前茬作物与施肥方式互作对烤后烟叶产质量的影响
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摘要
为昆明烟区生态优质烟叶生产提供依据,以烤烟品种K326为试验材料,在昆明市寻甸烟区采用2因素3重复完全随机区组试验设计,研究大麦、小麦、豌豆和荞麦4种前茬作物与优化施肥、习惯施肥互作对烟叶产质量的影响。结果表明:双因素互作对烟株农艺性状、经济性状、化学性状和评吸质量具有显著影响,以前茬小麦-习惯施肥烟株农艺性状表现较好,前茬荞-优化施肥烟叶经济性状表现较好,前茬豌豆-优化施肥化学性状表现较好,前茬豌豆-优化施肥评吸质量表现较好。在单因素条件下,不同前茬作物对烟株生长和烟叶产质量具有显著影响,前茬荞麦烟株的农艺性状表现较好,前茬豌豆烟叶的经济性状及评吸质量表现较好。
The effects of interaction between 4 preceding crops(barley,wheat,pea and buckwheat)and optimized fertilization,conventional fertilization on yield and quality of K326(a flue-cured tobacco variety)were studied by using a two-factor with three-repetition complete randomized block experiment design to provide the theoretical reference for production of ecological quality tobacco in Kunming tobaccogrowing area.Result:The reaction between double factors has the significant effects on agronomic traits,economic traits,chemical characters and smoking quality of tobacco plants.The agronomic traits of tobacco plants under preceding wheat+conventional fertilization pattern is better.The economic traits of tobacco plants under preceding buckwheat + optimized fertilization pattern is better.The chemical characters of tobacco plants under preceding pea+ optimized fertilization pattern is better.The smoking quality of tobacco plants under preceding pea + optimized fertilization pattern is better.Different preceding crops have the significant effects on growth of tobacco plants and yield and quality of tobacco leaves under the single factor condition.The agronomic traits of tobacco plants cultivated in soil with preceding buckwheat is better and the economic traits and smoking quality of tobacco plants cultivated in soil with preceding pea are better under the single factor condition.
The effects of interaction between 4 preceding crops(barley,wheat,pea and buckwheat)and optimized fertilization,conventional fertilization on yield and quality of K326(a flue-cured tobacco variety)were studied by using a two-factor with three-repetition complete randomized block experiment design to provide the theoretical reference for production of ecological quality tobacco in Kunming tobaccogrowing area.Result:The reaction between double factors has the significant effects on agronomic traits,economic traits,chemical characters and smoking quality of tobacco plants.The agronomic traits of tobacco plants under preceding wheat+conventional fertilization pattern is better.The economic traits of tobacco plants under preceding buckwheat + optimized fertilization pattern is better.The chemical characters of tobacco plants under preceding pea+ optimized fertilization pattern is better.The smoking quality of tobacco plants under preceding pea + optimized fertilization pattern is better.Different preceding crops have the significant effects on growth of tobacco plants and yield and quality of tobacco leaves under the single factor condition.The agronomic traits of tobacco plants cultivated in soil with preceding buckwheat is better and the economic traits and smoking quality of tobacco plants cultivated in soil with preceding pea are better under the single factor condition.
引文
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[21]叶旭刚,王小国.贵阳烤烟区茬口套种豌豆栽培技术[J].农技服务,2008(9):39-40.
[22]李锦康,董恩省,虎明洪,等.大蒜与几种作物的高效接茬模式研究[J].贵州农业科学,2007(3):98-99.
[23]张翔,毛家伟,黄元炯,等.不同施肥处理烤烟氮磷钾吸收分配规律研究[J].中国烟草学报,2012,18(1):53-56.
[24]董良早.测土施肥技术[J].现代农业科技,2010(13):314-316.
[25]夏海乾,孟琳,石俊雄,等.精准施肥技术在烟草上的应用[J].西南农业学报,2011,24(6):2263-2269.
[2]陈瑞泰.中国烟草栽培学[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1987:153.
[3]王欣英,李文庆,张兴海,等.前茬作物营养对烟草生长和品质的影响[J].河南农业科学,2006(2):42-46.
[4]刘方,何腾兵,刘元生,等.长期连作黄壤烟地养分变化及其施肥效应分析[J].烟草科技,2002(6):30-33.
[5]周兴华.烟稻轮作与烟草土传病害发生关系的初步探讨[J].中国烟草,1993(2):39-40.
[6]徐照丽,杨宇虹.不同前作对烤烟氮肥效应的影响[J].生态学杂志,2008,27(11):1926-1931.
[7]王欣英,李文庆,张兴海,等.前茬作物营养对烟草生长和品质的影响[J].河南农业科学,2006(2):42-46.
[8]彭云,赵正雄,李忠环,等.不同前茬对烤烟生长、产量和质量的影响[J].作物学报,2010,36(2):335-340.
[9]崔学林.不同前茬对植烟土壤及烟叶产质量的影响[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2009.
[10]刘枫,赵正雄,李忠环,等.不同前茬作物条件下烤烟氮磷钾养分平衡[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(10):2622-2626.
[11]杜瑞华,周明松.连续流动分析法在烟草分析中的应用[J].中国测试技术,2007,33(3):76-78.
[12]王瑞新.烟草化学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003.
[13]宋淑芳,陈建军,周冀衡,等.留叶数对烟叶淀粉积累及相酶活性的影响[J].华北农学报,2013,28(1):149-154.
[14]全国烟草标准化技术委员会.烟草及烟草制品感官评价方法:YC/T 138-1998[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1998.
[15]金闻博,戴亚,横田拓,等.烟草化学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000.
[16]赵杨景,王玉萍,杨峻山,等.西洋参与紫苏、薏苡轮作效应的研究[J].中国中药杂志,2005,30(1):12-15.
[17]黄明蔚,刘敏,陆敏,等.稻麦轮作农田系统中氮素渗漏流失的研究[J].环境科学学报,2007,27(4):629-636.
[18]朱练峰,江海东,周琴,等.不同前作对杂交狼尾草产量和品质的影响[J].草业科学,2005,22(10):51-54.
[19]陈益君.菜稻轮作可持续循环发展技术探究[J].现代农业科技,2009(22):14-15.
[20]王勇,刘红恩,杨超,等.重庆市烤烟质量空间变异特征及其与作物茬口关系研究[J].江西农业学报,2011,23(9):27-30.
[21]叶旭刚,王小国.贵阳烤烟区茬口套种豌豆栽培技术[J].农技服务,2008(9):39-40.
[22]李锦康,董恩省,虎明洪,等.大蒜与几种作物的高效接茬模式研究[J].贵州农业科学,2007(3):98-99.
[23]张翔,毛家伟,黄元炯,等.不同施肥处理烤烟氮磷钾吸收分配规律研究[J].中国烟草学报,2012,18(1):53-56.
[24]董良早.测土施肥技术[J].现代农业科技,2010(13):314-316.
[25]夏海乾,孟琳,石俊雄,等.精准施肥技术在烟草上的应用[J].西南农业学报,2011,24(6):2263-2269.