基于有向网络的双U型装配线平衡实验与分析
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摘要
针对产品的流水装配线组织设计和装配线平衡问题,提出有向网络新方法。在实验室现有直线型装配线上对产品(车模)进行产品结构分析,并对流水装配进行组织设计,获得了各工序时间和紧前关系,但产线平衡率不高。为提高生产效率,对产品的装配过程建立了数学模型。利用有向加权网络理论计算了模型中优先关系权重,实现了计算机程序计算,并用启发式算法对四驱车模型装配工序重新分配,设计双U型装配线。将U型装配线与现有直线型装配线进行了比较,平衡率提高了9.4%,验证了模型和算法的有效性和优越性,有向网络理论提高了运算效率,并为计算大型装配线平衡问题提供了新的方法。
A new method of directed weighted network is proposed to solve the problems of assembly line design and assembly line balancing.The structure of the product(car model)is analyzed on the existing linear assembly line in the laboratory,the assembly line is designed.The process time and preceded relationship between the tasks are obtained,and the line balance is not high.In order to improve the production efficiency,the mathematical model of the product assembly process is established.The weight of the priority relationship in the model is calculated using directed weighted network theory.The computer program is calculated and the assembly process of four wheel drive model is reconstructed by the heuristic algorithm.The U-shaped assembly line is compared with the existing linear assembly line,which shows that the balance rate is increased by 9.4%,thus verifying the superiority of the model and the algorithm.The weighted network theory improves the operation efficiency and provides a new method for calculation of the balance problem of large assembly line.
A new method of directed weighted network is proposed to solve the problems of assembly line design and assembly line balancing.The structure of the product(car model)is analyzed on the existing linear assembly line in the laboratory,the assembly line is designed.The process time and preceded relationship between the tasks are obtained,and the line balance is not high.In order to improve the production efficiency,the mathematical model of the product assembly process is established.The weight of the priority relationship in the model is calculated using directed weighted network theory.The computer program is calculated and the assembly process of four wheel drive model is reconstructed by the heuristic algorithm.The U-shaped assembly line is compared with the existing linear assembly line,which shows that the balance rate is increased by 9.4%,thus verifying the superiority of the model and the algorithm.The weighted network theory improves the operation efficiency and provides a new method for calculation of the balance problem of large assembly line.
引文
[1]陈荣秋,马士华.生产运作管理[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2009:17-115.
[2]宋华明,韩玉启.基于遗传算法的U型生产线平衡[J].系统工程报,2002,17(5):424-429.Song Hua-ming,Han Yu-qi.Balance of U-shaped production line based on genetic algorithm[J].Systems Engineering,2002,17(5):424-429.
[3]Salveson M E.The assembly line balancing problem[J].Journal of Industrial Engineering,1955,6(3):18-25.
[4]Jackson J R.A computing procedure for a line balancing problem[J].Management Science,1956,2(3):261-271.
[5]Ugur Ozcan,Hadi G9k9en,Bilal Toklu.Balancing parallel two-sided assembly lines[J].International Journal of Production Research,2010,48(16):4767-4784.
[6]Miltenburg G J,Wijingaard J.The U-line line balancing problem[J].Management Science,1994,40(10):1378-1388.
[7]Yegul M F,Agpak K,Yavuz M,et al.A new algorithm for U-shaped two-sided assembly line balancing[J].Transactions-Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering,2010,34(2):225-241.
[8]Mura M D,Dini G.Worker skills and equipment optimization in assembly line balancing by agenetic approach[J].Procedia Cirp,2016,44:102-107.
[9]Kucukkoc I,Zhang D Z.Balancing of parallel Ushaped assembly lines[J].Computers&Operations Research,2015,64(C):233-244.
[2]宋华明,韩玉启.基于遗传算法的U型生产线平衡[J].系统工程报,2002,17(5):424-429.Song Hua-ming,Han Yu-qi.Balance of U-shaped production line based on genetic algorithm[J].Systems Engineering,2002,17(5):424-429.
[3]Salveson M E.The assembly line balancing problem[J].Journal of Industrial Engineering,1955,6(3):18-25.
[4]Jackson J R.A computing procedure for a line balancing problem[J].Management Science,1956,2(3):261-271.
[5]Ugur Ozcan,Hadi G9k9en,Bilal Toklu.Balancing parallel two-sided assembly lines[J].International Journal of Production Research,2010,48(16):4767-4784.
[6]Miltenburg G J,Wijingaard J.The U-line line balancing problem[J].Management Science,1994,40(10):1378-1388.
[7]Yegul M F,Agpak K,Yavuz M,et al.A new algorithm for U-shaped two-sided assembly line balancing[J].Transactions-Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering,2010,34(2):225-241.
[8]Mura M D,Dini G.Worker skills and equipment optimization in assembly line balancing by agenetic approach[J].Procedia Cirp,2016,44:102-107.
[9]Kucukkoc I,Zhang D Z.Balancing of parallel Ushaped assembly lines[J].Computers&Operations Research,2015,64(C):233-244.