药食两用黄栀子果实有效成分及其与农艺性状的相关性
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摘要
为有效地开发利用黄栀子种质资源,加快育种进程,对黄栀子果实中的主要有效成分进行了测定与分析,并探讨了有效成分与农艺性状的相互关系。结果表明:供试的不同种类黄栀子果实均含有栀子酸、绿原酸、栀子苷以及藏红花素,但各成分的含量差异较大,其中栀子苷含量最高,平均可达10.44 mg/g,其次是藏红花素,为9.4 mg/g,绿原酸为1.74 mg/g,栀子酸含量最少,平均仅为1.15 mg/g;果实有效成分遗传多样性指数均大于1.0,但遗传力均比较小,表明供试的4种黄栀子品种果实有效成分遗传分化能力强,具有丰富的遗传多样性;叶片性状及冠幅与果实有效成分呈极显著正相关,果实表型性状及单株果数与果实有效成分也呈极显著正相关,且相关系数均高于0.8。
In order to effectively develop and utilize Gardenia jasminoides germplasm resources and accelerate the breeding process, the main active ingredients of G. jasminoides fruits were measured and analyzed, and the relationships among the active ingredients of fruits and agronomic characters were discussed. The results show that the tested fruits from different kinds of G. jasminoides were all contain gardenia acid, chlorogenic acids, geniposide and crocin, but the content of each ingredient was different, in which the content of geniposide was the highest, the average of which can reach 10.44 mg/g, the crocinwas 9.4 mg/g, the chlorogenic acid was 1.74 mg/g, and the content of gardenia acid was the least(1.15 mg/g). The genetic diversity index of the active ingredients of G. jasminoides fruits were greater than 1.0, but the genetic force values were relatively small, indicating that the active ingredients of the 4 species of G. jasminoides fruits in the experiments had strong genetic differentiation ability and rich genetic diversity. The leaf traits and the leaf character crown width were significant positive correlation with active ingredients of G. jasminoides fruits which had significant positive correlation with production apparent decision factor phenotypic traits and fruit number per plant, and the correlation coefficients were higher than 0.8.
In order to effectively develop and utilize Gardenia jasminoides germplasm resources and accelerate the breeding process, the main active ingredients of G. jasminoides fruits were measured and analyzed, and the relationships among the active ingredients of fruits and agronomic characters were discussed. The results show that the tested fruits from different kinds of G. jasminoides were all contain gardenia acid, chlorogenic acids, geniposide and crocin, but the content of each ingredient was different, in which the content of geniposide was the highest, the average of which can reach 10.44 mg/g, the crocinwas 9.4 mg/g, the chlorogenic acid was 1.74 mg/g, and the content of gardenia acid was the least(1.15 mg/g). The genetic diversity index of the active ingredients of G. jasminoides fruits were greater than 1.0, but the genetic force values were relatively small, indicating that the active ingredients of the 4 species of G. jasminoides fruits in the experiments had strong genetic differentiation ability and rich genetic diversity. The leaf traits and the leaf character crown width were significant positive correlation with active ingredients of G. jasminoides fruits which had significant positive correlation with production apparent decision factor phenotypic traits and fruit number per plant, and the correlation coefficients were higher than 0.8.
引文
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[34]郁香荷,章秋平,刘威生,等.中国李种质资源形态性状和农艺性状的遗传多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2011,12(3):402-407.
[35]左丝雨,乌云塔娜,朱绪春,等.濒危野生长柄扁桃叶片表型性状的多样性[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2015,35(11):61-68.
[36]何国振,周妹,汤丽云,等.不同成熟期栀子果实有效成分累积的研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2010,22(4):678-682.
[2]丁芳林,彭书练.黄栀子色素的提取及其稳定性的研究[J].湖南农业科学,2002(1):50-51.
[3]陈云萍.生根剂及基质处理对黄栀子扦插生根的影响[J].福建热作科技,2014,39(2):11-13.
[4]杨艳,汤玉喜,唐洁,等.黄栀子研究综述[J].绿色科技,2017(21):64-65.
[5]柴发喜.退耕还林与药用植物资源开发[J].经济林研究,2003,21(3):75-77.
[6]夏淑蓉.黄栀子不同栽培品种苗木及幼树结果状况分析[J].福建林业科技,2013,40(3):100-105.
[7]饶国才,何涣,邓章文.黄栀子丰产栽培与产业开发技术[J].经济林研究,2008,26(2):105-111.
[8]孔悦平.闽东地区黄栀子的人工栽培技术[J].林业科技开发,2005(6):42-44.
[9]税丕先,熊英,庄元春.栀子的GAP栽培方法[J].林业实用技术,2005(6):43-44.
[10]孔悦平,黄银.立地条件对黄栀子“分关1号”无性系的影响[J].中国农村科技,2007(11):23-24.
[11]夏淑蓉.黄栀子离体培养及无糖培养的研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2007.
[12]饶月辉,游党程.黄栀子扦插繁殖技术[J].农业科技通讯,2012(1):134-135.
[13]阙玉林.黄栀子扦插育苗及优质高产栽培技术[J].现代园艺,2010(7):18-19.
[14]孔悦平.黄栀子扦插育苗技术[J].林业科技开发,2003,17(3):55.
[15]沈莉.黄栀子栽培管理技术要点[J].四川农业科技, 2008(12):38.
[16]卓根.黄栀子的栽培管理要点[J].农技服务,2006(11):12-13.
[17]饶国才,何涣,邓章文.黄栀子丰产栽培与产业开发技术[J].经济林研究,2008,26(2):105-111.
[18]叶传财.黄栀子丰产栽培技术[J].福建农业,2011(11):20.
[19]谢立文.黄栀子育苗与丰产栽培[J].安徽林业,2008(4):39.
[20]王军荣.黄栀子无公害栽培技术[J].湖北林业科技,2007(5):68-71.
[21]吴可纲.分关1号黄栀子嫩枝扦插容器育苗研究[J].林业勘察设计,2017(2):87-90.
[22]王月英,刘海丰,谢海波.栀子中挥发油的提取和化学成分分析[J].内蒙古民族大学学报(自然科学版),2014,29(1):19-21.
[23]丁芳林,彭书练.黄栀子色素的提取及其稳定性的研究[J].湖南农业科学,2002(1):50-51.
[24]刘永,李彩瑜,黄惠敏,等.超声辅助提取黄栀子色素及热降解动力学[J].食品工业,2017(2):84-87.
[25]陈美珠,张秀春,陈为健,等.黄栀子花粉营养成分研究[J].聊城师院学报(自然科学版),2001,14(1):77-78.
[26]张继亮,孙海伟,杨德平,等.短枝型板栗品种(优系)性状分析与评价[J].经济林研究,2015,33(1):99-102.
[27]王旭军,张日清,许忠坤,等.红榉不同品种种子形态性状变异[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2015,35(1):1-7.
[28]孙殿生,赵志立,周乃建.春谷主要农艺性状相关遗传力分析[J].山西农业大学学报,1990,10(1):34-37.
[29]谢学建,张俊慧,马爱华.中药栀子研究进展[J].时珍国医国药,2000,11(10):943-945.
[30]孙小芬,陈雨,潘俊松,等.长春花主要农艺性状与文多灵含量的相关及通径分析[J].植物学报,2010,44(1):96-102.
[31]廖凯,吴卫,郑有良,等.青蒿主要农艺性状与单株产量和青蒿素含量及总量间相关分析[J].中国中药杂志,2009, 34(17):5-10.
[32]车新,杨艳,李志辉,等.湖南省白檀农艺性状多样性及相关性研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(4):27-32.
[33]李梦.木兰科几种常用绿化树种光合特性及固碳能力研究[D].临安:浙江农林大学,2014.
[34]郁香荷,章秋平,刘威生,等.中国李种质资源形态性状和农艺性状的遗传多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2011,12(3):402-407.
[35]左丝雨,乌云塔娜,朱绪春,等.濒危野生长柄扁桃叶片表型性状的多样性[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2015,35(11):61-68.
[36]何国振,周妹,汤丽云,等.不同成熟期栀子果实有效成分累积的研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2010,22(4):678-682.