一种基于掩星测量的月球探测器自主天文导航方法
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摘要
针对月球探测器自主导航定位问题,研究了一种基于掩星测量的自主天文导航方法。利用星敏感器测量恒星被月球遮挡或从遮挡状态中再现的时刻,并将时间观测量转化为沿恒星星光方向上的距月心最低高度信息,结合月球探测器的动力学模型,建立了基于卡尔曼滤波的掩星观测自主天文导航算法。为实现对掩星现象的及时观测,推导了掩星现象预测算法。数学仿真结果表明,月球探测器掩星自主天文导航原理可行,定位精度优于百米量级。
A method by using star occultation is presented to fulfill the autonomous navigation for lunar probe. Firstly,the times,when stars suddenly appear or disappear without crossing the edge of the field of view,are measured by using a star sensor. Firstly,the times are transferred into the minimum distances between the moon center and the sight vectors from the probe to stars,then,state equations based on the moon probe'dynamics is established and measurement equations of autonomous navigtion by using star occultation is presented. In order to measure the star occultation information in time,the forcasting model of star occultation time is derived. Finally,the reference conclusions are obtained and analyzed according to the simulation results.
A method by using star occultation is presented to fulfill the autonomous navigation for lunar probe. Firstly,the times,when stars suddenly appear or disappear without crossing the edge of the field of view,are measured by using a star sensor. Firstly,the times are transferred into the minimum distances between the moon center and the sight vectors from the probe to stars,then,state equations based on the moon probe'dynamics is established and measurement equations of autonomous navigtion by using star occultation is presented. In order to measure the star occultation information in time,the forcasting model of star occultation time is derived. Finally,the reference conclusions are obtained and analyzed according to the simulation results.
引文
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[5]梁斌,王珏瑶,李成魏,等.多GNSS掩星大气探测卫星星座设计[J].宇航学报.2016,37(3):334-340.(Liang Bin,Wang Jueyao,Li Chengwei,et al.Design of Multi-GNSS Occultation Sounding Satellite Constellation,Journal of Astronautics,2016,37(3):334-340.)
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[2]GPS掩星[EB/OL].https://baike.baidu.com/item/GPS%E6%8E%A9%E6%98%9F/16604987.
[3]胡雄,曾桢,张训械,等.大气GPS掩星观测反演方法[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(4):768-774.(Hu Xiong,Zeng Zhen,Zhang Xunxie,et al.Atmospheric Inversion Methods of GPS Radio Occultation[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2005,48(4):768-774.)
[4]陈志平,罗佳,肖晓,等.COSMIC掩星反演的水汽廓线质量分析[J].国防科技大学学报,2017,39(3):201-206.(Chen Zhiping,Luo Jia,Xiao Xiao,et al.Assessment of COSMIC Radio Occultation Water Vapor Profile[J].Journal of National University of Defense Technology,2017,39(3):201-206.)
[5]梁斌,王珏瑶,李成魏,等.多GNSS掩星大气探测卫星星座设计[J].宇航学报.2016,37(3):334-340.(Liang Bin,Wang Jueyao,Li Chengwei,et al.Design of Multi-GNSS Occultation Sounding Satellite Constellation,Journal of Astronautics,2016,37(3):334-340.)
[6]Mark L.Psiaki and Joanna C.Hinks,Autonomous Lunar Orbit Determination Using Star Occultation Measurements[J],AIAA 2007-6657.
[7]Sun Hur-Diaz,Bill Bamford,Dave Gaylor.Autonomous Lunar Orbit Navigation Using Optical Sensors[J].AAS07-312.
[8]John A.Christian and E.Glenn Lightsey,Review of Options for Autonomous Cislunar Navigation[J].Journal of Spacecraft And Rockets.2009,46(5):1023-1039.
[9]Amin Ali Mody.Autonomous Navigation:Optical State Acquisition Systems For Lunar And Interplanetary Small Satellites[J].IAC-16-B4.8.4,2016,Mexcio.
[10]秦永元,张洪钺,汪书华.卡尔曼滤波与组合导航原理[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社,1998.