建,万毅,张金良.异重流过程的梯级水库优化调度研究[J].水力发电学报,2008,27(1):18-23.
[8]吴巍,周孝德,王新宏,等.多泥沙河流供水水库水沙联合优化调度的研究与应用[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2010(12):221-229.
[9]晋健,马光文,吕金波.大渡河瀑布沟以下梯级电站发电及水沙联合调度方案研究[J].水力发电学报,2011,30(6):210-214.
[10]王帅,彭杨,刘方,等.POA算法在水库水沙联合调度中的应用研究[J].水电能源科学,2012,30(4):29-31.
[11]彭杨,纪昌明,刘方.梯级水库水沙联合优化调度多目标决策模型及应用[J].水利学报,2013,44(11):1272-1277.
[12]白涛,阚艳彬,畅建霞,等.水库群水沙调控的单-多目标调度模型及其应用[J].水科学进展,2016,27(1):116-127.
[13]DEEPTI Rani,MARIA Madalena Moreira.Simulation-optimization modeling:a survey and potential application in reservoir systems operation[J].Water Resources Management,2010,24:1107-1138.
[14]伊晓燕,张超,张翠萍,等.三门峡水库溯源冲刷对水沙及边界条件的响应[J].人民黄河,2016,38(1):28-30.
[15]ASAHI K,SHIMIZU Y,NELSON J,et al.Numerical simulation of river meandering with self-evolving banks[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Earth Surface,2013,118(4):2208-2229.
[16]江恩惠,万强,曹永涛.小浪底水库拦沙运用九年后黄河下游防洪形势预测[J].泥沙研究,2010(1):1-4.
[17]韩其为,何明民.泥沙数学模型中冲淤计算的几个问题[J].水利学报,1988(5):18-27.
[18]韩其为.水库淤积[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[19]马怀宝,张俊华,张金良,等.2008年调水调沙小浪底水库异重流排沙分析[J].人民黄河,2008,30(11):27-30.
[20]王婷,马怀宝,陈书奎,等.2007年调水调沙小浪底水库异重流排沙分析[J].人民黄河,2008,30(12):54-56.
[21]WU Baosheng,WANG Guangqian,XIA Junqiang.Case study:delayed sedimentation response to inflow and operations at Sanmenxia dam[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2007,133(5):482-494.
[22]WU Baosheng,WANG Guangqian,XIA Junqiang,et al.Response of bankfull discharge to discharge and sediment load in the Lower Yellow River[J].Geomorphology,2008,100(3/4):366-376.
[23]WU Baosheng,XIA Junqiang,FU Xudong,et al.Effect of altered flow regime on bankfull area of the Lower Yellow River,China[J].Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,2008,33:1585-1601.
[24]李凌云.黄河平滩流量的计算方法及应用研究[D].北京:清华大学,2010.
[25]胡铁松,万永华,冯尚友.基于知识的交互式多目标动态规划决策方法[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),1994(1):24-29.
[26]王玲,王怀柏,潘启民,等.黄河泥沙公报(2009)[R].郑州:水利部黄河水利委员会,2010.