煤层气U型水平井定向井远端连通钻井工艺研究
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摘要
针对煤层气U型水平井与定向井远端连通工艺不完善、对接难度大、煤层洞穴坍塌等难题,开展了钻井工艺研究。在P15试验井组中,采用镶嵌暂堵钻井液、地质导向控制等关键技术钻井,并创新使用外管屏蔽、内管作业的屏蔽洞穴技术处理洞穴。实践表明,这一系列技术可以保障水平井与定向井远端连通,但洞穴内作业需提前建立屏蔽,P15井组完成水平段进尺724 m,煤层进尺668 m,煤层钻遇率92.3%,水平井在1 242.5 m处与定向井成功实现一次远端连通,屏蔽洞穴技术建立了捞砂作业和后期排采的新通道,完成了洞穴捞砂,解决了煤层气井洞穴坍塌的技术难题,完善了煤层气水平井定向井连通工艺,为煤层气的低成本高效开发提供了新途径。
To solve the problems of the imperfect technology of remote connection between coalbed methane( CBM) U-shaped horizontal well with directional well,the difficulty during butting construction,the collapse of caves in coal seam and so on,new drilling technology is explored. Key technologies,such as mosaic temporary plugging drilling fluid and geo-steering drilling,combined with new cave shielding technology which uses outer pipe to shield the cave and operates in inner pipe,were adopted in the drilling of P15 test wells. It shows that the adopted series of technologies can ensure the remote connection,provided that the shielding in cave is set up in advance. In P15 test wells,the horizontal drilling footage of 724 m was completed among which 668 m are in coal seam. So,the drilling rate of coal seam is 92.3%. In addition,the horizontal well was connected successfully at 1 242.5 m on the first try. At the same time,the cave shielding creates a new passage for sand fishing and the later drainage,and the problem of cave collapse in CBM wells can be solved. The present research improves the technology of connecting CBM horizontal well with directional well,and provides a new way for development of CBM with low cost and high benefit.
To solve the problems of the imperfect technology of remote connection between coalbed methane( CBM) U-shaped horizontal well with directional well,the difficulty during butting construction,the collapse of caves in coal seam and so on,new drilling technology is explored. Key technologies,such as mosaic temporary plugging drilling fluid and geo-steering drilling,combined with new cave shielding technology which uses outer pipe to shield the cave and operates in inner pipe,were adopted in the drilling of P15 test wells. It shows that the adopted series of technologies can ensure the remote connection,provided that the shielding in cave is set up in advance. In P15 test wells,the horizontal drilling footage of 724 m was completed among which 668 m are in coal seam. So,the drilling rate of coal seam is 92.3%. In addition,the horizontal well was connected successfully at 1 242.5 m on the first try. At the same time,the cave shielding creates a new passage for sand fishing and the later drainage,and the problem of cave collapse in CBM wells can be solved. The present research improves the technology of connecting CBM horizontal well with directional well,and provides a new way for development of CBM with low cost and high benefit.
引文
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[19]王彦祺.和顺区块煤层气远端连通水平井钻井关键技术研究[J].中国煤层气,2010,7(1):18-21.WANG Yanqi.Research on CBM remote horizontal connected drilling key technology in Heshun Block[J].China Coalbed Methane,2010,7(1):18-21.
[20]刘亚军,陈旭.沁水盆地南部煤层气U型井钻井技术及应用[J].长江大学学报:自然科学版,2013,10(14):43-46.LIU Yajun,CHEN Xu.Drilling technology and application of the coalbed methane U-shape well in the Southern Qinshui Basin[J].Journal of Yangtze University:Natural and Science Edition,2013,10(14):43-46.
[21]孙佃金,孙蕾.地质导向技术在煤层气水平井施工中的应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2014,43(2):106-108.SUN Dianjin,SUN Lei.Application of geo-steering technology in construction of CBM horizontal well[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2014,43(2):106-108.
[22]乔磊,孟国营,范迅.煤层气水平井连通井组轨道设计与控制方法[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(2):284-287.QIAO Lei,MENG Guoying,FAN Xun.Design and control methods of remote intersection wells for development of coalbed methane[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(2):284-287.
[2]叶建平,陆小霞.我国煤层气产业发展现状和技术进展[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(1):24-28,46.YE Jianping,LU Xiaoxia.Development status and technical progress of China coalbed methane industry[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(1):24-28,46.
[3]张遂安,袁玉,孟凡圆.我国煤层气开发技术进展[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(5):1-5.ZHANG Suian,YUAN Yu,MENG Fanyuan.Progress on coalbed methane development technology in China[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(5):1-5.
[4]罗平亚.关于大幅度提高我国煤层气井单井产量的探讨[J].天然气工业,2013,33(6):1-6.LUO Pingya.A discussion on how to significantly improve the single-well productivity of CBM gas wells in China[J].Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(6):1-6.
[5]丰庆泰,李平.煤层气水平对接井钻井技术研究[J].中国煤层气,2012,9(4):12-16.FENG Qingtai,LI Ping.Study on techniques for drilling CBM SIS[J].China Coalbed Methane,2012,9(4):12-16.
[6]接铭训,葛晓丹,彭朝阳,等.中国煤层气勘探开发工程技术进展与发展方向[J].天然气工业,2011,31(12):63-65.JIE Mingxun,GE Xiaodan,PENG Chaoyang,et al.Advances in the CBM exploration and development techniques and their developing trend in China[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(12):63-65.
[7]牟全斌,韩保山,张培河,等.潘庄地区煤层气U型水平井技术工艺研究[J].中国煤炭地质,2014,26(11):53-56.MOU Quanbin,HAN Baoshan,ZHANG Peihe,et al.Research on U-shaped horizontal CBM well technologies used in the Panzhuang Area[J].Coal Geology of China,2014,26(11):53-56.
[8]张洪,何爱国,杨凤斌,等.“U”型井开发煤层气适应性研究[J].中外能源,2011,16(12):33-36.ZHANG Hong,HE Aiguo,YANG Fengbin,et al.Study on the adaptability of the U-shape wells on developing the coalbed methane[J].Sino-global Energy,2011,16(12):33-36.
[9]鲜保安,夏柏如,张义,等.煤层气U型井钻井采气技术研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2010,32(4):91-95.XIAN Baoan,XIA Bairu,ZHANG Yi,et al.Study on drilling and extraction technologies for U-shape CBM wells[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2010,32(4):91-95.
[10]胡安.煤层气水平井与定向井连通技术研究与应用[D].北京:中国石油大学(北京),2013:10-46.
[11]王自明,毕泗义,闫丰明,等.煤层气分支水平井与定向井连通钻井技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2011,33(5):1-3.WANG Zimin,BI Siyi,YAN Fengming,et al.Drilling technique for coalbed methane multi-lateral horizontal well intersection with directional well[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2011,33(5):1-3.
[12]孟尚志,郭本广,赵军,等.柳林地区多煤层多分支水平井斜井连通工艺[J].石油钻采工艺,2014,36(6):28-31.MENG Shangzhi,GUO Benguang,ZHAO Jun,et al.Research on inclined wells connecting technology of multi-coalbed and multiple branches horizontal wells in Liulin District[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2014,36(6):28-31.
[13]王栋,赵虎,乔宏实,等.樊试U1井组远端连通关键技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(4):23-26.WANG Dong,ZHAO Hu,QIAO Hongshi,et al.Key techniques for far connection of Fan U1 test well group U-shaped well-Fanshi U1 well group[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2015,37(4):23-26.
[14]席宝滨,高德利.U型水平井连通过程中的相对位置不确定性分析[J].石油钻探技术,2014,12(6):18-24.XI Baobin,GAO Deli.Analysis of the relative position uncertainty in the intersecting process of U-shaped horizontal wells[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2014,12(6):18-24.
[15]谭天宇,蒋海涛,李浩,等.煤层气水平井与斜井连通技术应用[J].油气井测试,2016,25(5):35-37.TAN Tianyu,JIANG Haitao,LI Hao,et al.Application of connectivity technique for CBM horizontal or deviated well[J].Well Testing,2016,25(5):35-37.
[16]黄维安,邱正松,杨力,等.煤层气钻井井壁失稳机理及防塌钻井液技术[J].煤田地质与勘探,2013,41(2):37-41.HUANG Weian,QIU Zhengsong,YANG Li,et al.Instability mechanism of sidewall and anti-sloughing drilling fluid technique for coalbed methane well drilling[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2013,41(2):37-41.
[17]张振华,孙晗森,乔伟刚.煤层气储层特征及钻井液选择[J].中国煤层气,2011,8(2):24-27.ZHANG Zhenhua,SUN Hansen,QIAO Weigang.Characteristics of CBM reservoir and drilling fluid technology[J].China Coalbed Methane,2011,8(2):24-27.
[18]万继方,申瑞臣,陈添,等.煤层气井造洞穴技术特点分析[J].重庆科技学院学报:自然科学版,2015,17(2):73-75.WAN Jifang,SHEN Ruichen,CHEN Tian,et al.Analysis of building cavity technology of CBM completion[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Technology:Natural and Science Edition,2015,17(2):73-75.
[19]王彦祺.和顺区块煤层气远端连通水平井钻井关键技术研究[J].中国煤层气,2010,7(1):18-21.WANG Yanqi.Research on CBM remote horizontal connected drilling key technology in Heshun Block[J].China Coalbed Methane,2010,7(1):18-21.
[20]刘亚军,陈旭.沁水盆地南部煤层气U型井钻井技术及应用[J].长江大学学报:自然科学版,2013,10(14):43-46.LIU Yajun,CHEN Xu.Drilling technology and application of the coalbed methane U-shape well in the Southern Qinshui Basin[J].Journal of Yangtze University:Natural and Science Edition,2013,10(14):43-46.
[21]孙佃金,孙蕾.地质导向技术在煤层气水平井施工中的应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2014,43(2):106-108.SUN Dianjin,SUN Lei.Application of geo-steering technology in construction of CBM horizontal well[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2014,43(2):106-108.
[22]乔磊,孟国营,范迅.煤层气水平井连通井组轨道设计与控制方法[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(2):284-287.QIAO Lei,MENG Guoying,FAN Xun.Design and control methods of remote intersection wells for development of coalbed methane[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(2):284-287.