2205 DSS在Cl~-和S~(2-)共存环境中的腐蚀行为
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摘要
为更好地促进2205双相不锈钢(2205 DSS)的应用,采用循环极化曲线法、交流阻抗谱法(EIS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)以及X射线光电子能谱(XPS)技术研究了其在Cl~-和S~(2-)共存的中性、碱性环境中的腐蚀行为及腐蚀机理。结果表明:NaCl溶液中加入S~(2-)后,2205 DSS在中性和碱性环境中均匀腐蚀速率均加快。在碱性环境中加入S~(2-),2205 DSS的点蚀敏感性下降,而在中性环境加入S~(2-),2205 DSS的点蚀行为与Cl~-浓度有关。35.0 g/L NaCl溶液加入S~(2-)的中性环境,一方面,点蚀坑内的H_2S水解导致蚀坑内溶液pH值下降,促进点蚀发展;另一方面,2205 DSS钝化膜中Cr_2O_3/Cr(OH)_3比值减少,其钝化膜钝化性能降低,导致该环境下2205 DSS耐点蚀能力下降。在Cl~-浓度低于点蚀临界浓度时,阴离子间竞争吸附反而降低了2205 DSS的点蚀敏感性。
The corrosion behavior and corrosion mechanism of 2205 duplex stainless steel( DSS) in neutral and alkaline environments were studied by cyclic polarization curves,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy( EIS),scanning electron microscope( SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy( XPS). Results showed that the addition of S~(2-) ions in sodium chloride solution accelerated uniform corrosion of 2205 DSS in both neutral and alkaline environments. In alkaline environment,S~(2-) reduced the pitting susceptibility of 2205 DSS,while the pitting behavior of 2205 DSS was related to the concentration of Cl~- after the addition of S~(2-) in neutral environment. Moreover,after adding S~(2-) in neutral 35 g/L NaCl solution,on the one hand,the corrosion resistance of 2205 DSS decreased,which resulted from that the hydrolysis of H_2S in corrosion pit led to the decrease of pH value in the pit and promoted the propagation of pitting corrosion. On the other hand,the Cr2O3/Cr( OH)3ratio in the passive film of 2205 DSS decreased,resulting in the decrease of protection effect of passivation film and further causing the decrease of the pitting susceptibility of 2205 DSS. When the Cl~- concentration was lower than that of critical concentration of pitting corrosion,the competitive adsorption between the anions reduced the pitting susceptibility of 2205 DSS.
The corrosion behavior and corrosion mechanism of 2205 duplex stainless steel( DSS) in neutral and alkaline environments were studied by cyclic polarization curves,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy( EIS),scanning electron microscope( SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy( XPS). Results showed that the addition of S~(2-) ions in sodium chloride solution accelerated uniform corrosion of 2205 DSS in both neutral and alkaline environments. In alkaline environment,S~(2-) reduced the pitting susceptibility of 2205 DSS,while the pitting behavior of 2205 DSS was related to the concentration of Cl~- after the addition of S~(2-) in neutral environment. Moreover,after adding S~(2-) in neutral 35 g/L NaCl solution,on the one hand,the corrosion resistance of 2205 DSS decreased,which resulted from that the hydrolysis of H_2S in corrosion pit led to the decrease of pH value in the pit and promoted the propagation of pitting corrosion. On the other hand,the Cr2O3/Cr( OH)3ratio in the passive film of 2205 DSS decreased,resulting in the decrease of protection effect of passivation film and further causing the decrease of the pitting susceptibility of 2205 DSS. When the Cl~- concentration was lower than that of critical concentration of pitting corrosion,the competitive adsorption between the anions reduced the pitting susceptibility of 2205 DSS.
引文
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[27]张永福,包伟国,陈夏冠,等. SUS36不锈钢钝化膜的XPS研究[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,1983,3(2):112-122.
[2] SPEIGHT J G. Oil and Gas Corrosion Prevention:From Surface Facilities to Refineries[M]. Waltham:Gulf Professional Publishing,2014:20.
[3] HWANG H,PARK Y. Effects of Heat Treatment on the Phase Ratio and Corrosion Resistance of Duplex Stainless Steel[J]. Materials Transactions,2009,50(6):1 548-1 552.
[4] HA H Y,JANG M H,LEE T H,et al. Interpretation of the relation between ferrite fraction and pitting corrosion resistance of commercial 2205 duplex stainless steel[J]. Corrosion Science,2014,89(5):154-162.
[5]高尚. 5.5Mt/a常减压蒸馏装置常压塔塔顶冷凝系统防腐措施[J].化工机械,2011,38(4):497-499.
[6]施宝昌,郭建.常减压蒸馏塔塔顶注氨条件下的腐蚀及对策[J].石油炼制与化工,1997(4):44-46.
[7]李庆梅,赵敏,刁宇,等.常减压塔顶腐蚀与防护[J].石油化工设备技术,2015(1):46-48.
[8]龚敏,邹振,郑兴文,等. 2205双相不锈钢在卤水环境中的腐蚀行为[J].腐蚀与防护,2009,30(7):473-476.
[9]陈玉苗,陈均志. 2205双相不锈钢在盐卤介质中腐蚀行为的研究[J].热加工工艺,2011,40(2):28-31.
[10] YU-LIANG W U,ZHANG J Y,LIN Y,et al. Effect of Trace Amount of H2S on CO2Corrosion Behavior of X65Pipeline Steel[J]. Corrosion&Protection,2014,35(8):792-796.
[11] Ne2i c'S. Key issues related to modelling of internal corrosion of oil and gas pipelines-A review[J]. Corrosion Science,2007,49(12):4 308-4 338.
[12] TRIBOLLET B,KITTEL J,MEROUFEL A,et al. Corrosion mechanisms in aqueous solutions containing dissolved H2S. Part 2:Model of the cathodic reactions on a 316L stainless steel rotating disc electrode[J]. Electrochimica Acta,2014,124(4):46-51.
[13] DAVOODI A,PAKSHIR M,BABAIEE M,et al. A comparative H2S corrosion study of 304L and 316L stainless steels in acidic media[J]. Corrosion Science,2011,53(1):399-408.
[14] HERBSLEB G,POEPPERLING R K. Corrosion Properties of Austenitic-Ferritic Duplex Steel AF 22 in Chloride and Sulfide Containing Environments[J]. Corrosion-Houston Tx-,1980,36(11):611-618.
[15]郭志军,周建军,王克栋.双相不锈钢在油田H2S-CO2-Cl-环境下耐蚀性研究[J].石油化工设备技术,2011,32(1):16-21.
[16]尹志福,朱世东,南蓓蓓,等. 2205双相不锈钢在CO2-H2S-Cl--H2O环境中的电化学腐蚀行为[J].材料保护,2016,49(3):23-26.
[17]王瑾娜,丁荣生.常减压蒸馏塔顶H2S协同腐蚀作用的研究[J].石油炼制与化工,1999(8):62-63.
[18]朴楠,陈吉,尹成江,等.超细晶304L不锈钢在含Cl-溶液中点蚀行为的研究[J].金属学报,2015(9):1 077-1 084.
[19] CHENG X Q,CHENG T,DONG C F,et al. Constituent phases of the passive film formed on 2205 stainless steel by dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy[J]. Journal of Mineral Metallurgy and Materials,2011,18(1):42-47.
[20] LV J,LIANG T,WANG C,et al. Influence of sensitization on passive films in AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel[J].Journal of Alloys&Compounds,2016,658:657-662.
[21]蒋志国,王辉煌,龚利华,等. Cl-和H2S对不锈钢电化学行为的协同影响[J].材料保护,2017,50(2):74-77.
[22] Cˇrtomir D,KOCIJAN A,MANDRINO D,et al. X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Depth Profiling of Electrochemically Prepared Thin Oxide Layers on Duplex Stainless Steel[J]. Metallurgical&Materials Transactions B,2011,42(5):1 044-1 050.
[23] HARRINGTON S P,WANG F,DEVINE T M. The structure and electronic properties of passive and prepassive films of iron in borate buffer[J]. Electrochimica Acta,2010,55(13):4 092-4 102.
[24]向红亮,何福善,刘东.超级双相不锈铸钢电化学极化表面腐蚀产物的XPS分析[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,2010,30(4):288-294.
[25] ABREU C M,Cristóbal M J,LOSADA R,et al. Comparative study of passive films of different stainless steels developed on alkaline medium[J]. Electrochimica Acta,2004,49(17):3 049-3 056.
[26] BARDWELL J A,SPROULE G I,MACDOUGALL B,et al. In Situ XANES Detection of Cr(VI)in the Passive Film on Fe-26Cr[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society,1992,139(2):371.
[27]张永福,包伟国,陈夏冠,等. SUS36不锈钢钝化膜的XPS研究[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,1983,3(2):112-122.