载人登月月面软着陆缓冲装置设计与分析
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摘要
文章介绍了一种载人登月着陆缓冲装置的设计原理,并对缓冲装置的构型和缓冲器的选择进行了分析;基于ADAMS软件建立了缓冲结构动力学模型,进行了多个工况的着陆冲击仿真计算,通过仿真分析验证了设计的合理性。结合设计和仿真分析结果,实现了载人登月月面着陆缓冲装置全尺寸原理样机的研制,该着陆缓冲装置的设计思想及经验可作为相关设计的参考。
A new lunar landing gear technology of human lunar landing is discussed in this paper. Firstly, the research situation and design principles of landing gear is introduced, and the choice of technical method is analyzed and compared. Secondly, the compositions of landing gear are analyzed. Finally, the landing gear is verified by landing impact simulation test. The dynamics simulation model is established by using ADAMS software to evaluate the buffer performances, and the physical description of the aluminum honeycomb is established by kinetic equation. The results prove the design rationality of landing gear. The full-scale principle prototype of landing gear for human lunar landing is established with the designing and simulation results. The design principles and experience of landing gear can be as a reference for related research area.
A new lunar landing gear technology of human lunar landing is discussed in this paper. Firstly, the research situation and design principles of landing gear is introduced, and the choice of technical method is analyzed and compared. Secondly, the compositions of landing gear are analyzed. Finally, the landing gear is verified by landing impact simulation test. The dynamics simulation model is established by using ADAMS software to evaluate the buffer performances, and the physical description of the aluminum honeycomb is established by kinetic equation. The results prove the design rationality of landing gear. The full-scale principle prototype of landing gear for human lunar landing is established with the designing and simulation results. The design principles and experience of landing gear can be as a reference for related research area.
引文
[1]陈金宝,聂宏,赵金才.月球探测器软着陆缓冲机构关键技术研究进展[J].宇航学报,2008,29(3):731-735.CHEN Jinbao,NIE Hong,ZHAO Jincai.Review of the Development of Soft-landing Buffer for Lunar Explorations[J].Journal of Astronautics,2008,29(3):731-735.(in Chinese)
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[8]沈祖炜.“阿波罗”登月舱最终下降及着陆综述[J].航天返回与遥感,2008,29(1):11-14.SHEN Zuwei.The Survey of Apollo LM during the Descent to the Lunar Surface[J].Spacecraft Recovery&Remote Sensing,2008,29(1):11-14.(in Chinese)
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[10]李萌,刘荣强,郭宏伟,等.腿式着陆器用不同拓扑结构金属蜂窝吸能特性优化设计[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(21):7-14.LI Meng,LIU Rongqiang,GUO Hongwei,et al.Crashworthiness Optimization of Different Topological Structures of Metal Honeycomb Used in a Legged-typed Lander[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2013,32(21):7-14.(in Chinese)
[11]曾福明,杨建中,满剑锋,等.月球着陆器着陆缓冲机构设计方法研究[J].航天器工程,2011,20(2):46-51.ZENG Fuming,YANG Jianzhong,MAN Jianfeng,et al.Study on Design Method of Landing Gear for Lunar Lander[J].Spccecraft Engineering,2011,20(2):46-51.(in Chinese)
[12]蒋万松,黄伟,沈祖炜,等.月球探测器软着陆动力学仿真[J].宇航学报,2011,32(3):462-469.JIANG Wansong,HUANG Wei,SHEN Zuwei,et al.Soft Landing Dynamics Simulation for Lunar Explorer[J].Journal of Astronautics,2011,32(3):462-469.(in Chinese)
[13]Scott R F.Apollo Program Soil Mechanics Experiment[R].NASA CR-144438,1975.
[14]Hinners N W.Lunar Soil Mechanics[R].NASA-CR-116588,1964.
[2]Otto O R,Laurenson R M,Melliere R A,et al.Analyses and Limited Evaluation of Payload and Legged Landing System Structures for the Survivable Soft Landing of Instrument Payloads[R].NASA CR-111919,1971.
[3]Thomas J K.Manned Lunar Lander Design the Project Apollo Lunar Module(LM)[R].AIAA92-1480,US:AIAA,1992.
[4]William F R.Apollo Experience Report-Lunar Module Landing Gear Subsystem[R].NASA TN D-6850,1972.
[5]Polsgrove T,Button R,Linne D.Altair Lunar Lander Consumables Management[C].AIAA Space 2009 Conference&Exposition,Pasadena,USA September 14-17,2009.
[6]Karcz J,Davis S M,Aftosmis M J.Red Dragon:Low-cost Access to the Surface of Mars using Commercial Capabilities[R].ARC-E-DAA-TN5262,2012.
[7]张蕊.国外新型可重复使用飞船特点分析和未来发展[J].国际太空,2010(12):31-38.ZHANG Rui.Characteristics Analysis and Future Development of Foreign New Type Reusable Spaceship[J].Space International,2010(12):31-38.(in Chinese)
[8]沈祖炜.“阿波罗”登月舱最终下降及着陆综述[J].航天返回与遥感,2008,29(1):11-14.SHEN Zuwei.The Survey of Apollo LM during the Descent to the Lunar Surface[J].Spacecraft Recovery&Remote Sensing,2008,29(1):11-14.(in Chinese)
[9]黄伟.“阿波罗”登月舱的软着陆支架[J].航天返回与遥感,2013,34(4):17-24.HUANG Wei.Apollo Lunar Module Landing Gear Subsystem[J].Spacecraft Recovery&Remote Sensing,2013,34(4):17-24.(in Chinese)
[10]李萌,刘荣强,郭宏伟,等.腿式着陆器用不同拓扑结构金属蜂窝吸能特性优化设计[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(21):7-14.LI Meng,LIU Rongqiang,GUO Hongwei,et al.Crashworthiness Optimization of Different Topological Structures of Metal Honeycomb Used in a Legged-typed Lander[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2013,32(21):7-14.(in Chinese)
[11]曾福明,杨建中,满剑锋,等.月球着陆器着陆缓冲机构设计方法研究[J].航天器工程,2011,20(2):46-51.ZENG Fuming,YANG Jianzhong,MAN Jianfeng,et al.Study on Design Method of Landing Gear for Lunar Lander[J].Spccecraft Engineering,2011,20(2):46-51.(in Chinese)
[12]蒋万松,黄伟,沈祖炜,等.月球探测器软着陆动力学仿真[J].宇航学报,2011,32(3):462-469.JIANG Wansong,HUANG Wei,SHEN Zuwei,et al.Soft Landing Dynamics Simulation for Lunar Explorer[J].Journal of Astronautics,2011,32(3):462-469.(in Chinese)
[13]Scott R F.Apollo Program Soil Mechanics Experiment[R].NASA CR-144438,1975.
[14]Hinners N W.Lunar Soil Mechanics[R].NASA-CR-116588,1964.