8周有氧水上划艇训练对赛艇运动员某些儿茶酚胺和心率变异性指标的影响
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摘要
目的:探讨有氧渐增负荷量水上划艇训练对赛艇运动员某些血液儿茶酚胺和心率变异性指标的影响。方法:对8名男子公开级赛艇运动员进行持续8周的中等强度有氧渐增负荷量水上划艇训练,运动员每周一至周五上下午和周六上午进行训练,此后至周末恢复休息,每个半天训练120 min,第一周的水上划艇负荷量为180 km,此后每周递增5 km。运动员在训练前1周、训练第4周以及训练第8周结束后的次周一清晨6:00进行安静状态下短时程5 min的心率变异性测试,并在心率变异性测试结束即刻进行安静状态下的肘静脉血采集,用于儿茶酚胺指标的检测。结果:与训练前相比,运动员经过有氧渐增负荷量水上划艇训练第4周和第8周后,血浆儿茶酚胺E、NE和DA水平均显著性降低(P<0.05);恢复期心率变异性TP、HF和LF水平,在训练第4周时有所降低,在训练第8周时有所升高,而VLF则在训练第4周和第8周时均有所降低,但这些变化没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:运动员经过8周的有氧渐增负荷量水上划艇训练后,运动员安静下迷走神经系统对心血管系统的调节作用得到增强,交感迷走神经的综合调节作用得到提高,自主神经系统的功能状况得到改善。
引文
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[13]Dreifus L.Heart rate variability for risk stratification of life threatening Arrhythmias[J].J Ame Coll of Cardiol,1993,22(3):948-950.
[14]de Freitas VH,Pereira LA,De Souza EA,et al.Sensitivity of the yo-yo intermittent recovery test and cardiac autonomic responses to training in futsal players[J].Int JSports Physiol Perform,2015,10(5):553-558.
[15]Niederer D,Vogt L,Thiel C,et al.Exercise effects on HRV in cancer patients[J].Int J Sports Med,2013,34(1):68-73.
[16]郭峰.长期练习太极拳对老年人自主神经系统调节功能的影响[J].中国应用生理学杂志,2015,31(2):158-163.
[17]Plews DJ,Laursen PB,Stanley J,et al.Training adaptation and heart rate variability in elite endurance athletes:opening the door to effective monitoring[J].Sports Med,2013,43(9):773-781.
[2]Lee CM,Wood RH,Welsch MA.Influence of short term endurance exercise training on heart rate variability[J].Med Sci Sport Exerc,2003,35(6):961-969.
[3]张三林,卫世强,倪军,等.应激对新老兵儿茶酚胺、血糖、乳酸的影响及中西药的干预作用[J].人民军医,2004,47(5):251-253.
[4]Zouhal H,Rannou F,Gratas-Delamarche A,et al.Adrenal medulla responsiveness to the sympathetic nervous activity in sprinters and untrained subjects during a supramaximal exercise[J].Int J Sports,Med,1998,19(3):172-176.
[5]Grechuha SV,Kalenichenko OV,Kovalenko SO.The application of additional respiration resistance on exhale for increasing special endurance of highly qualified rowers[J].Pedag,Psychol,Med-Biol Probl Phys Tra Sports,2012,4(1):29-35.
[6]Sawka MN,Noakes TD.Does dehydration impair exercise performance[J]?Med Sci Sports Exerc,2007,39(8):1209-1217.
[7]Chinkin AS.Skiers urinary catechoamines excertion at rest and by competitive load length variety[J].Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova,2015,101(11):1324-1330.
[8]马涛.心率变异性对优秀男子赛艇运动员赛前不同训练阶段身体机能状态监控的研究[D].上海:上海体育学院,2017.
[9]朱欢,李国政,高炳宏.6周高原训练对优秀男子赛艇运动员外周血儿茶酚胺水平的影响[J].中国应用生理学杂志,2018,34(4):333-335.
[10]Sellami M,Abderrahman AB,Casazza GA,et al.Effect of age and combined sprint and strength training on plasma catecholamine responses to a Wingate-test[J].Eur JAppl Physiol,2014,114(5):969-982.
[11]Katayama K,Ishida K,Saito M,et al.Enhanced muscle pump during mild dynamic leg exercise inhibits sympathetic vasomotor outflow[J].Physiol Rep,2014,2(7):e12070.
[12]Malliani A,Pagani M,Lombardi F,et al.Cardiovascular neural regulation explored in the frequency domain[J].Circulation,1991,84(2):482-492.
[13]Dreifus L.Heart rate variability for risk stratification of life threatening Arrhythmias[J].J Ame Coll of Cardiol,1993,22(3):948-950.
[14]de Freitas VH,Pereira LA,De Souza EA,et al.Sensitivity of the yo-yo intermittent recovery test and cardiac autonomic responses to training in futsal players[J].Int JSports Physiol Perform,2015,10(5):553-558.
[15]Niederer D,Vogt L,Thiel C,et al.Exercise effects on HRV in cancer patients[J].Int J Sports Med,2013,34(1):68-73.
[16]郭峰.长期练习太极拳对老年人自主神经系统调节功能的影响[J].中国应用生理学杂志,2015,31(2):158-163.
[17]Plews DJ,Laursen PB,Stanley J,et al.Training adaptation and heart rate variability in elite endurance athletes:opening the door to effective monitoring[J].Sports Med,2013,43(9):773-781.