木嘎岗日岩群是羌塘南缘的增生楔杂岩
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摘要
木嘎岗日岩群是班公湖—怒江缝合带的标志性单元,其内部构造变形复杂,很难作为连续的沉积层序进行分析,因而其板块构造背景有待进一步解释。本文在野外工作基础上,对西藏改则地区木嘎岗日岩群地质特征取得了如下认识:(1)木嘎岗日岩群由有序地层和混杂岩组成,有序地层可以分解为4个非正式地层分段,各自具有不同的沉积学、岩性和物源特征,且具有较为稳定的走向延伸,有作为填图地质单元的可能,这为解体和细分木嘎岗日岩群提供一种可行方案;(2)混杂岩以构造接触关系伏于有序地层之下,且混杂岩内部物质成分具有分层特征,上部富"原地"砂岩块体,下部富"外来"洋壳块体,这表明在混杂岩形成过程中洋壳位于混杂岩之下;(3)木嘎岗日岩群内部发育北倾南冲的逆冲推覆体系,叠瓦式发育的逆断层可能在深部汇入由构造混杂岩组成的主滑脱断层。组合的地质特征表明木嘎岗日岩群是羌塘南缘增生楔杂岩,形成于班公湖—怒江洋壳北向俯冲背景下的羌塘南缘增生过程。
The Mugagangri Group(MG)is the signature unit of the Bangong-Nujiang suture zone.Previously,due to its intensely-deformed interior,the MG could hardly be studied as continuing sedimentary successions,and,therefore,it was ambiguous to define its depositional environment and corresponding tectonic regime.In this paper,on the basis of detailed field investigation,the following characteristics of the MG are revealed:(1)the MG consists of coherent strata and mélanges,and the coherent strata could be further classified into four informal subunits,in terms of lithologic and sedimentological features;it provides a potentially feasible scheme to formally subdivide the MG;(2)the mélanges are internally stratified,with the lower part rich in exotic oceanic blocks and the upper part rich in native sandstone blocks and it indicates that oceanic crust was moving underlying the mélanges during the mélange formation;(3)the MG was intensively deformed into a south-vergent fold-and-thrust belt and the imbricated thrusts were probably soled into a basement decollement composed by tectonic mélange.The combined evidence suggests that the MG represents an accretionary complex accreted to the south margin of the Qiangtang terrane,as a result of the northward subduction of the Bangong-Nujiang oceanic crust.
The Mugagangri Group(MG)is the signature unit of the Bangong-Nujiang suture zone.Previously,due to its intensely-deformed interior,the MG could hardly be studied as continuing sedimentary successions,and,therefore,it was ambiguous to define its depositional environment and corresponding tectonic regime.In this paper,on the basis of detailed field investigation,the following characteristics of the MG are revealed:(1)the MG consists of coherent strata and mélanges,and the coherent strata could be further classified into four informal subunits,in terms of lithologic and sedimentological features;it provides a potentially feasible scheme to formally subdivide the MG;(2)the mélanges are internally stratified,with the lower part rich in exotic oceanic blocks and the upper part rich in native sandstone blocks and it indicates that oceanic crust was moving underlying the mélanges during the mélange formation;(3)the MG was intensively deformed into a south-vergent fold-and-thrust belt and the imbricated thrusts were probably soled into a basement decollement composed by tectonic mélange.The combined evidence suggests that the MG represents an accretionary complex accreted to the south margin of the Qiangtang terrane,as a result of the northward subduction of the Bangong-Nujiang oceanic crust.
引文
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[27]王保弟,许继峰,曾庆高,等.西藏改则地区拉果错蛇绿岩地球化学特征及成因[J].岩石学报,2007,23(6):1521-1530.
[28]SINGLETON J S,CLOOS M.Kinematic analysis of mélange fabrics in the Franciscan Complex near San Simeon,California:evidence for sinistral slip on the Nacimiento fault zone?[J].Lithosphere,2013,5(2):179-188.
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[31]DICKINSON J J.Interpreting provenance relations from detrital modes of sandstones[M]∥ZUFFA G G.Provenance of arenites.Dordrecht,Holland:Springer Science,1985:333-361.
[32]RAINS J L,MARSAGLIA K M,DUNNE G C.Stratigraphic record of subduction initiation in the Permian metasedimentary succession of the El Paso Mountains,California[J].Lithosphere,2012,4(6):533-552.
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[34]COUSINEAU P A.Subaqueous pyroclastic deposits in an Ordovician fore-arc basin:an example from the Saint-Victor Formation,Quebec Appalachians,Canada[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,1994,64(4):867-880.
[35]WAKITA K.Mappable features of mélanges derived from Ocean Plate Stratigraphy in the Jurassic accretionary complexes of Mino and Chichibu terranes in Southwest Japan[J].Tectonophysics,2012,568:74-85.
[36]王忠恒,王永胜,谢元和,等.西藏班公湖—怒江缝合带中段塔仁本洋岛型玄武岩的发现及地质意义[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2005,25(1):155-162.
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