酚醛树脂基木塑复合材料的阻燃性能和热性能研究
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摘要
利用9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物(DOPO)合成了一种有机磷无卤阻燃剂(D-bp),将其用于酚醛树脂基木塑复合材料的阻燃改性,并通过UL 94垂直燃烧、锥形量热、热重分析和动态力学性能等测试研究了磷含量对该木塑复合材料阻燃性能的影响。结果表明:D-bp的阻燃机理以凝聚相阻燃为主,可使酚醛树脂基木塑复合材料获得优异的阻燃性能。当木塑复合材料的磷含量为0.75%时,其阻燃等级能达到UL 94V-0级,失重5%的热分解温度(Td,5%)提高了11℃;当木塑复合材料的磷含量为1%时,最大热释放速率(P-HRR)和总热释放量(THR)分别为219.3 kW/m2和65.82 MJ/m2,比未阻燃材料分别降低了34.5%和12%。
A 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide(DOPO)-based organic-phosphorus flame retardant(D-bp) was synthesized and used to improve the flame retardancy of phenol formaldehyde resin-based halogen-free fl ame retarded wood-plastic composites. The effects of phosphorus content on fl ame retardancy and thermal properties of the wood-plastic composites were studied by UL 94 vertical burning, cone calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis and dynamic mechanical properties tests. The results show that the fl ame retardant mechanism of D-bp is mainly condensed-phase fl ame retardation, which endows the wood-plastic composites with excellent flame retardancy. The wood-plastic composites passed V-0 rating of UL 94 vertical burning test when the phosphorus content is 0.75%, and the thermal decomposition temperature of 5% weight loss(T_(d,5%)) is increased by 11℃. Peak of heat release rate(P-HRR) and total heat release(THR) are 219.3 kW/m2 and 65.82 MJ/m2 when the phosphorus content is 1%, which respectively decline by 34.5% and 12% compared with the neat wood-plastic composites.
A 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide(DOPO)-based organic-phosphorus flame retardant(D-bp) was synthesized and used to improve the flame retardancy of phenol formaldehyde resin-based halogen-free fl ame retarded wood-plastic composites. The effects of phosphorus content on fl ame retardancy and thermal properties of the wood-plastic composites were studied by UL 94 vertical burning, cone calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis and dynamic mechanical properties tests. The results show that the fl ame retardant mechanism of D-bp is mainly condensed-phase fl ame retardation, which endows the wood-plastic composites with excellent flame retardancy. The wood-plastic composites passed V-0 rating of UL 94 vertical burning test when the phosphorus content is 0.75%, and the thermal decomposition temperature of 5% weight loss(T_(d,5%)) is increased by 11℃. Peak of heat release rate(P-HRR) and total heat release(THR) are 219.3 kW/m2 and 65.82 MJ/m2 when the phosphorus content is 1%, which respectively decline by 34.5% and 12% compared with the neat wood-plastic composites.
引文
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[2]刘彬,李彬,王怀栋,等.木塑复合材料应用现状及发展趋势[J].工程塑料应用,2017,45(1):137-141.
[3]李平阳,陈涛,许肖丽.木塑复合材料无卤阻燃的研究进展[J].上海塑料,2016(4):7-15.
[4]Wang Z,Wu W,Zhong Y H,et al.Flame-retardant materials based on phosphorus-containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane and bismaleimide/diallylbisphenol with improved thermal resistance and dielectric properties[J].JAppl Polym Sci,2015,DOI:10.1002/app.41545.
[5]Lu S Y,Hamerton I.Recent developments in the chemistry of halogen-free flame retardant polymers[J].Prog Polym Sci,2002,27(8):1 661-1 712.
[6]Wang X,Hu Y,Song L,et al.Flame retardancy and thermal degradation mechanism of epoxy resin composites based on a DOPO substituted organophosphorus oligomer[J].Polymer,2010,51:2 435-2 445.
[7]Sun D C,Yao Y W.Synthesis of three novel phosphoruscontaining flame retardants and their application in epoxy resins[J].Polym Degrad Stab,2011,96:1 720-1 724.
[8]伍毓强,杜鹏飞,刘志鹏,等.磷杂菲反应型阻燃多元醇制备聚异氰脲酸酯硬泡及性能[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2017,33(1):12-17.
[9]Xu W H,Wirasaputra A,Liu S M,et al.Highly effective flame retarded epoxy resin cured by DOPO-based co-curing agent[J].Polym Degrad Stab,2015,122:44-51.
[10]Gu L Q,Chen G A,Yao Y W.Two novel phosphorusnitrogen-containing halogen-free flame retardants of high performance for epoxy resin[J].Polym Degrad Stab,2014,108:68-75.