低压条件下18650型锂电池热失效特性研究
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摘要
针对18650型锂电池航空运输安全问题,搭建锂电池热失控实验平台,设定压力为95、60、30 kPa进行热失控实验,并对锂电池热失控电压和释放的CO、CO2及空气中O2含量进行数据采集和分析。结果表明:低压下锂电池热失控电压经历了突降、陡升、缓升、缓降等过程,压力越低,热失控电压陡升越明显,整个热失控过程电压上升值越大,并且峰值电压更高,达到峰值电压更快;低压下锂电池热失控时电池内部短时间释放大量CO、CO2,空气中的O2含量短时间内迅速降低,并且压力越低,电池内部释放气体越早,释放持续的时间越长。
For the safety problem of 18650 air transport lithium battery, a lithium battery thermal runaway experimental platform was built. The experiment was carried out at 95, 60 and 30 k Pa, data collection and analysis were carried out on which include the thermal runaway voltage, the CO and CO2 released from the lithium battery, and O2 content in the air. The experimental results showed that the thermal runaway voltage of the lithium battery under low pressure had a series of trends included sudden drop, stee prise, slow rise, slow descent, etc. The lower the pressure, the more obvious the thermal runaway voltage rose sharply, and the voltage rose value of the whole thermal runaway process was larger, the peak voltage was higher and the peak voltage was reached faster. Lithium battery thermal runaway battery released a large amount of CO and CO2 gas in a short time under low pressure, and the O2 content decreased rapidly in the air. At the moment, the lower the pressure, the sooner and longer the gas release inside the battery.
For the safety problem of 18650 air transport lithium battery, a lithium battery thermal runaway experimental platform was built. The experiment was carried out at 95, 60 and 30 k Pa, data collection and analysis were carried out on which include the thermal runaway voltage, the CO and CO2 released from the lithium battery, and O2 content in the air. The experimental results showed that the thermal runaway voltage of the lithium battery under low pressure had a series of trends included sudden drop, stee prise, slow rise, slow descent, etc. The lower the pressure, the more obvious the thermal runaway voltage rose sharply, and the voltage rose value of the whole thermal runaway process was larger, the peak voltage was higher and the peak voltage was reached faster. Lithium battery thermal runaway battery released a large amount of CO and CO2 gas in a short time under low pressure, and the O2 content decreased rapidly in the air. At the moment, the lower the pressure, the sooner and longer the gas release inside the battery.
引文
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[2]ICAO.The safe transport of dangerous goods by air:annex 18 to the convention on international civil aviation[M].International Civil Aviation Origanization,2018.
[3]ZHOU Z,WEI Y,LI H,et al.Experimental analysis of low air pressure influences on fire plumes[J].International Journal of Heat&Mass Transfer,2014,70(2):578-585.
[4]YUE H P Q.Research on thermal abuse test for lithium-ion battery[J].Safety&Emc,2010,(4):44-46.
[5]SHEIKH M,ELMARAKBI A,ELKADY M.Thermal runaway detection of cylindrical 18650 lithium-ion battery under quasistatic loading conditions[J].Journal of Power Sources,2017,370:61-70.
[6]TARASCON J M,ARMAND M.Issues and challenges facing rechargeable lithium batteries[J].Nature,2001,414(6861):359-367.
[7]WIESER D,JAUCH P,WILLI U.The influence of high altitude on fire detector test fires[J].Fire Safety Journal,1997,29(2):195-204.
[8]陈明毅.常压和低压下锂原电池、锂离子电池火灾行为研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2017.
[9]孙强.低压环境对锂电池热灾害扩展特性影响研究[D].广汉:中国民用航空飞行学院,2018.
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[11]叶佳娜.锂电子电池过充电和过放电条件下热失控(失效)特性及机制研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2017.
[12]高飞,薛庆瑞,杨凯,等.荷电状态对锂离子电池正极燃烧产物的影响[J].电子元件与材料,2014,33(3):40-44.
[13]黄沛丰.锂离子电池火灾危险性及热失控临界条件研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2018.
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