无机有机复合材料对重金属污染土壤的修复效应
|
摘要
选用多硫化钙、生物炭与有机肥组成无机有机复合材料对铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、锌(Zn)污染土壤进行快速钝化实验研究。对修复后Pb,Cd,Zn生物有效态含量、土壤pH值以及钝化处理前后土壤中重金属各赋存形态的变化进行分析。结果显示,不同钝化处理后,有效态Pb,Cd,Zn的质量比降幅分别为9.7%～87.6%,21.0%～71.8%和45.1%～98.8%。无机材料和无机有机复合材料可显著提高土壤pH值。分级提取实验显示,不同钝化处理后土壤中3种重金属的可交换态均不同程度转化为稳定性更好的其他形态,且复合材料的钝化效果要优于单一材料。因此,多硫化钙、生物炭与有机肥组成的复合材料是一种有效的重金属修复材料。
The Pb, Cd and Zn were immobilized by using calcium polysulfide, biochar and organic fertilizer mixed amendments. Bioavailable fraction, soil p H and chemical fractionations of Pb, Cd and Zn were measured. Results showed that bioavailable fraction of three heavy metals decreased significantly after different immobilization, which was 9.7% ～ 87.6%,21.0% ～ 71.8% and 45.1% ～ 98.8%, respectively. The pH of Pb, Cd and Zn Contaminated soil increased by addition inorganicorganic amendments. The results of Tessier sequential extraction showed that the exchangeable fraction of heavy metals were transformed into other fractions, and the immobilization effect of heavy metal by using Inorganic-organic amendments is better than single amendment. Therefore, the inorganic-organic material composed of calcium polysulfide, biochar and organic fertilizer can be use as amendment heavy metal contaminated soil.
The Pb, Cd and Zn were immobilized by using calcium polysulfide, biochar and organic fertilizer mixed amendments. Bioavailable fraction, soil p H and chemical fractionations of Pb, Cd and Zn were measured. Results showed that bioavailable fraction of three heavy metals decreased significantly after different immobilization, which was 9.7% ～ 87.6%,21.0% ～ 71.8% and 45.1% ～ 98.8%, respectively. The pH of Pb, Cd and Zn Contaminated soil increased by addition inorganicorganic amendments. The results of Tessier sequential extraction showed that the exchangeable fraction of heavy metals were transformed into other fractions, and the immobilization effect of heavy metal by using Inorganic-organic amendments is better than single amendment. Therefore, the inorganic-organic material composed of calcium polysulfide, biochar and organic fertilizer can be use as amendment heavy metal contaminated soil.
引文
[1]李光超.我国土壤污染现状与修复技术综述[J].农业与技术,2015(18):3-3.
[2]环境保护部,国土资源部.全国土壤污染状况调查公报[J].中国环保产业,2014,36(5):10-11.
[3]李剑睿,徐应明,林大松,等.农田重金属污染原位钝化修复研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2014(4):721-728.
[4] SINGH A, PRASAD S. Remediation of heavy metal contaminated ecosystem:An overview on technology advancement[J]. International journal of environmental science and technology,2015,12(1):353-366.
[5]金一凡,周连杰,杰克,等.污染土壤修复技术的探讨[J].环境科技, 2012, 25(5):68-72.
[6]张乃明,包立,王宏镔,等.重金属污染土壤修复理论与实践[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 2017.
[7]刘文华,李媛媛,赵秋香,等.珠三角农用地土壤重金属污染治理修复研究实践与展望[J].环境科技, 2014,27(6):32-37.
[8]马荣辉,王华云,孙芳芳,等.土壤钝化剂对黑土中铜的原位固定作用[J].水土保持学报,2012, 26(4):226-230.
[9] MENG Jun, LIANG Si-jie, TAO Meng-ming, et al. Chemical speciation and risk assessment of Cu and Zn in biochars derived from co-pyrolysis of pig manure with rice straw[J]. Chemosphere,2018, 200:344-350.
[10]周敏.干旱区绿洲土中pH值的测定[J].科技展望,2015,25(29):68.
[11]陈红卫,张重路,王一山,等.生物质炭对重金属污染土壤中汞的赋存形态及运移分配的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(8):312-315.
[12] MARTIN-BETANCORK,RODEA-PALOMARES I, MUNOZMARTIN M A, et al. Construction of a self-luminescent cyanobacterial bioreporter that detects a broad range of bioavailable heavy metals in aquatic environments[J]. Frontiers in microbiology, 2015, 6:186.
[13]周斌.镉污染稻田原位钝化的修复效应及其对土壤微生物学特征的影响[D].北京:中国科学院大学, 2012.
[14]王期凯,郭文娟,孙国红,等.生物炭与肥料复配对土壤重金属镉污染钝化修复效应[J].农业资源与环境学报,2015,32(6):583-589.
[15]殷飞,王海娟,李燕燕,等.不同钝化剂对重金属复合污染土壤的修复效应研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(3):438-448.
[16]刘旭东,张润花,李志国,等.生物炭对设施栽培土壤重金属Cd形态变化的影响[J].中国农学通报, 2016,32(15):125-129.
[17]白永琼.有机肥培肥十壤机理研究新进展[J].吉林农业,2013(3):70-71.
[18] ZHAO Shu-hua, CHEN Zhi-liang, ZHANG Tai-ping, et al.Effects of stabilization treatment on migration and transformation of heavy metals in mineral waste residues[J]. Environmental science, 2014, 35(4):1 548-1 554.
[19]刘冲,李虎,赵一莎,等.城市污泥对Cd在黄土中的形态分布及再分配的影响[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(10):3 218-3 224.
[20] WANG X J, CHEN L, XIA S Q, et al. Speciation of heavy metals in sewage sludge co-composted with sodium sulfide and lime[J]. Journal of environmental sciences, 2008, 20:156-160.
[2]环境保护部,国土资源部.全国土壤污染状况调查公报[J].中国环保产业,2014,36(5):10-11.
[3]李剑睿,徐应明,林大松,等.农田重金属污染原位钝化修复研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2014(4):721-728.
[4] SINGH A, PRASAD S. Remediation of heavy metal contaminated ecosystem:An overview on technology advancement[J]. International journal of environmental science and technology,2015,12(1):353-366.
[5]金一凡,周连杰,杰克,等.污染土壤修复技术的探讨[J].环境科技, 2012, 25(5):68-72.
[6]张乃明,包立,王宏镔,等.重金属污染土壤修复理论与实践[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 2017.
[7]刘文华,李媛媛,赵秋香,等.珠三角农用地土壤重金属污染治理修复研究实践与展望[J].环境科技, 2014,27(6):32-37.
[8]马荣辉,王华云,孙芳芳,等.土壤钝化剂对黑土中铜的原位固定作用[J].水土保持学报,2012, 26(4):226-230.
[9] MENG Jun, LIANG Si-jie, TAO Meng-ming, et al. Chemical speciation and risk assessment of Cu and Zn in biochars derived from co-pyrolysis of pig manure with rice straw[J]. Chemosphere,2018, 200:344-350.
[10]周敏.干旱区绿洲土中pH值的测定[J].科技展望,2015,25(29):68.
[11]陈红卫,张重路,王一山,等.生物质炭对重金属污染土壤中汞的赋存形态及运移分配的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(8):312-315.
[12] MARTIN-BETANCORK,RODEA-PALOMARES I, MUNOZMARTIN M A, et al. Construction of a self-luminescent cyanobacterial bioreporter that detects a broad range of bioavailable heavy metals in aquatic environments[J]. Frontiers in microbiology, 2015, 6:186.
[13]周斌.镉污染稻田原位钝化的修复效应及其对土壤微生物学特征的影响[D].北京:中国科学院大学, 2012.
[14]王期凯,郭文娟,孙国红,等.生物炭与肥料复配对土壤重金属镉污染钝化修复效应[J].农业资源与环境学报,2015,32(6):583-589.
[15]殷飞,王海娟,李燕燕,等.不同钝化剂对重金属复合污染土壤的修复效应研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(3):438-448.
[16]刘旭东,张润花,李志国,等.生物炭对设施栽培土壤重金属Cd形态变化的影响[J].中国农学通报, 2016,32(15):125-129.
[17]白永琼.有机肥培肥十壤机理研究新进展[J].吉林农业,2013(3):70-71.
[18] ZHAO Shu-hua, CHEN Zhi-liang, ZHANG Tai-ping, et al.Effects of stabilization treatment on migration and transformation of heavy metals in mineral waste residues[J]. Environmental science, 2014, 35(4):1 548-1 554.
[19]刘冲,李虎,赵一莎,等.城市污泥对Cd在黄土中的形态分布及再分配的影响[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(10):3 218-3 224.
[20] WANG X J, CHEN L, XIA S Q, et al. Speciation of heavy metals in sewage sludge co-composted with sodium sulfide and lime[J]. Journal of environmental sciences, 2008, 20:156-160.