跨地域流动视阈下朝鲜族女性老年人照料服务需求及困境
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摘要
"孝"文化是中国朝鲜族社会生活的重要内容。但是全球化以来长期承担无偿家庭照顾劳动的朝鲜族女性老年人面临着极为严峻的照料服务困境。朝鲜族女性丧偶率高,寿命延长,慢性病缠身等现实使得她们更需要照料服务。然而,人口流动常态化、低生育率的少子化使照料服务人力资源匮乏;朝鲜族特有的语言、饮食习惯又使得她们难以入住各类养老院机构;上述种种现状使得朝鲜族老年女性处于照料服务缺失的困境状态。由于文化、性别分工、人口流动等因素,造成朝鲜族女性老年人在养老的照料服务方面既不同于朝鲜族男性老年人,也不同于汉族女性老年人,难以获得亲密的情感照顾服务、日常生活照料服务以及医疗照顾服务。在经济利益日益成为人们追求的第一目标的前提下,应强化年轻一代对朝鲜族老年女性的责任意识和关怀伦理意识,弘扬朝鲜族传统的孝道理念,促进朝鲜族社会的良性循环。
Filial piety is an important part of the social life of the Chinese Koreans. However,the persistent cross-regional mobility in the process of globalization has posed a great challenge to the traditional culture of filial piety. Especially the elderly Korean women who bear unpaid family care for a long time are facing a severe care service dilemma. A high rate of widowhood,a longer life and some chronic illness often make them a strong dependent on care services. However,the ongoing population mobility and the low reproduction rate often lead to the shortage of human resources in care services. The unique Korean language and dietary habits make it difficult for them to go to different nursing institutions for the aged; The above-mentioned situation leads the elderly Korean women to the plight of lacking care services. Due to cultural differences,gender division of labor,population mobility and other factors,the elderly Korean women are different from the elderly Korean men in terms of the care services for the aged,and also different from the Han women in China,and as a result they lack intimate emotional care services,daily care services and medical care services. Facing the situation that the economic benefit often becomes the first goal in our daily life,we should strengthen the sense of responsibility and care ethics of the younger generation who should take care of the elderly Korean women,carry forward the traditional culture of filial piety,and promote the virtuous circle of the Korean society.
Filial piety is an important part of the social life of the Chinese Koreans. However,the persistent cross-regional mobility in the process of globalization has posed a great challenge to the traditional culture of filial piety. Especially the elderly Korean women who bear unpaid family care for a long time are facing a severe care service dilemma. A high rate of widowhood,a longer life and some chronic illness often make them a strong dependent on care services. However,the ongoing population mobility and the low reproduction rate often lead to the shortage of human resources in care services. The unique Korean language and dietary habits make it difficult for them to go to different nursing institutions for the aged; The above-mentioned situation leads the elderly Korean women to the plight of lacking care services. Due to cultural differences,gender division of labor,population mobility and other factors,the elderly Korean women are different from the elderly Korean men in terms of the care services for the aged,and also different from the Han women in China,and as a result they lack intimate emotional care services,daily care services and medical care services. Facing the situation that the economic benefit often becomes the first goal in our daily life,we should strengthen the sense of responsibility and care ethics of the younger generation who should take care of the elderly Korean women,carry forward the traditional culture of filial piety,and promote the virtuous circle of the Korean society.
引文
(1)刘柏惠,寇恩惠:《社会化养老趋势下社会照料与家庭照料的关系》,《人口与经济》2015年第1期。
(2)根据国务院人口普查办公室、国家统计局人口和就业统计司编,中国2010年人口普查资料265-268;延边朝鲜族自治州统计局、延边朝鲜族自治州第六次人口普查领导小组办公室编,延边朝鲜族自治州2010年人口普查资料,2012.201-209;整理所得。
(3)延边朝鲜族自治州统计局、延边朝鲜族自治州第六次人口普查领导小组办公室编,延边朝鲜族自治州2010年人口普查资料.2012.201-209;整理所得。
(1)延边朝鲜族自治州统计局、延边朝鲜族自治州第六次人口普查领导小组办公室编,延边朝鲜族自治州2010年人口普查资料.2012.802-803;整理所得。
(1)2016年延边国民经济与社会发展统计公报,http://www.ahmhxc.com/tongjigongbao/7210.html,2018年9月1日访问。
(2)根据国务院人口普查办公室、国家统计局人口和就业统计司编,中国2010年人口普查资料265-268;延边朝鲜族自治州统计局、延边朝鲜族自治州第六次人口普查领导小组办公室编,延边朝鲜族自治州2010年人口普查资料,2012.201-209;整理所得。
(3)延边朝鲜族自治州统计局、延边朝鲜族自治州第六次人口普查领导小组办公室编,延边朝鲜族自治州2010年人口普查资料.2012.201-209;整理所得。
(1)延边朝鲜族自治州统计局、延边朝鲜族自治州第六次人口普查领导小组办公室编,延边朝鲜族自治州2010年人口普查资料.2012.802-803;整理所得。
(1)2016年延边国民经济与社会发展统计公报,http://www.ahmhxc.com/tongjigongbao/7210.html,2018年9月1日访问。