镁合金壳体内部缺陷的精确超声定量方法
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摘要
利用基尔霍夫近似法建立镁合金壳体内部缺陷的超声测量模型,并利用该测量模型对缺陷回波幅值进行数值计算,获得缺陷波/底波幅值比曲线。在此基础上,建立基于幅值比曲线的缺陷检测理论模型,并对缺陷进行定量检测分析。采用搭建的超声检测实验系统,对含有人工缺陷的镁合金壳体进行缺陷检测试验。结果表明:相比于传统距离增益尺寸曲线定量方法,本实验方法在缺陷定量检测精度和有效检测深度范围上均有较大提高,从而为提升镁合金壳体内部缺陷的定量检测水平提供新的方法和技术途径。
The model of ultrasonic measurement for defects in magnesium alloy shell was established by using Kirchhoff approximation,and then the numerical calculation on the echo amplitude of defects was conducted by the measurement model,and the defect wave/bottom wave amplitude ratio curve was drawn.On this basis,the defects quantitative evaluation model was presented according to the amplitude ratio curve for defects quantitative evaluation.The magnesium alloy shell containing artificial defects was analyzed by using the ultrasonic quantitative evaluation model.The result shows that,compared with the traditional distance gain size(DGS)curve of quantitative methods,the effective range and accuracy of defects quantitative evaluation are improved by this method.This method provides a new and effective tool to improve the performance of quantitative evaluation on the defects in magnesium alloy shells.
The model of ultrasonic measurement for defects in magnesium alloy shell was established by using Kirchhoff approximation,and then the numerical calculation on the echo amplitude of defects was conducted by the measurement model,and the defect wave/bottom wave amplitude ratio curve was drawn.On this basis,the defects quantitative evaluation model was presented according to the amplitude ratio curve for defects quantitative evaluation.The magnesium alloy shell containing artificial defects was analyzed by using the ultrasonic quantitative evaluation model.The result shows that,compared with the traditional distance gain size(DGS)curve of quantitative methods,the effective range and accuracy of defects quantitative evaluation are improved by this method.This method provides a new and effective tool to improve the performance of quantitative evaluation on the defects in magnesium alloy shells.
引文
[1]任国成,赵国群,徐淑波,王桂青.AZ31镁合金等通道转角挤压变形均匀性有限元分析[J].中国有色金属学报,2011,21(4):848-855.REN Guo-cheng,ZHAO Guo-qun,XU Shu-bo,WANG Gui-qing.Finite element analysis of homogeneous deformation of AZ31 magnesium during equal channel angular pressing process[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2011,21(4):848-855.
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[19]李雄兵,杨岳,胡宏伟,倪培君,阳程.面向超声检测的曲面自动测量[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,41(1):194-200.LI Xiong-bing,YANG Yue,HU Hong-wei,NI Pei-jun,YANG Cheng.Complex surface automatic measurement for ultrasonic inspection[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2010,41(1):194-200.
[20]李雄兵.曲面工件自动超声检测中若干关键问题的研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2008.LI Xiong-bing.Study on key problems of automated ultrasonic inspection for complex surface parts[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2008.
[21]侯文科.纵波探伤实用AVG曲线的计算、制作和使用[J].无损检测,1998(1):44-46.HOU Wen-ke.Calculation,production and use of practical AVG curve in L-wave testing[J].Nondestructive Testing,1998(1):44-46.
[22]赵友杉,苑家琪,刘畅.通用AVG曲线误差的研究[J].无损探伤,2009,33(2):22-25.ZHAO You-shan,YUAN Jia-qi,LIU Chang.Research on the error of general AVG curve[J].Nondestructive Test,2009,33(2):22-25.
[2]李新凯,张治民,赵亚丽.变形镁合金的研究现状及前景[J].热加工工艺,2011,40(24):54-55.LI Xin-kai,ZHANG Zhi-min,ZHAO Ya-li.Research and future development of wrought magnesium alloy[J].Material&Heat Treatment,2011,40(24):54-55.
[3]PRZONDZIONO J,HADASIK E,WALKE W,SZALA J.Resistance to electrochemical corrosion of extruded magnesium alloy AZ31[J].Solid State Phenomena,2015,227:35-38.
[4]余琨,黎文献,王日初,马正青.变形镁合金的研究、开发及应用[J].中国有色金属学报,2003,13(2):277-288.YU Kun,LI Wen-xian,WANG Ri-chu,MA Zheng-qing.Research,development and application of wrought magnesium alloys[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2003,13(2):277-288.
[5]席俊杰,刘杰.高性能稀土镁合金的研究及其应用[J].热加工工艺,2014,43(10):6-10.XI Jun-jie,LIU Jie.Research and application of high performance rare earth magnesium alloy[J].Material&Heat Treatment,2014,43(10):6-10.
[6]杨合,李落星,王渠东,郭良刚.轻合金成形领域科学技术发展研究[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(12):31-42.YANG He,LI Luo-xing,WANG Qu-dong,GUO Liang-gang.Research on the development of advanced forming for lightweight alloy materials area[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2010,46(12):31-42.
[7]梁佳佳,李雄兵,倪培君,吕铎.镁合金壳体的超声相控阵检测方法[J].兵器材料科学与工程,2014,37(4):108-111.LIANG Jia-jia,LI Xiong-bing,NI Pei-jun,LüDuo.An ultrasonic phased array testing method for magnesium alloy case[J].Ordnance Material Science and Engineering,2014,37(4):108-111.
[8]LEE J R,TAKATSUBO J,TOYAMA N,KANG D H.Health monitoring of complex curved structures using an ultrasonic wave field propagation imaging system[J].Measurement Science and Technology,2007,18(12):3816-3825.
[9]胡宏伟,彭凌兴,周正干,李雄兵,孙广开.曲面构件水浸超声检测缺陷定量研究[J].航空学报,2014,35(11):3166-3173.HU Hong-wei,PENG Ling-xing,ZHOU Zheng-gan,LI Xiong-bing,SUN Guang-kai.Quantitative research on defect of curved components with immersion ultrasonic testing[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2014,35(11):3166-3173.
[10]张杨,周晓军,杨辰龙,李雄兵,郑慧峰.变厚度曲面构件超声检测灵敏度补偿[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2013,47(1):116-121.ZHANG Yang,ZHOU Xiao-jun,YANG Chen-long,LI Xiong-bing,ZHENG Hui-feng.Sensitivity compensation method in ultrasonic inspection curved components with variable thickness[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2013,47(1):116-121.
[11]SCHMERR L W,SONG S J,SEDOV A.Ultrasonic flaw sizing inverse problems[J].Inverse Problems,2002,18(6):1775-1793.
[12]聂勇,李晓梅,许远欢.核设备不锈钢堆焊层下裂纹超声波检测技术[J].无损检测,2011,33(7):25-28.NIE Yong,LI Xiao-mei,XU Yuan-huan.Ultrasonic examination research of cracks under stainless steel cladding for nuclear components[J].Nondestructive Testing,2011,33(7):25-28.
[13]周路生,张晓源,吴明明,顾清.AVG曲线的应用[J].无损检测,2010,32(3):225-226,229.ZHOU Lu-sheng,ZHANG Xiao-yuan,WU Ming-ming,GU Qing.The application of AVG curve[J].Nondestructive Testing,2010,32(3):225-226,229.
[14]SCHMERR L W,SONG S J.Ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation systems-models and measurement[M].America:Springer,2007.
[15]KIM H J,SONG S J,KIM Y H.Quantitative approaches to flaw sizing based-on ultrasonic testing model[C]//Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestractive Evaluation.New York:AIP Conference Proceedings,2003:703-710.
[16]DARMON M,CALMON P,BELE B.An integrated model to simulate the scattering of ultrasounds by inclusions in steels[J].Ultrasonics,2004,42(1/9):237-241.
[17]JEONG H,SCHMERR L W.Ultrasonic transducer fields modeled with a modular multi-Gaussian beam and application to a contact angle beam testing[J].Research in Nondestructive Evaluation,2008,19(2):87-103.
[18]KIM H J,SONG S J,SCHMERR L W.Modeling ultrasonic pulse-echo signals from a flat-bottom hole in immersion testing using a multi-Gaussian beam[J].Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation,2004,23(1):11-19.
[19]李雄兵,杨岳,胡宏伟,倪培君,阳程.面向超声检测的曲面自动测量[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,41(1):194-200.LI Xiong-bing,YANG Yue,HU Hong-wei,NI Pei-jun,YANG Cheng.Complex surface automatic measurement for ultrasonic inspection[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2010,41(1):194-200.
[20]李雄兵.曲面工件自动超声检测中若干关键问题的研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2008.LI Xiong-bing.Study on key problems of automated ultrasonic inspection for complex surface parts[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2008.
[21]侯文科.纵波探伤实用AVG曲线的计算、制作和使用[J].无损检测,1998(1):44-46.HOU Wen-ke.Calculation,production and use of practical AVG curve in L-wave testing[J].Nondestructive Testing,1998(1):44-46.
[22]赵友杉,苑家琪,刘畅.通用AVG曲线误差的研究[J].无损探伤,2009,33(2):22-25.ZHAO You-shan,YUAN Jia-qi,LIU Chang.Research on the error of general AVG curve[J].Nondestructive Test,2009,33(2):22-25.