基于电压–能量反比特性的避雷器型最后断路器保护优化策略研究
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摘要
最后断路器保护主要用于防止逆变站交流系统甩负荷所引起的严重过电压对系统设备造成的不良影响。除了常规型的最后断路器保护,特高压换流站还配置有避雷器型最后断路器保护作为后备保护。但是,此类保护还存在对过电压水平无法实现动作速度的适应性的问题。针对现有基于固有电压量积分方法存在的缺陷,提出了基于电压实时测量量的避雷器型最后断路器保护改进方法,并提出了基于电压–能量反比特性的避雷器型最后断路器保护动作门槛值的动态整定策略。该文参照向家坝—上海特高压直流输电系统实际参数搭建仿真模型,并通过仿真算例验证了该文方法在保证动作可靠性的前提下,可以进一步缩短系统设备承受高倍过电压的时间,更好地保护主设备。
The last circuit breaker protection is used for preventing the adverse effect on equipment caused by severe over-voltage when all the AC loads in the inverter side are shedding. In addition to conventional last circuit breaker protection, UHVDC convertor station is also equipped with arrester based last circuit breaker protection as backup protection. However, problem also exists on arrester based last circuit breaker protection for its adaptability of action speed under different over-voltage factors. To cover the deficiency of the existing method, firstly, instead of constant, the power integration of arrest was obtained by using real-time voltage, which form an improved arrest-based last circuit breaker protection. Besides, in order to improve the performance of the protection, a dynamic setting strategy of threshold based on the inverse characteristic of voltage and energy was proposed. Secondly, an UHVDC simulation model was established according to the actual parameters of Xiangjiaba-Shanghai UHVDC transmission system, which meet the demand of research. A series of simulation examples show that the improved method can shorten the duration time of equipment withstanding severe over-voltage under the premise of guaranteed operating reliability, which can protect the equipment in safe.
The last circuit breaker protection is used for preventing the adverse effect on equipment caused by severe over-voltage when all the AC loads in the inverter side are shedding. In addition to conventional last circuit breaker protection, UHVDC convertor station is also equipped with arrester based last circuit breaker protection as backup protection. However, problem also exists on arrester based last circuit breaker protection for its adaptability of action speed under different over-voltage factors. To cover the deficiency of the existing method, firstly, instead of constant, the power integration of arrest was obtained by using real-time voltage, which form an improved arrest-based last circuit breaker protection. Besides, in order to improve the performance of the protection, a dynamic setting strategy of threshold based on the inverse characteristic of voltage and energy was proposed. Secondly, an UHVDC simulation model was established according to the actual parameters of Xiangjiaba-Shanghai UHVDC transmission system, which meet the demand of research. A series of simulation examples show that the improved method can shorten the duration time of equipment withstanding severe over-voltage under the premise of guaranteed operating reliability, which can protect the equipment in safe.
引文
[1]李伟,肖湘宁,郭琦.抑制云广特高压直流孤岛运行甩负荷过电压的控制逻辑优化研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(5):1373-1378.Li Wei,Xiao Xiangning,Guo Qi.Research on the UHVDC control optimization schemes for mitigating temporary overvoltage when shedding load in islanded operation mode[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(5):1373-1378(in Chinese).
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[8]汲广,刘茂涛,张志朝,等.±800k V云广工程逆变站阀组最后断路器保护逻辑改进分析[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(4):130-133.Ji Guang,Liu Maotao,Zhang Zhichao,et al.Improvement on last breaker protection logic for valve group in inverter station of±800k V Yun-Guang DC system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(4):130-133(in Chinese).
[9]李少华,刘涛,苏匀,等.±800k V特高压直流输电系统解锁/闭锁研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(6):84-87.Li Shaohua,Liu Tao,Su Yun,et al.Research on de-blocking/blocking operation in±800k V UHVDC system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(6):84-87(in Chinese).
[10]黄永瑞,姚为正,张建,等.±800k V特高压直流输电换流站无功功率研究[J].电工技术,2012(7):16-17.Huang Yongrui,Yao Weizheng,Zhang Jian,et al.Research on reactive power of inverter station in±800k V UHVDC system[J].Electric Engineering,2012(7):16-17(in Chinese).
[11]童重立.避雷器型最后断路器保护改进方案及后备策略研究[D].湖北:华中科技大学,2015.Tong Chongli.Study of improved scheme and backup strategy of arrester based last circuit breaker protection[D].Hubei:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2015(in Chinese).
[12]田庆.政平换流站最后断路器保护逻辑分析[J].水电能源科学,2009,27(1):177-179.Tian Qing.Analysis of protection logistic for last breaker trip in Zhengping converter station[J].Water Resources and Power,2009,27(1):177-179(in Chinese).
[13]江一,夏拥.深圳换流站最后断路器及线路保护的改进建议[J].南方电网技术,2009,3(1):69-71.Jiang Yi,Xia Yong.Suggestions to improve the last circuit breaker and line protection at Shenzhen converter station[J].Southern Power System Technology,2009,3(1):69-71(in Chinese).
[14]李明,童重立,李岩,等.小负荷下避雷器型最后断路器保护策略仿真分析[J].电气应用,2013(S2):688-693.Li Ming,Tong Chongli,Li Yan,et al.Protection scheme and simulation of arrester based last circuit breaker protection in light loaded power system[J].Electrotechnical Application,2013(S2):688-693(in Chinese).
[15]王华伟,蒋卫平,吴娅妮,等.云广±800k V特高压直流工程逆变站最后断路器跳闸故障研究[J].电网技术,2008,32(18):6-9.Wang Huawei,Jiang Weiping,Wu Yani,et al.Study on last break trip fault of inverter station in±800k V UHVDC project from Yunnan to Guangdong[J].Power System Technology,2008,32(18):6-9(in Chinese).
[16]许卫刚,张志宏,单哲,等.特高压直流与常规直流工程最后断路器保护浅析[J].江苏电机工程,2010,29(5):6-10.Xu Weigang,Zhang Zhihong,Shan Zhe,et al.Analysis of the last breaker protection in UHVDC and conventional HVDC projects[J].Jiangsu Electrical Engineering,2010,29(5):6-10(in Chinese).
[2]郑超.直流逆变端扰动对整流端影响机制及应对措施[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(7):1817-1827.Zheng Chao.Study on the mechanism and countermeasures of the influence of disturbance at inverter side on the rectifier side[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(7):1817-1827(in Chinese).
[3]杨万开,印永华,曾南超.特高压直流输电工程单极保护降压试验研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(4):659-665.Yang Wankai,Yin Yonghua,Zeng Nanchao.Study on monopole protective reduce voltage test of±800k V UHVDC transmission project[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(4):659-665(in Chinese).
[4]王明新,张强.直流输电系统接地极电流对交流电网的影响分析[J].电网技术,2005,29(3):9-14.Wang Mingxin,Zhang Qiang.Analysis on influence of ground electrode current in HVDC on AC power network[J].Power System Technology,2005,29(3):9-14(in Chinese).
[5]郑晓冬,邰能灵,杨光亮,等.特高压直流输电系统的建模与仿真[J].电力自动化设备,2012,32(7):10-14,61.Zheng Xiaodong,Tai Nengling,Yang Guangliang,et al.Modeling and simulation of UHVDC system[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2012,32(7):10-14,61(in Chinese).
[6]郑涛,赵彦杰.超/特高压磁控式并联电抗器合闸过程分析及其影响研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(7):1790-1798.Zheng Tao,Zhao Yanjie.Analysis on energization and its effects of EHV/UHV magnetically controlled shunt reactors[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(7):1790-1798(in Chinese).
[7]田庆,严宇清,杨爱民.龙政直流最后断路器保护逻辑分析[J].电网与清洁能源,2009,25(4):13-15.Tian Qing,Yan Yuqing,Yang Aimin.Analysis on the last breaker protection principle in Longquan-Zhengping DC transmission project[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2009,25(4):13-15(in Chinese).
[8]汲广,刘茂涛,张志朝,等.±800k V云广工程逆变站阀组最后断路器保护逻辑改进分析[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(4):130-133.Ji Guang,Liu Maotao,Zhang Zhichao,et al.Improvement on last breaker protection logic for valve group in inverter station of±800k V Yun-Guang DC system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(4):130-133(in Chinese).
[9]李少华,刘涛,苏匀,等.±800k V特高压直流输电系统解锁/闭锁研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(6):84-87.Li Shaohua,Liu Tao,Su Yun,et al.Research on de-blocking/blocking operation in±800k V UHVDC system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(6):84-87(in Chinese).
[10]黄永瑞,姚为正,张建,等.±800k V特高压直流输电换流站无功功率研究[J].电工技术,2012(7):16-17.Huang Yongrui,Yao Weizheng,Zhang Jian,et al.Research on reactive power of inverter station in±800k V UHVDC system[J].Electric Engineering,2012(7):16-17(in Chinese).
[11]童重立.避雷器型最后断路器保护改进方案及后备策略研究[D].湖北:华中科技大学,2015.Tong Chongli.Study of improved scheme and backup strategy of arrester based last circuit breaker protection[D].Hubei:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2015(in Chinese).
[12]田庆.政平换流站最后断路器保护逻辑分析[J].水电能源科学,2009,27(1):177-179.Tian Qing.Analysis of protection logistic for last breaker trip in Zhengping converter station[J].Water Resources and Power,2009,27(1):177-179(in Chinese).
[13]江一,夏拥.深圳换流站最后断路器及线路保护的改进建议[J].南方电网技术,2009,3(1):69-71.Jiang Yi,Xia Yong.Suggestions to improve the last circuit breaker and line protection at Shenzhen converter station[J].Southern Power System Technology,2009,3(1):69-71(in Chinese).
[14]李明,童重立,李岩,等.小负荷下避雷器型最后断路器保护策略仿真分析[J].电气应用,2013(S2):688-693.Li Ming,Tong Chongli,Li Yan,et al.Protection scheme and simulation of arrester based last circuit breaker protection in light loaded power system[J].Electrotechnical Application,2013(S2):688-693(in Chinese).
[15]王华伟,蒋卫平,吴娅妮,等.云广±800k V特高压直流工程逆变站最后断路器跳闸故障研究[J].电网技术,2008,32(18):6-9.Wang Huawei,Jiang Weiping,Wu Yani,et al.Study on last break trip fault of inverter station in±800k V UHVDC project from Yunnan to Guangdong[J].Power System Technology,2008,32(18):6-9(in Chinese).
[16]许卫刚,张志宏,单哲,等.特高压直流与常规直流工程最后断路器保护浅析[J].江苏电机工程,2010,29(5):6-10.Xu Weigang,Zhang Zhihong,Shan Zhe,et al.Analysis of the last breaker protection in UHVDC and conventional HVDC projects[J].Jiangsu Electrical Engineering,2010,29(5):6-10(in Chinese).