客货共线无砟轨道钢轨支点压力时程特性分析方法
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摘要
采用Tekscan压力测量系统现场测试了遂宁—重庆客货共线无砟轨道钢轨支点压力,提出了高斯函数型钢轨支点压力时程表达式,并通过现场实测数据对其进行验证;根据钢轨支点压力时程表达式,采用时序式加载法对轨道结构模型施加荷载,并将其动力响应结果分别与车辆-轨道-路基垂向耦合振动模型的计算结果和现场实测结果进行对比。研究结果表明:现场实测客货车对钢轨支点的最大压力分别为29.91和82.49 kN,与中国铁道科学研究院测试结果的相对误差小于20%,故Tekscan压力测量系统可精确测试钢轨支点压力;高斯函数拟合所得客货车对钢轨支点压力的时程曲线与实测曲线的相关系数分别为0.962 7和0.966 7,最大压力与现场实测值的相对差异分别为5.15%和0.46%,最小压力与现场实测值的相对差异分别为7.23%和24.11%,故采用高斯函数能较好地模拟客货车对钢轨支点压力的时程曲线,且货车作用下钢轨支点压力时程的模拟精度略高于客车;基于时序式加载法的荷载激励-轨道-路基模型计算结果与车辆-轨道-路基垂向耦合振动模型计算结果和现场测试结果相比,轨道板最大位移相对差异分别为5.41%和2.70%,底座板最大位移相对差异分别为2.86%和5.71%,轨道板最大加速度相对差异分别为14.00%和23.20%,底座板最大加速度相对差异分别为13.61%和8.73%。可见,基于时序式加载法和高斯函数型钢轨支点压力时程表达式的荷载激励-轨道-路基模型可靠,该方法无需建立车体模型,既能保证计算效率,又具有很高的精度。
The rail supporting force for mixed passenger and freight railway with ballastless track in the Suining to Chongqing Railway was tested on site by the Tekscan pressure measurement system. A Gaussian function type time-history expression of rail supporting force was proposed and verified by the field test data. According to the time-history expression of rail supporting force, the loads were applied to the track structure model through the sequential loading method, and the dynamic response results were compared with those obtained from the vehicle-track-subgrade vertical coupling vibration model and the field test. Research result shows that the maximum field measured rail supporting forces of passenger and freight train are 29.91 and 82.49 kN, respectively. The relative differences are less than 20% in comparison with the test result obtained by the China Academy of Railway Sciences. Therefore, the Tekscan pressure measurement system can accurately measure the rail supporting force. For the passenger and freight train, the correlation coefficients of rail supporting force time-history curves fitted by the Gaussian function and the field measured curves are 0.962 7 and 0.966 7, respectively. The relative differences between the fitted maximum rail supporting forces and the field measured values are 5.15% and 0.46%, respectively, and the relative differences between the fitted minimum rail supporting forces and the field measured values are 7.23% and 24.11%, respectively. Therefore, the Gaussian function can well simulate the time-history curves of rail supporting force under the actions of passenger and freight trains, and the simulation accuracy to freight train is slightly higher than to passenger train. Compared with the results of vehicle-track-subgrade vertical coupling vibration model and field test, the relative differences of the maximum displacements of track slab obtained from the load excitation-track-subgrade model based on the sequential loading method are 5.41% and 2.70%, respectively, the relative differences of the maximum displacements of base plate are 2.86% and 5.71%, respectively, the relative differences of the maximum acceleration of track slab are 14.00% and 23.20%, respectively, and the relative differences of the maximum accelerations of base plate are 13.61% and 8.73%, respectively. Therefore, the load excitation-track-subgrade model based on the sequential loading method and the Gaussian function type time-history expression of rail supporting force is reliable. This method does not need to establish the car body model, and not only ensure the calculation efficiency, but also have a very high accuracy. 2 tabs, 21 figs, 29 refs.
The rail supporting force for mixed passenger and freight railway with ballastless track in the Suining to Chongqing Railway was tested on site by the Tekscan pressure measurement system. A Gaussian function type time-history expression of rail supporting force was proposed and verified by the field test data. According to the time-history expression of rail supporting force, the loads were applied to the track structure model through the sequential loading method, and the dynamic response results were compared with those obtained from the vehicle-track-subgrade vertical coupling vibration model and the field test. Research result shows that the maximum field measured rail supporting forces of passenger and freight train are 29.91 and 82.49 kN, respectively. The relative differences are less than 20% in comparison with the test result obtained by the China Academy of Railway Sciences. Therefore, the Tekscan pressure measurement system can accurately measure the rail supporting force. For the passenger and freight train, the correlation coefficients of rail supporting force time-history curves fitted by the Gaussian function and the field measured curves are 0.962 7 and 0.966 7, respectively. The relative differences between the fitted maximum rail supporting forces and the field measured values are 5.15% and 0.46%, respectively, and the relative differences between the fitted minimum rail supporting forces and the field measured values are 7.23% and 24.11%, respectively. Therefore, the Gaussian function can well simulate the time-history curves of rail supporting force under the actions of passenger and freight trains, and the simulation accuracy to freight train is slightly higher than to passenger train. Compared with the results of vehicle-track-subgrade vertical coupling vibration model and field test, the relative differences of the maximum displacements of track slab obtained from the load excitation-track-subgrade model based on the sequential loading method are 5.41% and 2.70%, respectively, the relative differences of the maximum displacements of base plate are 2.86% and 5.71%, respectively, the relative differences of the maximum acceleration of track slab are 14.00% and 23.20%, respectively, and the relative differences of the maximum accelerations of base plate are 13.61% and 8.73%, respectively. Therefore, the load excitation-track-subgrade model based on the sequential loading method and the Gaussian function type time-history expression of rail supporting force is reliable. This method does not need to establish the car body model, and not only ensure the calculation efficiency, but also have a very high accuracy. 2 tabs, 21 figs, 29 refs.
引文
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[19] 陈希成,蔡成标,徐鹏.移动荷载作用下路基上板式轨道动力学特性分析[J].铁道建筑,2007(11):94-97.CHEN Xi-cheng,CAI Cheng-biao,XU Peng.Analysis on dynamic performance of slab track on subgrade under move loading action[J].Railway Engineering,2007(11):94-97.(in Chinese)
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[21] 邵鸣和.高速列车运行于无砟轨道引起的地面振动数值模拟[D].成都:西南交通大学,2013.SHAO Ming-he.Numerical simulation of ground vibration induced by high-speed train on non-ballasted railway[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2013.(in Chinese)
[22] 王晅,张家生,王启云.无砟轨道路基列车动载激励及动力响应三维数值模拟[J].地震工程学报,2014,36(4):857-867.WANG Xuan,ZHANG Jia-sheng,WANG Qi-yun.Three-dimensional numerical simulation for vehicle dynamic load and dynamic response of ballastless track subgrade[J].China Earthquake Engineering Journal,2014,36(4):857-867.(in Chinese)
[23] 朱胜阳,蔡成标.温度和列车动荷载作用下双块式无砟轨道道床板损伤特性研究[J].中国铁道科学,2012,33(1):6-12.ZHU Sheng-yang,CAI Cheng-biao.Research on the damage characteristics of double-block ballastless track bed slab under temperature and vehicle dynamic loads[J].China Railway Science,2012,33(1):6-12.(in Chinese)
[24] 蒋红光,边学成,陈云敏,等.高速铁路轨道-路基列车移动荷载模拟的全比尺加速加载试验[J].土木工程学报,2015,48(9):85-95.JIANG Hong-guang,BIAN Xue-cheng,CHEN Yun-min,et al.Full-scale accelerated testing for simulation of train moving loads in track-subgrade system of high-speed railways[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2015,48(9):85-95.(in Chinese)
[25] 付昱华.弹性地基梁按文克尔假设的位移与反力[J].铁道标准设计,1979(2):22-24.FU Yu-hua.Displacement and reaction force of elastic foundation beam according to the Winkler hypothesis[J].Railway Standard Design,1979(2):22-24.(in Chinese)
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[2] 蔡成标,翟婉明,王开云.遂渝线路基上板式轨道动力性能计算及评估分析[J].中国铁道科学,2006,27(4):17-21.CAI Cheng-biao,ZHAI Wan-ming,WANG Kai-yun.Calculation and assessment analysis of the dynamic performance for slab track on Sui-Yu Railway[J].China Railway Science,2006,27(4):17-21.(in Chinese)
[3] 任娟娟,徐家铎,田根源,等.客货共线无砟轨道轮轨力统计特征研究[J].工程力学,2018,35(2):239-248.REN Juan-juan,XU Jia-duo,TIAN Gen-yuan,et al.Field test and statistical characteristics of wheel-rail force for slab track with passenger and freight traffic[J].Engineering Mechanics,2018,35(2):239-248.(in Chinese)
[4] REN Juan-juan,DENG Shi-jie,WEI Kai,et al.Mechanical property deterioration of the prefabricated concrete slab in mixed passenger and freight railway tracks[J].Construction and Building Materials,2019,208:622-637.
[5] 梁波,蔡英.不平顺条件下高速铁路路基的动力分析[J].铁道学报,1999,21(2):84-88.LIANG Bo,CAI Ying.Dynamic analysis on subgrade of high speed railways in geometric irregular condition[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,1999,21(2):84-88.(in Chinese)
[6] 任娟娟,邓世杰,闫亚飞,等.列车荷载致板式无砟轨道力学性能影响分析[J/OL].西南交通大学学报,2018-05-22[2019-03-12].http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/51.1277.U.20180321.1956.022.html.REN Juan-juan,DENG Shi-jie,YAN Ya-fei,et al.Influence of train load on the mechanical property of the prefabricated slab track[J/OL].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2018-05-22[2019-03-12].http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/51.1277.U.20180321.1956.022.html.(in Chinese)
[7] LI Q T,LUO Y,LIU Y.Estimating clamping force of rail fastener system by experimental and numerical methods[J].Transportation Research Procedia,2017,25:443-450.
[8] 韦凯,王丰,杨麒陆,等.钢轨扣件弹性垫板的宽频动力性能及其理论表征[J].铁道学报,2019,41(2):130-136.WEI Kai,WANG Feng,YANG Qi-lu,et al.Broad frequency-domain dynamic properties of rail pad and its theoretical modal[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2019,41(2):130-136.(in Chinese)
[9] ASKARINEJAD H,DHANASEKAR M,BOYD P,et al.Field measurement of wheel-rail impact force at insulated rail joint[J].Experimental Techniques,2015,39(5):61-69.
[10] STEENBERGENM J M M,DE JONG E,ZOETEMAN A.Dynamic axle loads as a main source of railway track degradation[J].Geotechnical Safety and Risk V,2015,5:243-249.
[11] KATOU M,MATSUOKA T,YOSHIOKA O,et al.Numerical simulation study of ground vibrations using forces from wheels of a running high-speed train[J].Journal and Sound Vibration,2008,318(4/5):830-849.
[12] MEYMAND S Z,AHMADIAN M.Design,development,and calibration of a force-moment measurement system for wheel-rail contact mechanics in roller rigs[J].Measurement,2016,81:113-122.
[13] 罗晶,李斌,全健健.基于轮轨动态力测试的小半径曲线车辆运行安全性分析[J].兰州工业学院学报,2015,22(5):32-35.LUO Jing,LI Bin,QUAN Jian-jian.The operation safety analysis of vehicles on sharp-radius curve based on the test of dynamic wheel-rail forces[J].Journal of Lanzhou Institute of Technology,2015,22(5):32-35.(in Chinese)
[14] 金鑫,金新灿,龚明,等.基于轮轴动应力测试的轮轨力识别与分析[J].北京交通大学学报,2012,36(4):173-177.JIN Xin,JIN Xin-can,GONG Ming,et al.Wheel-rail force identification and analysis based on wheelset dynamic stress testing[J].Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University,2012,36(4):173-177.(in Chinese)
[15] 蒋红光.高速铁路板式轨道结构-路基动力相互作用及累积沉降研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.JIANG Hong-guang.Dynamic interaction of slab track structure-subgrade system and accumulative settlement in high-speed railways[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2014.(in Chinese)
[16] BIAN Xue-cheng,JIANG Hong-guang,CHEN Yun-min,et al.A full-scale physical model test apparatus for investigating the dynamic performance of the slab track system of a high-speed railway[J].Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit,2016,230(2):554-571.
[17] 黄瑛.高速铁路路基动态响应分析及模型实验装置研制[D].长沙:中南大学,2009.HUANG Ying.Dynamic response analysis of high-speed railway subgrade and development of model experiment device[D].Changsha:Central South University,2009.(in Chinese)
[18] 戴林发宝.高速列车振动作用下水-土-管片耦合及砂土液化分析[D].成都:西南交通大学,2011.DAI Lin-fa-bao.Study on fluid-particle-lining effect and sand liquefaction under vibration load of high speed railway[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2011.(in Chinese)
[19] 陈希成,蔡成标,徐鹏.移动荷载作用下路基上板式轨道动力学特性分析[J].铁道建筑,2007(11):94-97.CHEN Xi-cheng,CAI Cheng-biao,XU Peng.Analysis on dynamic performance of slab track on subgrade under move loading action[J].Railway Engineering,2007(11):94-97.(in Chinese)
[20] 周小壮.无砟轨道路基动态响应特性及室内模型加载方式研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2011.ZHOU Xiao-zhuang.Study on dynamic response characteristics of ballastless track subgrade and loading mode of indoor model[D].Changsha:Central South Universty,2011.(in Chinese)
[21] 邵鸣和.高速列车运行于无砟轨道引起的地面振动数值模拟[D].成都:西南交通大学,2013.SHAO Ming-he.Numerical simulation of ground vibration induced by high-speed train on non-ballasted railway[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2013.(in Chinese)
[22] 王晅,张家生,王启云.无砟轨道路基列车动载激励及动力响应三维数值模拟[J].地震工程学报,2014,36(4):857-867.WANG Xuan,ZHANG Jia-sheng,WANG Qi-yun.Three-dimensional numerical simulation for vehicle dynamic load and dynamic response of ballastless track subgrade[J].China Earthquake Engineering Journal,2014,36(4):857-867.(in Chinese)
[23] 朱胜阳,蔡成标.温度和列车动荷载作用下双块式无砟轨道道床板损伤特性研究[J].中国铁道科学,2012,33(1):6-12.ZHU Sheng-yang,CAI Cheng-biao.Research on the damage characteristics of double-block ballastless track bed slab under temperature and vehicle dynamic loads[J].China Railway Science,2012,33(1):6-12.(in Chinese)
[24] 蒋红光,边学成,陈云敏,等.高速铁路轨道-路基列车移动荷载模拟的全比尺加速加载试验[J].土木工程学报,2015,48(9):85-95.JIANG Hong-guang,BIAN Xue-cheng,CHEN Yun-min,et al.Full-scale accelerated testing for simulation of train moving loads in track-subgrade system of high-speed railways[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2015,48(9):85-95.(in Chinese)
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