NLFM-Costas射频隐身雷达信号设计及分析
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摘要
为了降低雷达信号被无源探测系统截获的概率,本文提出了脉间Costas频率编码、脉内非线性调频的NLFM-Costas复合信号,理论上分析了信号模型,通过数值仿真得到NLFM-Costas信号的功率谱(PSD)、模糊函数、峰值旁瓣电平(PSL)和积分旁瓣电平(ISL)等。结果表明,NLFM-Costas复合信号具有近似"图钉型"模糊函数,自相关性能良好。该信号相比NLFM信号、Costas信号及LFM-Costas复合信号均具有更好的射频隐身性能,在现代战场环境下具有良好的应用前景。
This paper presents the Nonlinear Frequency Modulation(NLFM)-Costas hybrid signal with the complex methods of interpulse Costas frequency coded modulation and intrapulse Nonlinear Frequency Modulation(NLFM). The signal construction is analyzed in theory and four critical parameters are obtained, such as Power Spectrum Density(PSD), ambiguity function, Peak Sidelobe Level(PSL) and Integral Sidelobe Level(ISL). The experimental results show that the NLFM-Costas hybrid signal has the "thumbtack" ambiguity function and better autocorrelation property. The NLFM-Costas signal can achieve better RF stealth performance than NLFM signal or Costas signal or LFM-Costas hybrid signal and it has good application prospects in modern battlefield environment.
This paper presents the Nonlinear Frequency Modulation(NLFM)-Costas hybrid signal with the complex methods of interpulse Costas frequency coded modulation and intrapulse Nonlinear Frequency Modulation(NLFM). The signal construction is analyzed in theory and four critical parameters are obtained, such as Power Spectrum Density(PSD), ambiguity function, Peak Sidelobe Level(PSL) and Integral Sidelobe Level(ISL). The experimental results show that the NLFM-Costas hybrid signal has the "thumbtack" ambiguity function and better autocorrelation property. The NLFM-Costas signal can achieve better RF stealth performance than NLFM signal or Costas signal or LFM-Costas hybrid signal and it has good application prospects in modern battlefield environment.
引文
[1]Lynch D A.Introduction to RF Stealth[M].America:SciTech Publishing Inc Press,2004:23-25.
[2]Schleher D C.LPI radar:fact or fiction[J].IEEEAerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine,2006,21(5):3-6.
[3]Schrick G,Wiley R G.Interception of LPI radar signals[C]∥IEEE 1990 International Radar Conference,Arlington,VA,1990:108-111.
[4]汪飞,李海林,夏伟杰,等.低截获概率机载雷达信号处理技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2017:233-241.
[5]Costas J P.A study of a class of detection waveforms having nearly ideal range-doppler ambiguity properties[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,1984,72(8):996-1009.
[6]Levanon N,Mozeson E.Modified costas signal[J].IEEE Transaction on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,2004,40(3):946-953.
[7]李英祥,周先敏.一种具有LPI特性的雷达信号:新的FSK/PSK信号[J].信号处理,2002,18(2):177-179.Li Ying-xiang,Zhou Xian-min.A new FSK/PSK radar signal characterized with LPI[J].Signal Processing,2002,18(2):177-179.
[8]Yang Hong-bing,Zhou Jian-jiang,Wang Fei,et al.Design and analysis of Costas/PSK RF stealth signal waveform[C]∥IEEE CIE International Conference on Radar,Chengdu,China,2011:1247-1250.
[9]Touati N,Tatkeu C,Chonavel T,et al.Phase coded Costas signals for ambiguity function improvement and grating lobes suppression[C]∥IEEE 78th Vehicular Technology Conference,Las Vegas,NV,2013:1-5.
[10]Liu Feng,Mu Shan-xiang,Lv Wang-han,et al.MI-MO SAR waveform separation based on Costas-LFMsignal and co-arrays for maritime surveillance[J].IETJournals&Magazines,2017,26(1):211-217.
[11]罗美方,郝志梅,王强.LFM-频率编码复合低截获波形信号处理方法[J].电子科技大学学报,2017,46(2):335-339.Luo Mei-fang,Hao Zhi-mei,Wang Qiang.Signal processing technique for LFM/FSK hybrid LPI waveform[J].Journal of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,2017,46(2):335-339.
[12]付银娟,李勇,黄琼丹,等.OFD-NLFM雷达信号的优化设计及射频隐身性能分析[J].系统工程与电子技术,2017,39(10):2209-2214.Fu Yin-juan,Li Yong,Huang Qiong-dan,et al.Optimized design of OFD-NLFM radar signals and analysis of RF stealth performance[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics,2017,39(10):2209-2214.
[13]冯西安,张杨梅,苏建军.基于Costas编码脉冲串的低截获声呐波形设计方法[J].西北工业大学学报,2014,32(6):882-886.Feng Xi-an,Zhang Yang-mei,Su Jian-jun.Waveform design for low interception active sonar based on Costas sequence[J].Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University,2014,32(6):882-886.
[14]Pan Yi-chun,Peng Shi-rui,Yang Ke-feng,et al.Optimization design of NLFM signal and its pulse compression simulation[C]∥IEEE International Radar Conference,Arlington,VA,2005:383-386.
[15]Eustice D,Baylis C,Marks R J.Woodward′s ambiguity function:from foundations to applications[C]∥2015 Texas Symposium on Wireless and Microwave Circuits and Systems,Waco,TX,2015:1-17.
[2]Schleher D C.LPI radar:fact or fiction[J].IEEEAerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine,2006,21(5):3-6.
[3]Schrick G,Wiley R G.Interception of LPI radar signals[C]∥IEEE 1990 International Radar Conference,Arlington,VA,1990:108-111.
[4]汪飞,李海林,夏伟杰,等.低截获概率机载雷达信号处理技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2017:233-241.
[5]Costas J P.A study of a class of detection waveforms having nearly ideal range-doppler ambiguity properties[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,1984,72(8):996-1009.
[6]Levanon N,Mozeson E.Modified costas signal[J].IEEE Transaction on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,2004,40(3):946-953.
[7]李英祥,周先敏.一种具有LPI特性的雷达信号:新的FSK/PSK信号[J].信号处理,2002,18(2):177-179.Li Ying-xiang,Zhou Xian-min.A new FSK/PSK radar signal characterized with LPI[J].Signal Processing,2002,18(2):177-179.
[8]Yang Hong-bing,Zhou Jian-jiang,Wang Fei,et al.Design and analysis of Costas/PSK RF stealth signal waveform[C]∥IEEE CIE International Conference on Radar,Chengdu,China,2011:1247-1250.
[9]Touati N,Tatkeu C,Chonavel T,et al.Phase coded Costas signals for ambiguity function improvement and grating lobes suppression[C]∥IEEE 78th Vehicular Technology Conference,Las Vegas,NV,2013:1-5.
[10]Liu Feng,Mu Shan-xiang,Lv Wang-han,et al.MI-MO SAR waveform separation based on Costas-LFMsignal and co-arrays for maritime surveillance[J].IETJournals&Magazines,2017,26(1):211-217.
[11]罗美方,郝志梅,王强.LFM-频率编码复合低截获波形信号处理方法[J].电子科技大学学报,2017,46(2):335-339.Luo Mei-fang,Hao Zhi-mei,Wang Qiang.Signal processing technique for LFM/FSK hybrid LPI waveform[J].Journal of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,2017,46(2):335-339.
[12]付银娟,李勇,黄琼丹,等.OFD-NLFM雷达信号的优化设计及射频隐身性能分析[J].系统工程与电子技术,2017,39(10):2209-2214.Fu Yin-juan,Li Yong,Huang Qiong-dan,et al.Optimized design of OFD-NLFM radar signals and analysis of RF stealth performance[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics,2017,39(10):2209-2214.
[13]冯西安,张杨梅,苏建军.基于Costas编码脉冲串的低截获声呐波形设计方法[J].西北工业大学学报,2014,32(6):882-886.Feng Xi-an,Zhang Yang-mei,Su Jian-jun.Waveform design for low interception active sonar based on Costas sequence[J].Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University,2014,32(6):882-886.
[14]Pan Yi-chun,Peng Shi-rui,Yang Ke-feng,et al.Optimization design of NLFM signal and its pulse compression simulation[C]∥IEEE International Radar Conference,Arlington,VA,2005:383-386.
[15]Eustice D,Baylis C,Marks R J.Woodward′s ambiguity function:from foundations to applications[C]∥2015 Texas Symposium on Wireless and Microwave Circuits and Systems,Waco,TX,2015:1-17.