浙江省开化县石煤矿区天然放射性水平调查
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摘要
对浙江省开化县石煤矿区展开了地面伽玛辐射剂量率、空气氡浓度、氡析出率的测量,并系统采集了土壤、岩石、石煤、煤渣、矸石、水系沉积物等固体环境介质及水体样品。结果表明,区内伽玛辐射剂量率平均值为205 n Gy/h,远高于浙江省和全国背景值,氡浓度属正常本底水平。γ高值点主要集中在石煤矿山,其他地区放射性水平不高。石煤及煤渣中238U、226Ra、40K比活度均值分别为163. 7、175. 5、1478. 3 Bq/kg及169. 1、188. 9、1387. 1 Bq/kg,虽远高于浙江省土壤背景值,但和浙江其他地区石煤相比,含量仍比较低。受石煤开发影响,矿区内水体总α、总β均值为7. 9、8. 83 Bq/L,远远超过了标准限值,但矿区外围水体影响不大。岩性是控制调查区辐射水平的关键,同时环境因素也对其存在一定影响。
The ground gamma radiation dose rate,air radon concentration and radon exhalation rate were measured in the stone coal mine in Kaihua County,Zhejiang Province. The solid environmental media such as soil,rock,stone coal,cinder,gangue and sediments were collected systematically Water samples. The results show that the average gamma radiation dose rate in the region is 205 n Gy/h,much higher than the background value of Zhejiang Province and the whole country,and the radon concentration is a normal background level. γ high value points are mainly concentrated in stone coal mines,radioactive levels in other areas is not high. The specific activities of 238 U,226 Ra and 40 K in stone coal and coal cinder were163. 7,175. 5 and 1478. 3 Bq/kg,and 169. 1,188. 9 and 1387. 1 Bq/kg respectively,which were much higher than the soil background values in Zhejiang Province. However,Compared to coal,the content is still relatively low. Affected by the development of rock coal,the total α and total β of the water bodies in the mining area are 7. 9 and 8. 83 Bq/L,far exceeding the standard limits,but the influence of water bodies outside the mining area is not significant. Lithology is the key to controlling the radiation level in the survey area,and environmental factors also have some impact on it.
The ground gamma radiation dose rate,air radon concentration and radon exhalation rate were measured in the stone coal mine in Kaihua County,Zhejiang Province. The solid environmental media such as soil,rock,stone coal,cinder,gangue and sediments were collected systematically Water samples. The results show that the average gamma radiation dose rate in the region is 205 n Gy/h,much higher than the background value of Zhejiang Province and the whole country,and the radon concentration is a normal background level. γ high value points are mainly concentrated in stone coal mines,radioactive levels in other areas is not high. The specific activities of 238 U,226 Ra and 40 K in stone coal and coal cinder were163. 7,175. 5 and 1478. 3 Bq/kg,and 169. 1,188. 9 and 1387. 1 Bq/kg respectively,which were much higher than the soil background values in Zhejiang Province. However,Compared to coal,the content is still relatively low. Affected by the development of rock coal,the total α and total β of the water bodies in the mining area are 7. 9 and 8. 83 Bq/L,far exceeding the standard limits,but the influence of water bodies outside the mining area is not significant. Lithology is the key to controlling the radiation level in the survey area,and environmental factors also have some impact on it.
引文
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[2]叶际达,朱力,吴宗梅.浙江省放射性伴生石煤矿区天然放射性水平调查[J].辐射防护通讯,2004,24(4):21-24.
[3]张维明,黄家矩,支仲骥.浙江省石煤开发利用对环境的放射性影响[J].辐射防护,1989,9(3):189-194.
[4]孔玲莉,张亮,李莹,等.湖北、湖南、江西、浙江、安徽省石煤矿区环境介质中天然放射性核素水平调查[J].辐射防护通讯,2006,26(4):30-35.
[5]黄银萍,杨明理,蒋宇红.北京、浙江两煤矿的氡和γ放射性水平调查[J].铀矿冶,2013,32(1):42-45.
[6]叶际达,王蕾,刘鸿诗.浙江省西部地区石煤开发利用对环境影响的调查[J].环境污染与防治,1998,20(5):42-45.
[7]吕惠进.浙西石煤产区放射性污染及防治对策[J].地质通报,2003,22(9):725-728.
[8]王林峰,张华.浙西石煤放射性成因及危害初探[J].中山大学学报,2007,27(11):374-377.
[9]代杰瑞,董志成,喻超,等.青岛市地表天然放射性水平及其主控因素特征[J].世界核地质科学,2012,29(3):182.
[10]赵义坊,陈国佩.浙江省天然本底辐射水平及其所致公众剂量[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,1994,14(6):363-365.
[11]潘自强,刘森林.中国辐射水平[M].北京:原子能出版社,2010.
[12]支仲骥,黄家矩.浙江省土壤中天然放射性核素含量调查[J].辐射防护,1986,6(4):287-292.
[13]黄文辉,唐修义.中国煤中的铀、钍和放射性核素[J].中国煤田地质,2002,14(增刊):55-63.
[14]刘幅东,潘自强,刘森林,等.全国煤矿中煤、矸石天然放射性核素含量调查分析[J].辐射防护,2007,27(3):171-180.
[15]金铮.浙江省水体中天然放射性水平调查[J].辐射防护,1986,6(4):320-323.
[16]张春法,姜怀坤,吕振生.济南—淄博—泰安地区地表伽玛辐射特征及环境影响评价[J].山地国土资源,2013,29(6):23-28.